ἡμεῖς δὲ περὶ τούτων ἀρκούντως διεληλυθότες περὶ Ἀρισταίου γράφειν ἐγχειρήσομεν. Ἀρισταῖος γὰρ ἦν υἱὸς μὲν Ἀπόλλωνος καὶ Κυρήνης τῆς Ὑψέως θυγατρὸς τοῦ Πηνειοῦ· περὶ δὲ τῆς γενέσεως αὐτοῦ μυθολογοῦσί τινες οὕτως. Ἀπόλλωνα, περὶ τὸ Πήλιον τρεφομένης κόρης ὄνομα Κυρήνης κάλλει διαφερούσης, ἐρασθῆναι τῆς παρθένου, καὶ μετενεγκεῖν αὐτὴν τῆς Λιβύης εἰς ταύτην τὴν χώραν, ἐν ᾗ κατὰ τοὺς ὕστερον χρόνους τινὰ κτίσαντα πόλιν ἀπʼ ἐκείνης ὀνομάσαι Κυρήνην.
τὸν δʼ οὖν Ἀπόλλω κατὰ ταύτην τὴν χώραν ἐκ Κυρήνης γεννήσαντα υἱὸν Ἀρισταῖον τοῦτον μὲν νήπιον ὄντα παραδοῦναι ταῖς Νύμφαις τρέφειν· ταύτας δὲ τῷ παιδὶ τρεῖς ὀνομασίας προσάψαι· καλεῖν γὰρ αὐτὸν Νόμιον, Ἀρισταῖον, Ἀγρέα. τοῦτον δὲ παρὰ τῶν Νυμφῶν μαθόντα τήν τε τοῦ γάλακτος πῆξιν καὶ τὴν κατασκευὴν τῶν σμήνων, ἔτι δὲ τῶν ἐλαιῶν τὴν κατεργασίαν,
διδάξαι πρῶτον τοὺς ἀνθρώπους. διὰ δὲ τὴν εὐχρηστίαν τὴν ἐκ τούτων τῶν εὑρημάτων τοὺς εὐεργετηθέντας ἀνθρώπους τιμῆσαι τὸν Ἀρισταῖον ἰσοθέοις τιμαῖς, καθὰ καὶ τὸν Διόνυσον. μετὰ δὲ ταῦτά φασιν αὐτὸν εἰς Βοιωτίαν καταντήσαντα γῆμαι τῶν Κάδμου θυγατέρων Αὐτονόην, ἐξ ἧς φασιν Ἀκτέωνα γενέσθαι τὸν κατὰ τοὺς μύθους ὑπὸ τῶν ἰδίων κυνῶν διασπασθέντα.
τὴν δʼ αἰτίαν ἀποδιδόασι τῆς ἀτυχίας οἱ μὲν ὅτι κατὰ τὸ τῆς Ἀρτέμιδος ἱερὸν διὰ τῶν ἀνατιθεμένων ἀκροθινίων ἐκ τῶν κυνηγίων προῃρεῖτο τὸν γάμον κατεργάσασθαι τῆς Ἀρτέμιδος, οἱ δʼ ὅτι τῆς Ἀρτέμιδος αὑτὸν πρωτεύειν ταῖς κυνηγίαις ἀπεφήνατο.
But now that we have discoursed upon these matters at sufficient length, we shall next undertake to write about Aristaeus. Aristaeus was the son of Apollo and Cyrenê, the daughter of Hypseus the son of Peneius, and the manner of his birth is given by certain writers of myths as follows: Apollo became enamoured of a maiden by the name of Cyrenê, who was reared in the neighbourhood of Mt. Pelion and was of surpassing beauty, and he carried her off from there to that part of the land of Libya where in later times he founded a city and named it, after her, Cyrenê. Now Apollo begat by Cyrenê in that land a son Aristaeus and gave him while yet a babe into the hands of the Nymphs to nurture, and the latter bestowed upon him three different names, calling him, that is, Nomius, Aristaeus, and Agreus. He learned from the Nymphs how to curdle milk, to make bee-hives, and to cultivate olive-trees, and was the first to instruct men in these matters. And because of the advantage which came to them from these discoveries the men who had received his benefactions rendered to Aristaeus honours equal to those offered to the gods, even as they had done in the case of Dionysus.
