Homer · Odyssey Ὀδύσσεια

Homer, Odyssey 4.1–112: Telemachus at the house of Menelaus

Telemachus and Peisistratus arrive at the house of Menelaus in Lacedaemon while a wedding feast is being held for his daughter and for his son by a slave woman. Menelaus' squire Eteoneus asks whether to take the strangers in, and Menelaus rebukes him, and they are bathed and fed. Menelaus speaks of his own wanderings and of his grief for Odysseus.

Lines 4.1–112 · 1230 words · click a number to copy its link
1οἱ δʼ ἷξον κοίλην Λακεδαίμονα κητώεσσαν, πρὸς δʼ ἄρα δώματʼ ἔλων Μενελάου κυδαλίμοιο. τὸν δʼ εὗρον δαινύντα γάμον πολλοῖσιν ἔτῃσιν υἱέος ἠδὲ θυγατρὸς ἀμύμονος ᾧ ἐνὶ οἴκῳ. 5τὴν μὲν Ἀχιλλῆος ῥηξήνορος υἱέι πέμπεν· ἐν Τροίῃ γὰρ πρῶτον ὑπέσχετο καὶ κατένευσε δωσέμεναι, τοῖσιν δὲ θεοὶ γάμον ἐξετέλειον. τὴν ἄρʼ ὅ γʼ ἔνθʼ ἵπποισι καὶ ἅρμασι πέμπε νέεσθαι Μυρμιδόνων προτὶ ἄστυ περικλυτόν, οἷσιν ἄνασσεν. 10υἱέι δὲ Σπάρτηθεν Ἀλέκτορος ἤγετο κούρην, ὅς οἱ τηλύγετος γένετο κρατερὸς Μεγαπένθης ἐκ δούλης· Ἑλένῃ δὲ θεοὶ γόνον οὐκέτʼ ἔφαινον, ἐπεὶ δὴ τὸ πρῶτον ἐγείνατο παῖδʼ ἐρατεινήν, Ἑρμιόνην, ἣ εἶδος ἔχε χρυσέης Ἀφροδίτης. 15ὣς οἱ μὲν δαίνυντο καθʼ ὑψερεφὲς μέγα δῶμα γείτονες ἠδὲ ἔται Μενελάου κυδαλίμοιο, τερπόμενοι· μετὰ δέ σφιν ἐμέλπετο θεῖος ἀοιδὸς φορμίζων, δοιὼ δὲ κυβιστητῆρε κατʼ αὐτούς, μολπῆς ἐξάρχοντος, ἐδίνευον κατὰ μέσσους.

And they came to the hollow land of Lacedaemon with its many ravines, and drove to the palace of glorious Menelaus. Him they found giving a marriage feast to his many kinsfolk for his noble son and daughter within his house. His daughter he was sending to the son of Achilles, breaker of the ranks of men, for in the land of Troy he first had promised and pledged that he would give her, and now the gods were bringing their marriage to pass. Her then he was sending forth with horses and chariots to go her way to the glorious city of the Myrmidons, over whom her lord was king; but for his son he was bringing to his home from Sparta the daughter of Alector, even for the stalwart Megapenthes, who was his son well-beloved, born of a slave woman; for to Helen the gods vouchsafed issue no more after that she had at the first borne her lovely child, Hermione, who had the beauty of golden Aphrodite. So they were feasting in the great high-roofed hall, the neighbors and kinsfolk of glorious Menelaus, and making merry; and among them a divine minstrel was singing to the lyre, and two tumblers whirled up and down through the midst of them, as he began his song.

