Pindar · Pythian Odes Πυθιονῖκαι

Pindar, Pythian Odes 11.1–64: Pythian 11: for Thrasydaeus — Orestes and Agamemnon

Pindar invites the daughters of Cadmus to honour Thrasydaeus of Thebes, victor in the boys' foot-race, and then tells how Orestes was rescued by his nurse after Clytaemnestra killed Agamemnon and Cassandra, how he reached Strophius, and how he later killed his mother and Aegisthus. He asks whether a wind has blown him off course, like a traveller at a fork in the road, and returns to the glory of Thrasydaeus and his father. The ode ends with a prayer to Iolaüs and to Castor and Polydeuces, who live alternately at Therapne and on Olympus.

Lines 11.1–64 · 700 words · click a number to copy its link
1Κάδμου κόραι, Σεμέλα μὲν Ὀλυμπιάδων ἀγυιᾶτις, Ἰνώ τε Λευκοθέα ποντιᾶν ὁμοθάλαμε Νηρηΐδων, ἴτε σὺν Ἡρακλέος ἀριστογόνῳ ματρὶ πὰρ Μελίαν χρυσέων ἐς ἄδυτον τριπόδων 5θησαυρόν, ὃν περίαλλʼ ἐτίμασε Λοξίας, Ἰσμήνιον δʼ ὀνύμαξεν, ἀλαθέα μαντίων θῶκον, ὦ παῖδες Ἁρμονίας, ἔνθα καί νυν ἐπίνομον ἡρωΐδων στρατὸν ὁμαγερέα καλεῖ συνίμεν, ὄφρα Θέμιν ἱερὰν Πυθῶνά τε καὶ ὀρθοδίκαν 10γᾶς ὀμφαλὸν κελαδήσετʼ ἄκρᾳ σὺν ἑσπέρᾳ, ἑπταπύλοισι Θήβαις χάριν ἀγῶνί τε Κίρρας, ἐν τῷ Θρασυδαῖος ἔμνασεν ἑστίαν τρίτον ἐπὶ στέφανον πατρῴαν βαλών, 15ἐν ἀφνεαῖς ἀρούραισι Πυλάδα νικῶν ξένου Λάκωνος Ὀρέστα. τὸν δὴ φονευομένου πατρὸς Ἀρσινόα Κλυταιμνήστρας

Ye daughters of Cadmus, Semelé that dwellest beside the Olympian gods, and Ino Leucothea, that sharest the chamber of the Nereid sea-nymphs, come with the nobly born mother of Heracles to the presence of Melia! Come to the inmost treasure-house of the golden tripods, the treasure-house which Loxias honoured supremely and named the Ismenian shrine, the seat of truthful oracles. Come, ye children of Harmonia, where Loxias biddeth the host of heroines assemble to visit the shrine, that so at nightfall ye may sing the praises of holy Themis and Pytho and the centre of the world that judgeth rightly, in honour of seven-gated Thebes and the contest at Cirrha, in which Thrasydaeus caused his ancestral home to be remembered by flinging over it a third wreath, as victor in the rich fields of Pylades, the friend of Laconian Orestes. Orestes, in sooth, at the slaying of his father, was received by his nurse Arsinoé from the strong hands of Clytaemnéstra and from her direful treachery,

18χειρῶν ὕπο κρατερᾶν ἐκ δόλου τροφὸς ἄνελε δυσπενθέος, ὁπότε Δαρδανίδα κόραν Πριάμου 20Κασσάνδραν πολιῷ χαλκῷ σὺν Ἀγαμεμνονίᾳ ψυχᾷ πόρευσʼ Ἀχέροντος ἀκτὰν παρʼ εὔσκιον νηλὴς γυνά. πότερόν νιν ἄρʼ Ἰφιγένειʼ ἐπʼ Εὐρίπῳ σφαχθεῖσα τῆλε πάτρας ἔκνισεν βαρυπάλαμον ὄρσαι χόλον; ἢ ἑτέρῳ λέχεϊ δαμαζομέναν 25ἔννυχοι πάραγον κοῖται; τὸ δὲ νέαις ἀλόχοις ἔχθιστον ἀμπλάκιον καλύψαι τʼ ἀμάχανον ἀλλοτρίαισι γλώσσαις· κακολόγοι δὲ πολῖται. ἴσχει τε γὰρ ὄλβος οὐ μείονα φθόνον· 30ὁ δὲ χαμηλὰ πνέων ἄφαντον βρέμει. θάνεν μὲν αὐτὸς ἥρως Ἀτρεΐδας ἵκων χρόνῳ κλυταῖς ἐν Ἀμύκλαις, μάντιν τʼ ὄλεσσε κόραν, ἐπεὶ ἀμφʼ Ἑλένᾳ πυρωθέντων Τρώων ἔλυσε δόμους ἁβρότατος. ὁ δʼ ἄρα γέροντα ξένον 35Στρόφιον ἐξίκετο, νέα κεφαλά, Παρνασοῦ πόδα ναίοντʼ· ἀλλὰ χρονίῳ σὺν Ἄρει πέφνεν τε ματέρα θῆκέ τʼ Αἴγισθον ἐν φοναῖς. ἦ ῥʼ, ὦ φίλοι, κατʼ ἀμευσιπόρους τριόδους ἐδινήθην,

