Lycophron · Alexandra Ἀλεξάνδρα

Lycophron, Alexandra 541–693: Alexandra 541–693: Quarrelling cousins, the leaders' settlements in the West, and one man's wanderings

The men at the banquet first tear at each other with jeers and then, as cousins, take up the spear, and two pairs fall, Hades receiving one pair while the other brothers are welcomed to Olympos on alternate days, undying and dead. Cassandra foretells the wanderings of many other leaders, among them Cepheus and Praxandrus, a leader who founds Argyrippa while his comrades are turned into birds, men who sail to the Gymnesian rocks as slingers, and others who reach Iberia and Libya. One man, the sole survivor of his friends, is carried past the one-eyed lion, Charybdis, enchanting nightingales and a dragoness who turns men into swine, and at last goes down to the dark plain of the dead to consult the ancient seer.

Lines 541–693 · 1405 words · click a number to copy its link
541μέλλοντες, ἔν τε δαιτὶ καὶ θαλυσίοις λοιβαῖσι μειλίσσωσιν ἀστεργῆ Κράγον, θήσει βαρὺν κολῳὸν ἐν λέσχαις μέσον. καὶ πρῶτα μὲν μύθοισιν ἀλλήλους ὀδὰξ 545βρύξουσι κηκασμοῖσιν ὠκριωμένοι, αὖθις δʼ ἐναιχμάσουσιν αὐτανέψιοι, ἀνεψιαῖς ὄρνισι χραισμῆσαι γάμους βιαιοκλῶπας ἁρπαγάς τε συγγόνων χρῄζοντες, ἀλφῆς τῆς ἀεδνώτου δίκην. 550ἦ πολλὰ δὴ βέλεμνα Κνηκιὼν πόρος ῥιφέντα τόλμαις αἰετῶν ἐπόψεται, ἄπιστα καὶ θαμβητὰ Φηραίοις κλύειν. ὁ μὲν κρανείᾳ κοῖλον οὐτάσας στύπος φηγοῦ κελαινῆς διπτύχων ἕνα φθερεῖ, 555λέοντα ταύρῳ συμβαλόντα φύλοπιν. ὁ δʼ αὖ σιγύμνῳ πλεύρʼ ἀναρρήξας βοὸς κλινεῖ πρὸς οὖδας. τῷ δὲ δευτέραν ἔπι πληγὴν ἀθαμβὴς κριὸς ἐγκορύψεται, ἄγαλμα πήλας τῶν Ἀμυκλαίων τάφων. 560ὁμοῦ δὲ χαλκὸς καὶ κεραύνιοι βολαὶ ταύρους καταξανοῦσιν, ὧν ἀλκὴν ἑνὸς οὐδʼ ὁ Σκιαστὴς Ὀρχιεὺς Τιλφούσιος ἐμέμψατʼ, ἐν χάρμαισι ῥαιβώσας κέρας. καὶ τοὺς μὲν Ἅιδης, τοὺς δʼ Ὀλύμπιοι πλάκες 565παρʼ ἦμαρ αἰεὶ δεξιώσονται ξένους, φιλαυθομαίμους, ἀφθίτους τε καὶ φθιτούς.

And first in words they shall tear each other with their teeth, exasperate with jeers; but anon the own cousins shall ply the spear, eager to prevent the violent rape of their cousin birds, and the carrying off of their kin, in vengeance for the traffic without gifts of wooing. Surely many a shaft shall the stream of Cnacion behold hurled by the daring of the eagles, incredible and marvellous for the Pheraeans to hear. One with his spear of cornel-wood shall smite the hollow trunk of the black oak and shall slay one of the pair—a lion joining battle with a bull. The other in turn with his lance shall pierce the side of the ox and bring him to the ground. But against him the undaunted ram shall] butt a second blow, hurling the headstone of the Amyclaean tomb. And bronze spear and thunderbolts together shall crush the bulls ——whereof one had such valour as even Sciastes Orchieus, Lord of Tilphossa, did not scorn, when he bent his bow in battle. And the one pair Hades shall receive: the others the meadows of Olympus shall welcome as guests on every alternate day, brothers of mutual love, undying and dead.