After this, they say, Aristaeus went to Boeotia, where he married one of the daughters of Cadmus, Autonoê, to whom was born Acteon, who, as the myths relate, was torn to pieces by his own dogs. The reason for this bad turn of fortune of his, as some explain it, was that, presuming upon his dedication to Artemis of the first-fruits of his hunting, he purposed to consummate the marriage with Artemis at the temple of the goddess, but according to others, it was because he represented himself as superior to Artemis in skill as a hunter.
οὐκ ἀπίθανον δὲ ἐπʼ ἀμφοτέροις τούτοις μηνῖσαι τὴν θεόν· εἴτε γὰρ τοῖς ἁλισκομένοις πρὸς τὴν ἀκοινώνητον τοῖς γάμοις κατεχρῆτο πρὸς τὸ συντελέσαι τὴν ἰδίαν ἐπιθυμίαν, εἴτε καὶ ταύτης ἐτόλμησεν εἰπεῖν αἱρετώτερον αὑτὸν εἶναι κυνηγόν ᾗ καὶ θεοὶ παρακεχωρήκασι τῆς ἐν τούτοις ἁμίλλης, ὁμολογουμένην καὶ δικαίαν ὀργὴν ἔσχε πρὸς αὐτὸν ἡ θεός. καθόλου δὲ πιθανῶς εἰς τὴν τῶν ἁλισκομένων θηρίων μεταμορφωθεὶς ἰδέαν ὑπὸ τῶν καὶ τἄλλα θηρία χειρουμένων κυνῶν διεφθάρη.
But it is not incredible that it was for both these reasons that the goddess became angry; for whether Acteon made an improper use of the spoils of his hunting to satisfy his own desire upon her who has no part in marriage, or whether he was so bold as to assert that as a hunter he was to be preferred above her before whom even gods withdraw from rivalry in the chase, all would agree that the goddess was justified in having become indignant at him. And, speaking generally, we may well believe that, when he had been changed into the form of one of the animals which he was wont to hunt, he was slain by the dogs which were accustomed to prey upon the other wild beasts.
τὸν δʼ Ἀρισταῖόν φασιμετὰ τὴν Ἀκτέωνος τελευτὴν ἐλθεῖν εἰς τὸ χρηστήριον τοῦ πατρός, καὶ τὸν Ἀπόλλω προειπεῖν αὐτῷ τὴν εἰς Κέων νῆσον μετάβασιν ἐσομένην αὐτοῦ καὶ τὰς ἐσομένας παρὰ τοῖς Κείοις τιμάς.
τὸν δὲ πλεῦσαι μὲν εἰς τὴν νῆσον ταύτην, λοιμοῦ δὲ τὴν Ἑλλάδα κατασχόντος ποιήσασθαι τὴν θυσίαν ὑπὲρ ἁπάντων τῶν Ἑλλήνων. γενομένης δὲ τῆς θυσίας κατὰ τὴν τοῦ σειρίου ἄστρου ἐπιτολήν, καθʼ ἣν συνέβαινε πνεῖν τοὺς ἐτησίας, λῆξαι τὰς λοιμικὰς νόσους.
τοῦτο δʼ ἄν τις συλλογιζόμενος εἰκότως θαυμάσαι τὸ τῆς περιπετείας ἴδιον· ὁ γὰρ ὑπὸ τῶν κυνῶν ἰδὼν τὸν υἱὸν τετελευτηκότα, οὗτος τῶν κατὰ τὸν οὐρανὸν ἄστρων τὸ τὴν αὐτὴν ἔχον προσηγορίαν καὶ φθείρειν νομιζόμενον τοὺς ἀνθρώπους ἔπαυσε, καὶ τοῖς ἄλλοις αἴτιος ἐγένετο τῆς σωτηρίας.