what time that ruthless woman with gray blade of bronze, sped Cassandra, the Dardan daughter of Priam. Together with the soul of Agamemnon, to the shadowy shore of Acheron. Was it haply the slaughter of Iphigeneia at the Euripus, far from her fatherland, that goaded her to the arousal of heavy-handed wrath? or was it that nightly couching® led her astray, when seduced by her union to another lord ?—a sin for newly wedded wives, most hateful and impossible to dissemble by reason of alien tongues; and even fellow-townsmen are apt to speak evil. For prosperity is envied to its full height, while the man of humble aspirations murmureth unobserved. The heroic son of Atreus, on his return after long absence, was himself slain in famous Amyclae, and he caused the destruction of the prophetic maiden, when he bereft of luxury the halls of the Trojans, who were visited by fire for the sake of Helen; while Orestes, the young child, safely reached Strophius, the aged friend of the house, who dwelt at the foot of Parnassus—Orestes, who, with the tardy help of Ares, slew his mother, and laid Aegisthus low in gore. Verily, my friends, have I been in a whirl of confusion at the point where one road changeth into two,

39ὀρθὰν κέλευθον ἰὼν τὸ πρίν· ἤ μέ τις ἄνεμος ἔξω πλόου 40ἔβαλεν, ὡς ὅτʼ ἄκατον εἰναλίαν; Μοῖσα, τὸ δὲ τεόν, εἰ μισθοῖο συνέθευ παρέχειν φωνὰν ὑπάργυρον, ἄλλοτʼ ἄλλᾳ ταρασσέμεν ἢ πατρὶ Πυθονίκῳ τό γέ νυν ἢ Θρασυδαίῳ· 45τῶν εὐφροσύνα τε καὶ δόξʼ ἐπιφλέγει. τὰ μὲν ἐν ἅρμασι καλλίνικοι πάλαι, Ὀλυμπίᾳ ἀγώνων πολυφάτων ἔσχον θοὰν ἀκτῖνα σὺν ἵπποις· Πυθοῖ τε γυμνὸν ἐπὶ στάδιον καταβάντες ἤλεγξαν 50Ἑλλανίδα στρατιὰν ὠκύτατι. θεόθεν ἐραίμαν καλῶν, δυνατὰ μαιόμενος ἐν ἁλικίᾳ. τῶν γὰρ ἂμ πόλιν εὑρίσκων τὰ μέσα μακροτέρῳ ὄλβῳ τεθαλότα, μέμφομʼ αἶσαν τυραννίδων· ξυναῖσι δʼ ἀμφʼ ἀρεταῖς τέταμαι. φθονεροὶ δʼ ἀμύνονται 55ἆται, εἴ τις ἄκρον ἑλὼν ἁσυχᾶ τε νεμόμενος αἰνὰν ὕβριν

although, aforetime, I was keeping to the right track ; or, haply, some breeze hath cast me out of my course, as though it had caught a skiff upon the sea. But, as thou, my Muse, didst bind thyself to lend thy tongue for fee of silver, thou must needs suffer it to flit, now one way, now another,—now to the father, who was victor at Pytho, now to his son, Thrasydaeus. For their glory and their good cheer shineth as one, with lustre new. Some prizes did they win of old, as famous victors in the chariot-race, when, from the noble contests at Olympia, they gat them glory for speed with their horses ; and again, at Pytho, when they went down into the lists of the stripped runners, they put to shame the Hellenic host by reason of their swiftness of foot. May the gods inspire my love for things fair, while, in the bloom of my life, I am eager only for that which is within my power. For of all the orders in the State, I find that the middle rank flourisheth with a more enduring prosperity, and I condemn the lot of tyrannies. I am eager for those virtues that serve the folk, but envious mischief-makers are warded off, if anyone, who hath won the highest place and

56ἀπέφυγεν· μέλανος ἂν ἐσχατιὰν καλλίονα θανάτου στείχοι , γλυκυτάτᾳ γενεᾷ εὐώνυμον κτεάνων κρατίσταν χάριν πορών. ἅ τε τὸν Ἰφικλείδαν 60διαφέρει Ἰόλαον ὑμνητὸν ἐόντα, καὶ Κάστορος βίαν, σέ τε, ἄναξ Πολύδευκες, υἱοὶ θεῶν, τὸ μὲν παρʼ ἆμαρ ἕδραισι Θεράπνας, τὸ δʼ οἰκέοντας ἔνδον Ὀλύμπου.

dwelleth in peace, avoideth fell insolence. Such a man would march to the utmost verge of dark death, —death that is all the fairer because he hath left to his dearest offspring the grace of a good name, the best of all treasures. Such is the grace that spreadeth- abroad the fame of Iolaüs, son of Iphiclés, who is hymned in story, aye and of the mighty Castor, and of thee, king Polydeucés, ye sons of the gods—ye that dwell, for one day, in the homes of Therapné, and, for the other, within the halls of Olympus.

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English translation by Sir John Sandys (1915). Original text: Sir John Sandys (ed.), The Odes of Pindar, Loeb Classical Library, London: Heinemann; New York: Putnam, 1915 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus from the 1937 reprint).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library, Greek text); translation public domain (OCR from the Internet Archive scan). Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.