567καὶ τῶν μὲν ἡμῖν εὐνάσει δαίμων δόρυ, βαιόν τι μῆχαρ ἐν κακοῖς δωρούμενος. ἄλλων δʼ ἄπλατον χειρὶ κινήσει νέφος, 570ὧν οὐδʼ ὁ Ῥοιοῦς ἶνις εὐνάζων μένος σχήσει, τὸν ἐννέωρον ἐν νήσῳ χρόνον μίμνειν ἀνώγων, θεσφάτοις πεπεισμένους, τροφὴν δʼ ἀμεμφῆ πᾶσι τριπτύχους κόρας ἴσκων παρέξειν, Κυνθίαν ὅσοι σκοπὴν 575μίμνοντες ἠλάσκουσιν Ἰνωποῦ πέλας, Αἰγύπτιον Τρίτωνος ἕλκοντες ποτόν. ἃς δὴ Πρόβλαστος ἐξεπαίδευσε θρασὺς μυληφάτου χιλοῖο δαιδαλευτρίας ἕρπιν τε ῥέζειν ἠδʼ ἀλοιφαῖον λίπος, 580οἰνοτρόπους Ζάρηκος ἐκγόνους φάβας. αἳ καὶ στρατοῦ βούπειναν ὀθνείων κυνῶν τρύχουσαν ἀλθανοῦσιν, ἐλθοῦσαί ποτε Σιθῶνος εἰς θυγατρὸς εὐναστήριον. καὶ ταῦτα μὲν μίτοισι χαλκέων πάλαι 585στρόμβων ἐπιρροιζοῦσι γηραιαὶ κόραι· Κηφεὺς δὲ καὶ Πράξανδρος, οὐ ναυκληρίας λαῶν ἄνακτες, ἀλλʼ ἀνώνυμοι σποραί, πέμπτοι τέταρτοι γαῖαν ἵξονται θεᾶς Γόλγων ἀνάσσης· ὧν ὁ μὲν Λάκωνʼ ὄχλον 590ἄγων Θεράπνης, θάτερος δʼ ἀπʼ Ὠλένου Δύμης τε Βουραίοισιν ἡγεμὼν στρατοῦ.

So their spear shall god lull to rest for us, granting us a brief remedy in our woe. But a cloud of others unapproachable in their might shall he rouse—whose rage not even the son of Rhoeo shall lull nor stay, though he bid them abide for the space of nine years in his island, persuaded by his oracles, and though he promise that his three daughters shall give blameless sustenance to all who stay and roam the Cynthian hill beside Inopus drinking the Egyptian waters of Triton. These daughters lusty Problastus’ taught to be skilled in contriving milled food and to make wine and fatty oil—even the dove granddaughters of Zarax, skilled to turn things into wine. These shall heal the great and wasting hunger of the host of alien hounds, coming one day to the grave of Sithon’s daughter. These things the Ancient Maidens whirl on with rushing thread of brazen spindles. But Cepheus and Praxandrus, not princes of a naval host but a nameless brood, fifth and fourth shall come to the land of the goddess queen of Golgi; whereof the one shall lead a Laconian troop from Therapna; the other from Olenos and Dyme shalt lead his host of the men of Bura.

592ὁ δʼ Ἀργύριππα Δαυνίων παγκληρίαν παρʼ Αὐσονίτην Φυλαμὸν δωμήσεται, πικρὰν ἑταίρων ἐπτερωμένην ἰδὼν 595οἰωνόμικτον μοῖραν, οἳ θαλασσίαν δίαιταν αἰνέσουσι, πορκέων δίκην, κύκνοισιν ἰνδαλθέντες εὐγλήνοις δομήν. ῥάμφεσσι δʼ ἀγρώσσοντες ἐλλόπων θοροὺς φερώνυμον νησῖδα νάσσονται πρόμου, 600θεατρομόρφῳ πρὸς κλίτει γεωλόφῳ ἀγυιοπλαστήσαντες ἐμπέδοις τομαῖς πυκνὰς καλιάς, Ζῆθον ἐκμιμούμενοι. ὁμοῦ δʼ ἐς ἄγραν κἀπὶ κοιταίαν νάπην νύκτωρ στελοῦνται, πάντα φεύγοντες βροτῶν 605κάρβανον ὄχλον, ἐν δὲ γραικίταις πέπλοις κόλπων ἰαυθμοὺς ἠθάδας διζήμενοι, καὶ κρῖμνα χειρῶν κἀπιδόρπιον τρύφος μάζης σπάσονται, προσφιλὲς κνυζούμενοι, τῆς πρὶν διαίτης τλήμονες μεμνημένοι. 610Τροιζηνίας δὲ τραῦμα φοιτάδος, πλάνης ἔσται κακῶν τε πημάτων παραίτιον, ὅταν θρασεῖα θουρὰς οἰστρήσῃ κύων πρὸς λέκτρα. τύμβος δʼ αὐτὸν ἐκσώσει μόρου Ὁπλοσμίας, σφαγαῖσιν ηὐτρεπισμένον. 615κολοσσοβάμων δʼ ἐν πτυχαῖσιν Αὐσόνων