λέγουσι δὲ τὸν Ἀρισταῖον ἐκγόνους ἐν τῇ Κέῳ καταλιπόντα, καὶ μετὰ ταῦτα εἰς τὴν Λιβύην ἐπανελθόντα, ἀπὸ τῆς μητρὸς Νύμφης τὴν ἀναγωγὴν ποιησάμενον εἰς τὴν Σαρδὼ νῆσον καταπλεῦσαι. ἐν δὲ ταύτῃ κατοικήσαντα, καὶ τὴν νῆσον διὰ τὸ κάλλος στέρξαντα, φυτεῦσαί τε αὐτὴν καὶ τὸ πρότερον ἐξηγριωμένην ἡμερῶσαι. γεννῆσαι δʼ ἐν αὐτῇ δύο παῖδας, Χάρμον καὶ Καλλίκαρπον.
As for Aristaeus, after the death of Acteon, we are told, he went to the oracle of his father, Apollo, who prophesied to him that he was to change his home to the island of Ceos and told him likewise of the honours which would be his among the Ceans. To this island he sailed, but since a plague prevailed throughout Greece the sacrifice he offered there was on behalf of all the Greeks. And since the sacrifice was made at the time of the rising of the star Sirius, which is the period when the etesian winds customarily blow, the pestilential diseases, we are told, came to an end. Now the man who ponders upon this event may reasonably marvel at the strange turn which fortune took; for the same man who saw his son done to death by the dogs likewise put an end to the influence of that star which, of all the stars of heaven, bears the same name and is thought to bring destruction upon mankind, and by so doing was responsible for saving the lives of the rest.
We are further informed that Aristaeus left descendants behind on the island of Ceos and then returned to Libya, from where he set forth with the aid of his mother, a Nymph, and put ashore on the island of Sardinia. Here he made his home, and since he loved the island because of its beauty, he set out plantings in it and brought it under cultivation, whereas formerly it had lain waste.
μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα ἄλλας τε νήσους ἐπελθεῖν καὶ κατὰ τὴν Σικελίαν διατρῖψαί τινα χρόνον, διὰ δὲ τὴν ἀφθονίαν τῶν ἐν τῇ νήσῳ καρπῶν καὶ τὸ πλῆθος τῶν ἐν αὐτῇ βοσκομένων κτηνῶν φιλοτιμηθῆναι τοῖς ἐγχωρίοις ἐνδείξασθαι τὰς ἰδίας εὐεργεσίας. διὸ καὶ παρὰ τοῖς κατὰ τὴν Σικελίαν οἰκοῦσι διαφερόντως φασὶ τιμηθῆναι τὸν Ἀρισταῖον ὡς θεόν, καὶ μάλισθʼ ὑπὸ τῶν συγκομιζόντων τὸν τῆς ἐλαίας καρπόν.
τὸ δὲ τελευταῖον μυθολογοῦσιν αὐτὸν εἰς Θρᾴκην παραβαλόντα πρὸς Διόνυσον μετασχεῖν τῶν ὀργίων, καὶ συνδιατρίψαντα τῷ θεῷ πολλὰ μαθεῖν παρʼ αὐτοῦ τῶν χρησίμων· περὶ δὲ τὸ ὄρος τὸ καλούμενον Αἷμον οἰκήσαντά τινα χρόνον ἄφαντον γενέσθαι, καὶ τυχεῖν ἀθανάτων τιμῶν οὐ μόνον ἐνταῦθα παρὰ τοῖς βαρβάροις, ἀλλὰ καὶ παρὰ τοῖς Ἕλλησι.
And after this he visited other islands and spent some time in Sicily, where, because of the abundance of the fruits on the island and the multitude of flocks and herds which grazed there, he was eager to display to its inhabitants the benefactions which were his to bestow. Consequently among the inhabitants of Sicily, as men say, Aristaeus received especial honour as a god, in particular by those who harvested the fruit of the olive-tree. And finally, as the myths relate, he visited Dionysus in Thrace and was initiated into his secret rites, and during his stay in the company of the god he learned from him much useful knowledge. And after dwelling some time in the neighbourhood of Mount Haemus he never was seen again of men, and became the recipient of immortal honours not only among the barbarians of that region but among the Greeks as well.
