Pindar · Pythian Odes Πυθιονῖκαι

Pindar, Pythian Odes 12.1–32: Pythian 12: for Midas — Perseus, Medusa and the flute

Pindar praises Acragas and Midas, flute-player and Pythian victor, and tells how Perseus cut off the head of Medusa and blinded the brood of Phorcus, freeing his mother from Polydectes. He says that Athena made the many-voiced music of the flute to echo the lament of the Gorgons, and gave it to mortals for their contests. The ode ends with the reflection that without toil there is no success, and that fortune is unforeseen.

Lines 12.1–32 · 362 words · click a number to copy its link
1αἰτέω σε, φιλάγλαε, καλλίστα βροτεᾶν πολίων, Φερσεφόνας ἕδος, ἅ τʼ ὄχθαις ἔπι μηλοβότου ναίεις Ἀκράγαντος ἐΰδματον κολώναν, ὦ ἄνα, ἵλαος ἀθανάτων ἀνδρῶν τε σὺν εὐμενίᾳ 5δέξαι στεφάνωμα τόδʼ ἐκ Πυθῶνος εὐδόξῳ Μίδᾳ, αὐτόν τέ νιν Ἑλλάδα νικάσαντα τέχνᾳ, τάν ποτε Παλλὰς ἐφεῦρε θρασειᾶν Γοργόνων οὔλιον θρῆνον διαπλέξαισʼ Ἀθάνα· τὸν παρθενίοις ὑπό τʼ ἀπλάτοις ὀφίων κεφαλαῖς 10ἄϊε λειβόμενον δυσπενθέϊ σὺν καμάτῳ, Περσεὺς ὁπότε τρίτον ἄνυσσεν κασιγνητᾶν μέρος, εἰναλίᾳ τε Σερίφῳ λαοῖσί τε μοῖραν ἄγων. ἤτοι τό τε θεσπέσιον Φόρκοιο μαύρωσεν γένος, λυγρόν τʼ ἔρανον Πολυδέκτᾳ θῆκε ματρός τʼ ἔμπεδον

Lover of splendour, fairest of mortal cities, home of Persephoné! thou that inhabitest the hill of noble dwellings above the banks, where feed the sheep beside the stream of Acragas! I beseech thee, O queen, along with the kindly favour of gods and men, graciously to welcome, at the hands of renowned Midas, this coronal from Pytho. I beseech thee also to welcome himself, as champion over all Hellas in that art, which Pallas Athéné invented when she wove into music the dismal death-dirge of the Gorgons bold,—the dirge, that Perseus heard, while it was poured forth, amid direful woe, from beneath those maidens’ awful serpent-heads, what time he did to death the third of those sisters three, ! on the day when he brought doom on sea-girt Seriphus and its people. Verily, he reft of eye-sight the wondrous brood of Phorcus, and made Polydectés bitterly rue his levying of gifts, and the mother’s

15δουλοσύναν τό τʼ ἀναγκαῖον λέχος, εὐπαράου κρᾶτα συλάσαις Μεδοίσας υἱὸς Δανάας· τὸν ἀπὸ χρυσοῦ φαμεν αὐτορύτου ἔμμεναι. ἀλλʼ ἐπεὶ ἐκ τούτων φίλον ἄνδρα πόνων ἐρρύσατο, παρθένος αὐλῶν τεῦχε πάμφωνον μέλος, 20ὄφρα τὸν Εὐρυάλας ἐκ καρπαλιμᾶν γενύων χριμφθέντα σὺν ἔντεσι μιμήσαιτʼ ἐρικλάγκταν γόον. εὗρεν θεός· ἀλλά νιν εὑροῖσʼ ἀνδράσι θνατοῖς ἔχειν, ὠνόμασεν κεφαλᾶν πολλᾶν νόμον, εὐκλεᾶ λαοσσόων μναστῆρʼ ἀγώνων, 25λεπτοῦ διανισσόμενον χαλκοῦ θαμὰ καὶ δονάκων, τοὶ παρὰ καλλιχόρῳ ναίοισι πόλει Χαρίτων. Καφισίδος ἐν τεμένει, πιστοὶ χορευτᾶν μάρτυρες. εἰ δέ τις ὄλβος ἐν ἀνθρώποισιν, ἄνευ καμάτου οὐ φαίνεται· ἐκ δὲ τελευτάσει νιν ἤτοι σάμερον 30δαίμων—τὸ δὲ μόρσιμον οὐ παρφυκτόν,—ἀλλʼ ἔσται χρόνος οὗτος, ὃ καί τινʼ ἀελπτίᾳ βαλὼν ἔμπαλιν γνώμας τὸ μὲν δώσει, τὸ δʼ οὔπω.

long slavery and enforced wedlock, when the head of the fair-faced Medusa was carried off by that son of Danaé, by him who, we aver, was begotten of a shower of gold. But, when the maiden goddess had released her liegeman from these labours, she essayed to invent the many-voiced music of flutes, that so, by aid of music, she might imitate the cry exceeding shrill that burst from the ravening jaws of Euryalé. “Twas the goddess that found it: but, when she had found it for the use of mortal men, she called it the “ many-headed tune,” that glorious incentive to contests, where the folk foregather,—that tune, which swelleth forth from the thin plate of brass, and from the reeds which grow beside the fair city of the Graces, in the holy ground of the nymph of Céphisus, to be the true witnesses to the dancers. But, if there be any bliss among mortal men, it doth not reveal itself without toil; yet a god may bring that bliss to an end, verily, even to-day. That which is fated cannot be fled; but a time shall come which, smiting with a stroke that is unforeseen, shall grant one boon beyond all hope, but shall withhold another.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Sir John Sandys (1915). Original text: Sir John Sandys (ed.), The Odes of Pindar, Loeb Classical Library, London: Heinemann; New York: Putnam, 1915 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus from the 1937 reprint).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library, Greek text); translation public domain (OCR from the Internet Archive scan). Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.