Another shall found Argyrippa, a Daunian estate beside Ausonian Phylamus, seeing the bitter fate of his comrades turned to winged birds, who shall accept a sea life, after the manner of fishermen, like in form to bright-eyed swans. Seizing in their bills the spawn of fishes they shall dwell in an island which bears their leader’s name, on a theatre-shaped rising ground, building in rows their close-set nests with firm bits of wood, after the manner of Zethus. And together they shall betake them to the chase and by night to rest in the dell, avoiding all the alien crowd of men, but in folds of Grecian robes seeking their accustomed resting - place they shall eat crumbs from the hand and fragments of cake from the table, murmuring pleasantly, remembering, hapless ones, their former way of life. His wounding of the Lady of Troezen shall be part cause of his wild wandering and of his evil sufferings when a wild lustful bitch shall be frenzied for adulterous bed. But the altar-tomb of Hoplosmia shall save him from doom, when already prepared for slaughter. And in the glen of Ausonia he shall stand like a colossus resting his feet on the boulders, the foundations of Amoebeus, the builder of the walls, when he has cast out of his ship the ballast stones.

616σταθεὶς ἐρείσει κῶλα χερμάδων ἔπι τοῦ τειχοποιοῦ γαπέδων Ἀμοιβέως, τὸν ἑρματίτην νηὸς ἐκβαλὼν πέτρον. κρίσει δʼ Ἀλαίνου τοῦ κασιγνήτου σφαλεὶς 620εὐχὰς ἀρούραις ἀμφʼ ἐτητύμους βαλεῖ, Δηοῦς ἀνεῖναι μήποτʼ ὄμπνιον στάχυν, γύας τιθαιβώσσοντος ἀρδηθμῷ Διός, ἢν μή τις αὐτοῦ ῥίζαν Αἰτωλῶν σπάσας χέρσον λαχήνῃ, βουσὶν αὔλακας τεμών. 625στήλαις δʼ ἀκινήτοισιν ὀχμάσει πέδον, ἃς οὔτις ἀνδρῶν ἐκ βίας καυχήσεται μετοχλίσας ὀλίζον. ἦ γὰρ ἀπτέρως αὐταὶ παλιμπόρευτον ἵξονται βάσιν ἄνδηρʼ ἀπέζοις ἴχνεσιν δατούμεναι. 630θεὸς δὲ πολλοῖς αἰπὺς αὐδηθήσεται, ὅσοι παρʼ Ἰοῦς γρῶνον οἰκοῦνται πέδον, δράκοντα τὸν φθείραντα Φαίακας κτανών. οἱ δʼ ἀμφικλύστους χοιράδας Γυμνησίας σισυρνοδῦται καρκίνοι πεπλωκότες 635ἄχλαινον ἀμπρεύσουσι νήλιποι βίον, τριπλαῖς δικώλοις σφενδόναις ὡπλισμένοι. ὧν αἱ τεκοῦσαι τὴν ἑκηβόλον τέχνην ἄδορπα παιδεύσουσι νηπίους γονάς. οὐ γάρ τις αὐτῶν ψίσεται πύρνον γνάθῳ, 640πρὶν ἂν κρατήσῃ ναστὸν εὐστόχῳ λίθῳ ὑπὲρ τράφηκος σῆμα κείμενον σκοποῦ.