καὶ περὶ μὲν Ἀρισταίου τοῖς ῥηθεῖσιν ἀρκεσθησόμεθα, περὶ δὲ Δάφνιδος καὶ Ἔρυκος πειρασόμεθα διεθεῖν. Ἔρυκά φασιν υἱὸν μὲν γενέσθαι Ἀφροδίτης καὶ Βούτα, βασιλέως τινὸς ἐγχωρίου δόξῃ διαφέροντος· τοῦτον δὲ διὰ τὴν ἀπὸ τῆς μητρὸς εὐγένειαν θαυμασθῆναί τε ὑπὸ τῶν ἐγχωρίων καὶ βασιλεῦσαι μέρους τῆς νήσου. κτίσαι δὲ καὶ πόλιν ἀξιόλογον ὁμώνυμον αὑτῷ, κειμένην ἐπί τινος ὑψηλοῦ τόπου· κατὰ δὲ τὴν ἄκραν τὴν ἐν τῇ πόλει τῆς μητρὸς ἱερὸν ἱδρύσασθαι, καὶ κοσμῆσαι τῇ τε κατασκευῇ τοῦ νεὼ καὶ τῷ πλήθει τῶν ἀναθημάτων.
τὴν δὲ θεὸν διά τε τὴν ἀπὸ τῶν ἐγχωρίων εὐσέβειαν καὶ διὰ τὴν ἀπὸ τοῦ τεκνωθέντος υἱοῦ τιμὴν ἀγαπῆσαι περιττότερον τὴν πόλιν· διόπερ αὐτὴν Ἀφροδίτην Ἐρυκίνην ὀνομασθῆναι. θαυμάσαι δʼ ἄν τις εἰκότως ἀναλογισάμενος τὴν περὶ τὸ ἱερὸν τοῦτο γενομένην δόξαν·
τὰ μὲν γὰρ ἄλλα τεμένη ἀνθήσαντα ταῖς δόξαις πολλάκις διὰ περιστάσεις τινὰς τεταπείνωται, μόνον δὲ τοῦτο τῶν ἐξ αἰῶνος ἀρχὴν λαβὸν οὐδέποτε διέλιπε τιμώμενον, ἀλλὰ καὶ τοὐναντίον ἀεὶ διετέλεσε πολλῆς τυγχάνον αὐξήσεως.
But as regards Aristaeus we shall rest content with what has been said, and we shall next endeavour to set forth what relates to Daphnis and Eryx. This is what is told of them: Eryx was a son of Aphroditê and Butas, a certain native king of Sicily of very great fame, and he was admired by the natives because of his noble birth on his mother’s side and became king over a part of the island. He also founded a notable city which bore his name; it was set upon a lofty place, and on the highest point within the city he established a shrine of his mother, which he embellished not only with a beautifully built temple, but also with the multitude of his dedications. The goddess, both because of the reverence which the inhabitants of the region paid to her and because of the honour which she received from the son whom she had borne, displayed an exceptional love for the city, and for this reason she came to be called Erycinian Aphroditê. And a man may well be filled with wonder when he stops to sum up the fame which has gathered about this shrine; all other sanctuaries have indeed enjoyed a flush of fame, but frequently sundry happenings have brought them low, whereas this is the only temple which, founded as it was at the beginning of time, not only has never failed to be the object of veneration but, on the contrary, has as time went on ever continued to enjoy great growth.
μετὰ γὰρ τὰς προειρημένας ὑπʼ Ἔρυκος τιμὰς ὕστερον Αἰνείας ὁ Ἀφροδίτης πλέων εἰς Ἰταλίαν καὶ προσορμισθεὶς τῇ νήσῳ πολλοῖς ἀναθήμασι τὸ ἱερόν, ὡς ἂν ἰδίας μητρὸς ὑπάρχον, ἐκόσμησε· μετὰ δὲ τοῦτον ἐπὶ πολλὰς γενεὰς τιμῶντες οἱ Σικανοὶ τὴν θεὸν θυσίαις τε μεγαλοπρεπέσι συνεχῶς καὶ ἀναθήμασιν ἐκόσμουν· μετὰ δὲ ταῦτα Καρχηδόνιοι, μέρους τῆς Σικελίας κυριεύσαντες, οὐ διέλιπον τιμῶντες τὴν θεὸν διαφερόντως. τὸ δὲ τελευταῖον Ῥωμαῖοι, πάσης Σικελίας κρατήσαντες, ὑπερεβάλοντο πάντας τοὺς πρὸ αὐτῶν ταῖς εἰς ταύτην τιμαῖς.
