Virgil · Georgics Georgica

Virgil, Georgics 4.315–385: Aristaeus and Cyrene

Aristaeus, a shepherd whose bees have died of famine and disease, stands by a river head near Tempe and complains to his mother Cyrene, who lives beneath the water. He asks why she bore him to bad fortune if Apollo is his father, and tells her to burn his orchards. Hearing him, Cyrene stops the nymphs' spinning, where Clymene tells of Hephaestus (Vulcan) and Ares (Mars), and has the river open for him. He sees the sources of the rivers, and she pours libations to Ocean.

Lines 4.315–385 · 670 words · click a number to copy its link
315Quis deus hanc, Musae, quis nobis extudit artem? Unde nova ingressus hominum experientia cepit? Pastor Aristaeus fugiens Peneia Tempe, amissis, ut fama, apibus morboque fameque, tristis ad extremi sacrum caput adstitit amnis 320multa querens atque hac adfatus voce parentem: “Mater, Cyrene mater, quae gurgitis huius ima tenes, quid me praeclara stirpe deorum, si modo, quem perhibes, pater est Thymbraeus Apollo, invisum fatis genuisti? aut quo tibi nostri 325pulsus amor? quid me caelum sperare iubebas? En etiam hunc ipsum vitae mortalis honorem, quem mihi vix frugum et pecudum custodia sollers omnia temptanti extuderat, te matre relinquo. Quin age et ipsa manu felices erue silvas, 330fer stabulis inimicum ignem atque interfice messes, ure sata et validam in vites molire bipennem, tanta meae si te ceperunt taedia laudis.”

Say what was he, what God, that fashioned forth
This art for us, O Muses? of man's skill
Whence came the new adventure? From thy vale,
Peneian Tempe, turning, bee-bereft,
So runs the tale, by famine and disease,
Mournful the shepherd Aristaeus stood
Fast by the haunted river-head, and thus
With many a plaint to her that bare him cried:
“Mother, Cyrene, mother, who hast thy home
Beneath this whirling flood, if he thou sayest,
Apollo, lord of Thymbra, be my sire,
Sprung from the Gods' high line, why barest thou me
With fortune's ban for birthright? Where is now
Thy love to me-ward banished from thy breast?
O! wherefore didst thou bid me hope for heaven?
Lo! even the crown of this poor mortal life,
Which all my skilful care by field and fold,
No art neglected, scarce had fashioned forth,
Even this falls from me, yet thou call'st me son.
Nay, then, arise! With thine own hands pluck up
My fruit-plantations: on the homestead fling
Pitiless fire; make havoc of my crops;
Burn the young plants, and wield the stubborn axe
Against my vines, if there hath taken the
Such loathing of my greatness.”

333At mater sonitum thalamo sub fluminis alti sensit. Eam circum Milesia vellera Nymphae 335carpebant hyali saturo fucata colore, drymoque Xanthoque Ligeaque Phyllodoceque, caesariem effusae nitidam per candida colla, Nesaee Spioque Thaliaque Cymodoceque, Cydippeque et flava Lycorias, altera virgo, 340altera tum primos Lucinae experta labores, Clioque et Beroe soror, Oceanitides ambae, ambae auro, pictis incinctae pellibus ambae, atque Ephyre atque Opis et Asia Deiopea et tandem positis velox Arethusa sagittis. 345Inter quas curam Clymene narrabat inanem Vulcani Martisque dolos et dulcia furta, aque Chao densos divum numerabat amores carmine quo captae dum fusis mollia pensa devolvunt, iterum maternas impulit aures 350luctus Aristaei, vitreisque sedilibus omnes obstipuere; sed ante alias Arethusa sorores prospiciens summa flavum caput extulit unda et procul: “O gemitu non frustra exterrita tanto, Cyrene soror, ipse tibi, tua maxima cura, 355tristis Aristaeus Penei genitoris ad undam stat lacrimans et te crudelem nomine dicit.”