And, disappointed by the judgement of his brother Alaenus, he shall cast an effectual curse upon the fields, that they may never send up the opulent corn-ear of Deo, when Zeus with his rain nurtures the soil, save only if one who draws his blood from his own Aetolian stock shall till the land, cleaving the furrows with team of oxen. And with pillars not to be moved he shall hold fast the land: pillars which no man shall boast to have moved even a little by his might. For as on wings they shall come back again, traversing with trackless steps the terraces. And a high god shall he be called by many, even by those who dwell by the cavernous plain of Io, when he shall have slain the dragon that harried the Phaeacians.

And others shall sail to the sea-washed Gymnesian rocks—crab-like, clad in skins—where cloakless and unshod they shall drag out their lives, armed with three two-membered slings Their mothers shall teach the far-shooting art to their young offspring by supperless discipline. For none of them shall chew bread with his jaws, until with well-aimed stone he shall have won the cake set as a mark above the board.

642καὶ τοὶ μὲν ἀκτὰς ἐμβατήσονται λεπρὰς Ἰβηροβοσκοὺς ἄγχι Ταρτησοῦ πύλης, Ἄρνης παλαιᾶς γέννα, Τεμμίκων πρόμοι, 645γραῖαν ποθοῦντες καὶ Λεοντάρνης πάγους Σκῶλόν τε καὶ Τέγυραν Ὀγχηστοῦ θʼ ἕδος καὶ χεῦμα Θερμώδοντος Ὑψάρνου θʼ ὕδωρ. τοὺς δʼ ἀμφὶ Σύρτιν καὶ Λιβυστικὰς πλάκας στενήν τε πορθμοῦ συνδρομὴν Τυρσηνικοῦ 650καὶ μιξόθηρος ναυτιλοφθόρους σκοπὰς τῆς πρὶν θανούσης ἐκ χερῶν Μηκιστέως τοῦ στερφοπέπλου Σκαπανέως Βοαγίδα ἁρπυιογούνων κλώμακάς τʼ ἀηδόνων πλαγχθέντας, ὠμόσιτα δαιταλωμένους, 655πρόπαντας Ἅιδης πανδοκεὺς ἀγρεύσεται, λώβαισι παντοίαισιν ἐσπαραγμένους, ἕνα φθαρέντων ἄγγελον λιπὼν φίλων δελφινόσημον κλῶπα Φοινίκης θεᾶς. ὃς ὄψεται μὲν τοῦ μονογλήνου στέγας 660χάρωνος, οἴνης τῷ κρεωφάγῳ σκύφον χερσὶ προτείνων, τοὐπιδόρπιον ποτόν. ἐπόψεται δὲ λείψανον τοξευμάτων τοῦ Κηραμύντου Πευκέως Παλαίμονος, οἳ πάντα θρανύξαντες εὔτορνα σκάφη 665σχοίνῳ κακὴν τρήσουσι κεστρέων ἄγρην. ἄλλος δʼ ἐπʼ ἄλλῳ μόχθος ἄθλιος μενεῖ, τοῦ πρόσθεν αἰεὶ πλεῖον ἐξωλέστερος.

These shall set foot on the rough shores that feed the Iberians near the gate of Tartessus—a race sprung from ancient Arne, chieftains of the Temmices, yearning for Graea and the cliffs of Leontarne and Scolus and Tegyra and Onchestus’ seat and the flood of Thermodon and the waters of Hypsarnus.

Others shall wander beside Syrtis and the Libyan plains and the narrow meet of the Tyrrhenian Strait and the watching-place fatal to mariners of the hybrid monster that formerly died by the hand of Mecisteus, the hide-clad Spademan, the Cattle-driver, and the rocks of the harpy-limbed nightingales. There, devoured raw, Hades, mine host, shall seize them all, torn with all manner of evil entreatment; and he shall leave but one to tell of his slaughtered friends, even the man of the dolphin device, who stole the Phoenician goddess. He shall see the dwelling of the one-eyed lion, offering in his hands to that flesh-eater the cup of the vine as an after-supper draught. And he shall see the remnant that was spared by the arrows of Ceramyntes Peuceus Palaemon. That remnant shall break in pieces all the well-turned hulls and shall with rushes pierce their evil spoil, as it were of fishes. Unhappy labour after labour shall await him, each more baleful than that which went before.