καὶ τοῦτο εἰκότως ἐποίουν· τὸ γὰρ γένος εἰς ταύτην ἀναπέμποντες, καὶ διὰ τοῦτο ἐν ταῖς πράξεσιν ἐπιτυχεῖς ὄντες, τὴν αἰτίαν τῆς αὐξήσεως ἠμείβοντο ταῖς προσηκούσαις χάρισι καὶ τιμαῖς.
οἱ μὲν γὰρ καταντῶντες εἰς τὴν νῆσον ὕπατοι καὶ στρατηγοὶ καὶ πάντες οἱ μετά τινος ἐξουσίας ἐπιδημοῦντες, ἐπειδὰν εἰς τὸν Ἔρυκα παραβάλωσι, μεγαλοπρεπέσι θυσίαις καὶ τιμαῖς κοσμοῦσι τὸ τέμενος, καὶ τὸ σκυθρωπὸν τῆς ἐξουσίας ἀποθέμενοι μεταβάλλουσιν εἰς παιδιὰς καὶ γυναικῶν ὁμιλίας μετὰ πολλῆς ἱλαρότητος, μόνως οὕτω νομίζοντες κεχαρισμένην τῇ θεῷ ποιήσειν τὴν ἑαυτῶν παρουσίαν·
ἥ τε σύγκλητος τῶν Ῥωμαίων εἰς τὰς τῆς θεοῦ τιμὰς φιλοτιμηθεῖσα τὰς μὲν πιστοτάτας τῶν κατὰ τὴν Σικελίαν πόλεων οὔσας ἑπτακαίδεκα χρυσοφορεῖν ἐδογμάτισε τῇ Ἀφροδίτῃ καὶ στρατιώτας διακοσίους τηρεῖν τὸ ἱερόν. καὶ περὶ μὲν Ἐρυκος εἰ καὶ πεπλεονάκαμεν, ἀλλʼ οὖν οἰκείαν πεποιήμεθα τὴν περὶ τῆς θεᾶς
For after Eryx has bestowed upon it the honours we have described, Aeneas, the son of Aphroditê, when at a later time he was on his way to Italy and came to anchor off the island, embellished the sanctuary, since it was that of his own mother, with many votive offerings; after him the Sicanians paid honour to the goddess for many generations and kept continually embellishing it with both magnificent sacrifices and votive offerings; and after that time the Carthaginians, when they had become the masters of a part of Sicily, never failed to hold the goddess in special honour. And last of all the Romans, when they had subdued all Sicily, surpassed all people who had preceded them in the honours they paid to her. And it was with good reason that they did so, for since they traced back their ancestry to her and for this reason were successful in their undertakings, they were but requiting her who was the cause of their aggrandisement with such expressions of gratitude and honours as they owed to her. The consuls and praetors, for instance, who visit the island and all Romans who sojourn there clothed with any authority, whenever they come to Eryx, embellish the sanctuary with magnificent sacrifices and honours, and laying aside the austerity of their authority, they enter into sports and have conversation with women in a spirit of great gaiety, believing that only in this way will they make their presence there pleasing to the goddess. Indeed the Roman senate has so zealously concerned itself with the honours of the goddess that it has decreed that the seventeen cities of Sicily which are most faithful to Rome shall pay a tax in gold to Aphroditê, and that two hundred soldiers shall serve as a guard of her shrine.
Now if we have dwelt over-long on the topic of Eryx, we have at least given an account of the goddess such as was rightly her due.