But that cry,
Even from her chamber in the river-deeps,
His mother heard: around her spun the nymphs
Milesian wool stained through with hyaline dye,
Drymo, Xantho, Ligea, Phyllodoce,
Their glossy locks o'er snowy shoulders shed,
Cydippe and Lycorias yellow-haired,
A maiden one, one newly learned even then
To bear Lucina's birth-pang. Clio, too,
And Beroe, sisters, ocean-children both,
Both zoned with gold and girt with dappled fell,
Ephyre and Opis, and from Asian meads
Deiopea, and, bow at length laid by,
Fleet-footed Arethusa. But in their midst
Fair Clymene was telling o'er the tale
Of Vulcan's idle vigilance and the stealth
Of Mars' sweet rapine, and from Chaos old
Counted the jostling love-joys of the Gods.
Charmed by whose lay, the while their woolly tasks
With spindles down they drew, yet once again
Smote on his mother's ears the mournful plaint
Of Aristaeus; on their glassy thrones
Amazement held them all; but Arethuse
Before the rest put forth her auburn head,
Peering above the wave-top, and from far
Exclaimed, “Cyrene, sister, not for naught
Scared by a groan so deep, behold! 'tis he,
Even Aristaeus, thy heart's fondest care,
Here by the brink of the Peneian sire
Stands woebegone and weeping, and by name
Cries out upon thee for thy cruelty.”

357Huic percussa nova mentem formidine mater, “duc, age, duc ad nos; fas illi limina divum tangere,” ait. Simul alta iubet discedere late 360flumina, qua iuvenis gressus inferret. At illum curvata in montis faciem circumstetit unda accepitque sinu vasto misitque sub amnem. Iamque domum mirans genetricis et umida regna speluncisque lacus clausos lucosque sonantes 365ibat et ingenti motu stupefactus aquarum omnia sub magna labentia flumina terra spectabat diversa locis, Phasimque Lycumque et caput, unde altus primum se erumpit Enipeus unde pater Tiberinus et unde Aniena fluenta 370saxosusque sonans Hypanis Mysusque Caicus, et gemina auratus taurino cornua vultu Eridanus, quo non alius per pinguia culta in mare purpureum violentior effluit amnis. Postquam est in thalami pendentia pumice tecta 375perventum et nati fletus cognovit inanes Cyrene, manibus liquidos dant ordine fontes germanae tonsisque ferunt mantelia villis; pars epulis onerant mensas et plena reponunt pocula, Panchaeis adolescunt ignibus arae; 380et mater, “Cape Maeonii carchesia Bacchi: Oceano libemus,” ait. Simul ipsa precatur Oceanumque patrem rerum Nymphasque sorores centum quae silvas, centum quae flumina servant. Ter liquido ardentem perfundit nectare Vestam, 385ter flamma ad summum tecti subiecta reluxit.

To whom, strange terror knocking at her heart,
“Bring, bring him to our sight,” the mother cried;
“His feet may tread the threshold even of Gods.”
So saying, she bids the flood yawn wide and yield
A pathway for his footsteps; but the wave
Arched mountain-wise closed round him, and within
Its mighty bosom welcomed, and let speed
To the deep river-bed. And now, with eyes
Of wonder gazing on his mother's hall
And watery kingdom and cave-prisoned pools
And echoing groves, he went, and, stunned by that
Stupendous whirl of waters, separate saw
All streams beneath the mighty earth that glide,
Phasis and Lycus, and that fountain-head
Whence first the deep Enipeus leaps to light,
Whence father Tiber, and whence Anio's flood,
And Hypanis that roars amid his rocks,
And Mysian Caicus, and, bull-browed
'Twixt either gilded horn, Eridanus,
Than whom none other through the laughing plains
More furious pours into the purple sea.
Soon as the chamber's hanging roof of stone
Was gained, and now Cyrene from her son
Had heard his idle weeping, in due course
Clear water for his hands the sisters bring,
With napkins of shorn pile, while others heap
The board with dainties, and set on afresh
The brimming goblets; with Panchaian fires
Upleap the altars; then the mother spake,
“Take beakers of Maconian wine,” she said,
“Pour we to Ocean.” Ocean, sire of all,
She worships, and the sister-nymphs who guard
The hundred forests and the hundred streams;
Thrice Vesta's fire with nectar clear she dashed,
Thrice to the roof-top shot the flame and shone:

People and places in this passage

English translation by James Rhoades (1921). Original text: J. B. Greenough (ed.), The Bucolics, Aeneid, and Georgics of Virgil, Boston: Ginn and Company, 1881 (Latin text as digitised by Perseus); English: James Rhoades, The Poems of Vergil, London: Oxford University Press, 1921.

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.