668ποία Χάρυβδις οὐχὶ δαίσεται νεκρῶν; ποία δʼ Ἐρινὺς μιξοπάρθενος κύων; 670τίς οὐκ ἀηδὼν στεῖρα Κενταυροκτόνος Αἰτωλὶς ἢ Κουρῆτις αἰόλῳ μέλει πείσει τακῆναι σάρκας ἀκμήνους βορᾶς; ποίαν δὲ θηρόπλαστον οὐκ ἐσόψεται δράκαιναν, ἐγκυκῶσαν ἀλφίτῳ θρόνα, 675καὶ κῆρα κνωπόμορφον; οἱ δὲ δύσμοροι στένοντες ἄτας ἐν συφοῖσι φορβάδες γίγαρτα χιλῷ συμμεμιγμένα τρυγὸς καὶ στέμφυλα βρύξουσιν. ἀλλά νιν βλάβης μῶλυς σαώσει ῥίζα καὶ Κτάρος φανεὶς 680Νωνακριάτης Τρικέφαλος Φαιδρὸς θεός. ἥξει δʼ ἐρεμνὸν εἰς ἀλήπεδον φθιτῶν καὶ νεκρόμαντιν πέμπελον διζήσεται ἀνδρῶν γυναικῶν εἰδότα ξυνουσίας, ψυχαῖσι θερμὸν αἷμα προσράνας βόθρῳ, 685καὶ φασγάνου πρόβλημα, νερτέροις φόβον, πήλας ἀκούσει κεῖθι πεμφίγων ὄπα λεπτὴν ἀμαυρᾶς μάστακος προσφθέγμασιν. ὅθεν Γιγάντων νῆσος ἡ μετάφρενον θλάσασα καὶ Τυφῶνος ἀγρίου δέμας 690φλογμῷ ζέουσα δέξεται μονόστολον, ἐν ᾗ πιθήκων πάλμυς ἀφθίτων γένος δύσμορφον εἰς κηκασμὸν ᾤκισεν τόσων, οἳ μῶλον ὠρόθυναν ἐκγόνοις Κρόνου.

What Charybdis shall not eat of his dead? What half-maiden Fury-hound? What barren nightingale, slayer of the Centaurs, Aetolian or Curetid, shall not with her varied melody tempt them to waste away through fasting from food? What beast-moulding dragoness shall he not behold, mixing drugs with meal, and beast-shaped doom? And they, hapless ones, bewailing their fate shall feed in pigstyes, crunching grapestones mixed with grass and oilcake. But him the drowsy root shall save from harm and the coming of Ctaros, the Bright Three-headed god of Nonacris.

And he shall come to the dark plain of the departed and shall seek the ancient seer of the dead, who knows the mating of men and women. He shall pour in a trench warm blood for the souls, and, brandishing before him his sword to terrify the dead, he shall there hear the thin voice of the ghosts, uttered from shadowy lips.

Thereafter the island that crushed the back of the Giants and the fierce form of Typhon, shall receive him journeying alone: an island boiling with flame, wherein the king of the immortals established an ugly race of apes, in mockery of all who raised war against the sons of Cronus. And passing the tomb of Baius, his steersman, and the dwellings of the Cimmerians and the Acherusian waters swelling with heaving surge and Ossa and the cattle-path built by the lion and the grove of Obrimo, the Maiden who dwells beneath the earth, and the Fiery Stream, where the difficult Polydegmon’ hill stretches its head to the sky; from which hill’s — depths draw all streams and all springs throughout the Ausonian land; and leaving the high slope of Lethaeon and the lake Aornus’ rounded with a -noose and the waters of Cocytus wild and dark, stream of black Styx, where Termieus’ made the seat of oath-swearing for the immortals, drawing the water in golden basins for libation, when he was about to go against the Giants and Titans—he shall offer up a gift to Daeira and her consort, fastening his helmet to the head of a pillar.

People and places in this passage

English translation by A. W. Mair (1921). Original text: A. W. Mair and G. R. Mair (eds. and trs.), Callimachus and Lycophron, Aratus, Loeb Classical Library, London: Heinemann; New York: Putnam, 1921 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus, tlg0341.tlg002 perseus-grc2).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library, Greek text); translation public domain (OCR from the Internet Archive scan). Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.