ἀπαγγελίαν· νυνὶ δὲ περὶ Δάφνιδος πειρασόμεθα διελθεῖν τὰ μυθολογούμενα. Ἡραῖα γὰρ ὄρη κατὰ τὴν Σικελίαν ἐστίν, ἅ φασι κάλλει τε καὶ φύσει καὶ τόπων ἰδιότησι πρὸς θερινὴν ἄνεσιν καὶ ἀπόλαυσιν εὖ πεφυκέναι. πολλάς τε γὰρ πηγὰς ἔχειν τῇ γλυκύτητι τῶν ὑδάτων διαφόρους καὶ δένδρεσι παντοίοις πεπληρῶσθαι. εἶναι δὲ καὶ δρυῶν μεγάλων πλῆθος, φερουσῶν καρπὸν τῷ μεγέθει διαλλάττοντα, διπλασιάζοντα τῶν ἐν ταῖς ἄλλαις χώραις φυομένων. ἔχειν δὲ καὶ τῶν ἡμέρων καρπῶν αὐτομάτων, ἀμπέλου τε πολλῆς φυομένης καὶ μήλων ἀμυθήτου πλήθους.
διὸ καὶ στρατόπεδόν ποτε Καρχηδονίων ὑπὸ λιμοῦ πιεζόμενον διαθρέψαι, παρεχομένων τῶν ὀρῶν πολλαῖς μυριάσι χορηγίας εἰς τροφὴν ἀνέκλειπτον. ἐν ταύτῃ δὲ τῇ χώρᾳ συναγκείας δένδρων οὔσης θεοπρεποῦς καὶ Νύμφαις. ἄλσους ἀνειμένου μυθολογοῦσι γεννηθῆναι τὸν ὀνομαζόμενον Δάφνιν, Ἑρμοῦ μὲν καὶ Νύμφης υἱόν, ἀπὸ δὲ τοῦ πλήθους καὶ τῆς πυκνότητος τῆς φυομένης δάφνης ὠνομάσθαι Δάφνιν.
τοῦτον δʼ ὑπὸ Νυμφῶν τραφέντα, καὶ βοῶν ἀγέλας παμπληθεῖς κεκτημένον, τούτων ποιεῖσθαι πολλὴν ἐπιμέλειαν· ἀφʼ ἧς αἰτίας βουκόλον αὐτὸν ὀνομασθῆναι. φύσει δὲ διαφόρῳ πρὸς εὐμέλειαν κεχορηγημένον ἐξευρεῖν τὸ βουκολικὸν ποίημα καὶ μέλος, ὃ μέχρι τοῦ νῦν κατὰ τὴν Σικελίαν τυγχάνει διαμένον ἐν ἀποδοχῇ.
At this time we shall endeavour to set forth what the myths relate concerning Daphnis. There are in Sicily, namely, the Heraean Mountains, which, men say, are naturally well suited, by reason of the beauty and special character of the region round about, to relaxation and enjoyment in the summer season. For they possess many springs of exceptionally sweet water and are full of trees of every description. On them also is a multitude of great oak-trees which bear fruit of extraordinary size, since it is twice as large as any that grows in other lands. And they possess as well some of the cultivated fruits, which have sprung up of their own accord, since the vine is found there in profusion and tree-fruits in quantities beyond telling. Consequently the area once supported a Carthaginian army when it was facing starvation, the mountains supplying many tens of thousands of soldiers with sources of food for their unfailing sustenance.
It was in this region, where there were glens filled with trees and meet for a god and a grove consecrated to the Nymphs, that, as the myths relate, he who was known as Daphnis was born, a son of Hermes and a Nymph, and he, because of the sweet bay (daphnê) which grew there in such profusion and so thick, was given the name Daphnis. He was reared by Nymphs, and since he possessed very many herds of cattle and gave great attention to their care, he was for this reason called by the name Bucolus or “Neatherd.” And being endowed with an unusual gift of song, he invented the bucolic or pastoral poem and the bucolic song which continues to be so popular throughout Sicily to the present day.
