Virgil · Georgics Georgica

Virgil, Georgics 4.528–566: The sacrifice of Aristaeus; the poet's farewell

Proteus plunges into the sea, and Cyrene tells Aristaeus that the nymphs, companions of Eurydice, sent the plague and must be appeased. He must sacrifice four bulls and four heifers at four altars, then after nine days send poppies and a black sheep to Orpheus and a calf to Eurydice. Aristaeus does so, and bees swarm from the carcasses and cluster in a tree. The poet closes by saying he sang of farming while Caesar waged war by the Euphrates, and names himself Virgil.

Lines 4.528–566 · 399 words · click a number to copy its link
528Haec Proteus, et se iactu dedit aequor in altum, quaque dedit, spumantem undam sub vertice torsit. 530At non Cyrene; namque ultro adfata timentem: “Nate, licet tristes animo deponere curas. Haec omnis morbi causa; hinc miserabile Nymphae, cum quibus illa choros lucis agitabat in altis, exitium misere apibus. Tu munera supplex 535tende petens pacem et faciles venerare Napaeas; namque dabunt veniam votis irasque remittent. Sed modus orandi qui sit, prius ordine dicam. Quattuor eximios praestanti corpore tauros, qui tibi nunc viridis depascunt summa Lycaei, 540delige et intacta totidem cervice iuvencas. Quattuor his aras alta ad delubra dearum constitue et sacrum iugulis demitte cruorem, corporaque ipsa boum frondoso desere luco. Post, ubi nona suos Aurora ostenderit ortus, 545inferias Orphei Lethaea papavera mittes et nigram mactabis ovem lucumque revises: placatam Eurydicen vitula venerabere caesa.”

So Proteus ending plunged into the deep,
And, where he plunged, beneath the eddying whirl
Churned into foam the water, and was gone;
But not Cyrene, who unquestioned thus
Bespake the trembling listener: “Nay, my son,
From that sad bosom thou mayst banish care:
Hence came that plague of sickness, hence the nymphs,
With whom in the tall woods the dance she wove,
Wrought on thy bees, alas! this deadly bane.
Bend thou before the Dell-nymphs, gracious powers:
Bring gifts, and sue for pardon: they will grant
Peace to thine asking, and an end of wrath.
But how to approach them will I first unfold—
Four chosen bulls of peerless form and bulk,
That browse to-day the green Lycaean heights,
Pick from thy herds, as many kine to match,
Whose necks the yoke pressed never: then for these
Build up four altars by the lofty fanes,
And from their throats let gush the victims' blood,
And in the greenwood leave their bodies lone.
Then, when the ninth dawn hath displayed its beams,
To Orpheus shalt thou send his funeral dues,
Poppies of Lethe, and let slay a sheep
Coal-black, then seek the grove again, and soon
For pardon found adore Eurydice
With a slain calf for victim.”

548Haud mora; continuo matris praecepta facessit; ad delubra venit, monstratas excitat aras, 550quattuor eximios praestanti corpore tauros ducit et intacta totidem cervice iuvencas. Post, ubi nona suos Aurora induxerat ortus, inferias Orphei mittit lucumque revisit. Hic vero subitum ac dictu mirabile monstrum 555adspiciunt, liquefacta boum per viscera toto stridere apes utero et ruptis effervere costis, immensasque trahi nubes, iamque arbore summa confluere et lentis uvam demittere ramis. Haec super arvorum cultu pecorumque canebam 560et super arboribus, Caesar dum magnus ad altum fulminat Euphraten bello victorque volentes per populos dat iura viamque adfectat Olympo. Illo Vergilium me tempore dulcis alebat Parthenope studiis florentem ignobilis oti, 565carmina qui lusi pastorum audaxque iuventa, Tityre, te patulae cecini sub tegmine fagi.

No delay:
The self-same hour he hies him forth to do
His mother's bidding: to the shrine he came,
The appointed altars reared, and thither led
Four chosen bulls of peerless form and bulk,
With kine to match, that never yoke had known;
Then, when the ninth dawn had led in the day,
To Orpheus sent his funeral dues, and sought
The grove once more. But sudden, strange to tell
A portent they espy: through the oxen's flesh,
Waxed soft in dissolution, hark! there hum
Bees from the belly; the rent ribs overboil
In endless clouds they spread them, till at last
On yon tree-top together fused they cling,
And drop their cluster from the bending boughs.
So sang I of the tilth of furrowed fields,
Of flocks and trees, while Caesar's majesty
Launched forth the levin-bolts of war by deep
Euphrates, and bare rule o'er willing folk
Though vanquished, and essayed the heights of heaven.
I Virgil then, of sweet Parthenope
The nursling, wooed the flowery walks of peace
Inglorious, who erst trilled for shepherd-wights
The wanton ditty, and sang in saucy youth
Thee, Tityrus, 'neath the spreading beech tree's shade.

People and places in this passage

English translation by James Rhoades (1921). Original text: J. B. Greenough (ed.), The Bucolics, Aeneid, and Georgics of Virgil, Boston: Ginn and Company, 1881 (Latin text as digitised by Perseus); English: James Rhoades, The Poems of Vergil, London: Oxford University Press, 1921.

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.