μυθολογοῦσι δὲ τὸν Δάφνιν μετὰ τῆς Ἀρτέμιδος κυνηγεῖν ὑπηρετοῦντα τῇ θεῷ κεχαρισμένως, καὶ διὰ τῆς σύριγγος καὶ βουκολικῆς μελῳδίας τέρπειν αὐτὴν διαφερόντως. λέγουσι δʼ αὐτοῦ μίαν τῶν Νυμφῶν ἐρασθεῖσαν προειπεῖν, ἐὰν ἄλλῃ τινὶ πλησιάσῃ, στερήσεσθαι τῆς ὁράσεως· κἀκεῖνον ὑπό τινος θυγατρὸς βασιλέως καταμεθυσθέντα, καὶ πλησιάσαντα αὐτῇ, στερηθῆναι τῆς ὁράσεως κατὰ τὴν γεγενημένην ὑπὸ τῆς Νύμφης πρόρρησιν. καὶ περὶ μὲν Δάφνιδος ἱκανῶς ἡμῖν
The myths add that Daphnis accompanied Artemis in her hunting, serving the goddess in an acceptable manner, and that with his shepherd’s pipe and singing of pastoral songs he pleased her exceedingly. The story is also told the one of the Nymphs became enamoured of him and prophesied to him that if he lay with any other woman he would be deprived of his sight; and indeed, when once he had been made drunken by a daughter of a king and had lain with her, he was deprived of his sight in accordance with the prophecy delivered by the Nymph. As for Daphnis, then, let what we have said suffice.
εἰρήσθω, περὶ δὲ Ὠρίωνος τὰ μυθολογούμενα νῦν διέξιμεν. λέγεται γὰρ τοῦτον σώματος μεγέθει καὶ ῥώμῃ πολὺ τῶν μνημονευομένων ἡρώων ὑπεράγοντα φιλοκύνηγον γενέσθαι καὶ κατασκευάσαι μεγάλα ἔργα διὰ τὴν ἰσχὺν καὶ φιλοδοξίαν. κατὰ μὲν γὰρ τὴν Σικελίαν κατασκευάσαι Ζάγκλῳ τῷ τότε βασιλεύοντι τῆς τότε μὲν ἀπʼ αὐτοῦ Ζάγκλης, νῦν δὲ Μεσσήνης ὀνομαζομένης, ἄλλα τε καὶ τὸν λιμένα προσχώσαντα τὴν ὀνομαζομένην Ἀκτὴν ποιῆσαι.
ἐπεὶ δὲ τῆς Μεσσήνης ἐμνήσθημεν, οὐκ ἀνοίκειον προσθεῖναι νομίζομεν τοὶς προκειμένοις τὰς περὶ τὸν πορθμὸν διηγήδεις.
φασὶ γὰρ οἱ παλαιοὶ μυθογράφοι τὴν Σικελίαν τὸ πρὸ τοῦ χερρόνησον οὖσαν ὕστερον γενέσθαι νῆσον διὰ τοιαύτας αἰτίας. τὸν ἰσθμὸν κατὰ τὸ στενώτατον ὑπὸ δυοῖν πλευρῶν θαλάττῃ προσκλυζόμενον ἀναρραγῆναι, καὶ τὸν τόπον ἀπὸ τούτου Ῥήγιον ὀνομασθῆναι, καὶ τὴν ὕστερον πολλοῖς ἔτεσι κτισθεῖσαν πόλιν τυχεῖν τῆς ὁμωνύμου προσηγορίας.
ἔνιοι δὲ λέγουσι σεισμῶν μεγάλων γενομένων διαρραγῆναι τὸν αὐχένα τῆς ἠπείρου, καὶ γενέσθαι τὸν πορθμὸν διειργούσης τῆς θαλάττης τὴν ἤπειρον ἀπὸ τῆς νήσου.
We shall now recount what the myths relate about Orion. The story runs like this: Orion, far surpassing in size and strength of body all the heroes of whom we have record, was a lover of the chase and the builder of mighty works by reason of his great strength and love of glory. In Sicily, for instance, for Zanclus, who was king at that time of the city which was called at that time after him Zanclê, but now Messenê, he built certain works, and among them he formed the harbour by throwing up a mole and made the Actê, as it is called. And since we have mentioned Messenê we think it will not be foreign to our purpose to add to what has been set forth thus far what men have written about the Strait. The ancient mythographers, that is, say that Sicily was originally a peninsula, and that afterward it became an island, the cause being somewhat as follows. The isthmus at its narrowest point was subjected to the dash of the waves of the sea on its two sides and so a gap (rhegma) was made (anarrhegnusthai), and for this reason the spot was named rhegion, and the city which was founded many years later received the same appellation as the place. Some men say, however, that mighty earthquakes took place and the neck of what was the mainland was broken through, and in this way the Strait was formed, since the sea now separated the mainland from the island.
Ἡσίοδος δʼ ὁ ποιητής φησι τοὐναντίον ἀναπεπταμένου τοῦ πελάγους Ὠρίωνα προσχῶσαι τὸ κατὰ τὴν Πελωρίδα κείμενον ἀκρωτήριον, καὶ τὸ τέμενος τοῦ Ποσειδῶνος κατασκευάσαι, τιμώμενον ὑπὸ τῶν ἐγχωρίων διαφερόντως· ταῦτα δὲ διαπραξάμενον εἰς Εὔβοιαν μεταναστῆναι κἀκεῖ κατοικῆσαι· διὰ δὲ τὴν δόξαν ἐν τοῖς κατʼ οὐρανὸν ἄστροις καταριθμηθέντα τυχεῖν ἀθανάτου μνήμης.
περὶ οὗ καὶ ὁ ποιητὴς Ὅμηρος ἐν τῇ Νεκυίᾳ μιμνησκόμενός φησι τὸν δὲ μέτʼ Ὠρίωνα πελώριον εἰσενόησα θῆρας ὁμοῦ εἰλεῦντα κατʼ ἀσφοδελὸν λειμῶνα, οὓς αὐτὸς κατέπεφνεν ἐν οἰοπόλοισιν ὄρεσσι, χερσὶν ἔχων ῥόπαλον παγχάλκεον, αἰὲν ἀαγές.
ὁμοίως δὲ καὶ περὶ τοῦ μεγέθους ἐμφανίζων, καὶ προεκθέμενος τὰ περὶ τοὺς Ἀλῳάδας, ὅτι ἐνναετεῖς ἦσαν τὸ μὲν εὖρος πηχῶν ἐννέα, τὸ δὲ μῆκος τῶν ἴσων ὀργυιῶν, ἐπιφέρει τοὺς δὴ μηκίστους θρέψε ζείδωρος ἄρουρα καὶ πολὺ καλλίστους μετά γε κλυτὸν Ὠρίωνα. ἡμεῖς δὲ κατὰ τὴν ἐν ἀρχῇ πρόθεσιν περὶ τῶν ἡρώων καὶ ἡμιθέων ἀρκούντως εἰρηκότες αὐτοῦ περιγράψομεν τήνδε τὴν βίβλον.
But the poet Hesiod states the very opposite, namely, that when the sea extended itself in between, Orion built out the headland which lies at Peloris and also erected there the sanctuary of Poseidon which is held in special honour by the natives; after he had finished these works he removed to Euboea and made his home there; and then, because of his fame, he was numbered among the stars of heaven and thus won for himself important remembrance. And he is also mentioned by the poet Homer in his “Necuia” when he says:
And after him I marked Orion huge,
Driving wild beasts together o’er the mead
Of asphodel, the beasts that he himself
Had slain on lonely hills; and in his hands
He held a mace, ever unbroken, all
Of bronze.
Likewise, to show forth also his great size, whereas he had spoken before of the Aloiadae, that at nine years of age they were nine cubits in breadth and an equal number of fathoms in height, he adds:
These were the tallest men that ever earth,
Giver of grain, did rear, and goodliest
By far, save for Orion, famed abroad.
But for our part, since we have spoken, in accordance with the plan which we announced at the beginning, at sufficient length about the heroes and demigods, at this point we shall close the present Book.
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