20τὼ δʼ αὖτʼ ἐν προθύροισι δόμων αὐτώ τε καὶ ἵππω, Τηλέμαχός θʼ ἥρως καὶ Νέστορος ἀγλαὸς υἱός, στῆσαν· ὁ δὲ προμολὼν ἴδετο κρείων Ἐτεωνεύς, ὀτρηρὸς θεράπων Μενελάου κυδαλίμοιο, βῆ δʼ ἴμεν ἀγγελέων διὰ δώματα ποιμένι λαῶν, 25ἀγχοῦ δʼ ἱστάμενος ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδα· ξείνω δή τινε τώδε, διοτρεφὲς ὦ Μενέλαε, ἄνδρε δύω, γενεῇ δὲ Διὸς μεγάλοιο ἔικτον. ἀλλʼ εἴπʼ, ἤ σφωιν καταλύσομεν ὠκέας ἵππους, ἦ ἄλλον πέμπωμεν ἱκανέμεν, ὅς κε φιλήσῃ. 30τὸν δὲ μέγʼ ὀχθήσας προσέφη ξανθὸς Μενέλαος· οὐ μὲν νήπιος ἦσθα, Βοηθοΐδη Ἐτεωνεῦ, τὸ πρίν· ἀτὰρ μὲν νῦν γε πάϊς ὣς νήπια βάζεις. ἦ μὲν δὴ νῶι ξεινήια πολλὰ φαγόντε ἄλλων ἀνθρώπων δεῦρʼ ἱκόμεθʼ, αἴ κέ ποθι Ζεὺς 35ἐξοπίσω περ παύσῃ ὀιζύος. ἀλλὰ λύʼ ἵππους ξείνων, ἐς δʼ αὐτοὺς προτέρω ἄγε θοινηθῆναι. ὣς φάθʼ, ὁ δὲ μεγάροιο διέσσυτο, κέκλετο δʼ ἄλλους ὀτρηροὺς θεράποντας ἅμα σπέσθαι ἑοῖ αὐτῷ.

Then the two, the prince Telemachus and the glorious son of Nestor, halted at the gateway of the palace, they and their two horses. And the lord Eteoneus came forth and saw them, the busy squire of glorious Menelaus; and he went through the hall to bear the tidings to the shepherd of the people. So he came near and spoke to him winged words: “Here are two strangers, Menelaus, fostered of Zeus, two men that are like the seed of great Zeus. But tell me, shall we unyoke for them their swift horses, or send them on their way to some other host, who will give them entertainment?” Then, stirred to sore displeasure, fair-haired Menelaus spoke to him: “Aforetime thou was not wont to be a fool, Eteoneus, son of Boethous, but now like a child thou talkest folly. Surely we two ate full often hospitable cheer of other men, ere we came hither in the hope that Zeus would hereafter grant us respite from sorrow. Nay, unyoke the strangers' horses, and lead the men forward into the house, that they may feast.” So he spoke, and the other hastened through the hall, and called to the other busy squires to follow along with him.

39οἱ δʼ ἵππους μὲν λῦσαν ὑπὸ ζυγοῦ ἱδρώοντας, 40καὶ τοὺς μὲν κατέδησαν ἐφʼ ἱππείῃσι κάπῃσι, πὰρ δʼ ἔβαλον ζειάς, ἀνὰ δὲ κρῖ λευκὸν ἔμιξαν, ἅρματα δʼ ἔκλιναν πρὸς ἐνώπια παμφανόωντα, αὐτοὺς δʼ εἰσῆγον θεῖον δόμον. οἱ δὲ ἰδόντες θαύμαζον κατὰ δῶμα διοτρεφέος βασιλῆος· 45ὥς τε γὰρ ἠελίου αἴγλη πέλεν ἠὲ σελήνης δῶμα καθʼ ὑψερεφὲς Μενελάου κυδαλίμοιο. αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ τάρπησαν ὁρώμενοι ὀφθαλμοῖσιν, ἔς ῥʼ ἀσαμίνθους βάντες ἐυξέστας λούσαντο. τοὺς δʼ ἐπεὶ οὖν δμῳαὶ λοῦσαν καὶ χρῖσαν ἐλαίῳ, 50ἀμφὶ δʼ ἄρα χλαίνας οὔλας βάλον ἠδὲ χιτῶνας, ἔς ῥα θρόνους ἕζοντο παρʼ Ἀτρεΐδην Μενέλαον. χέρνιβα δʼ ἀμφίπολος προχόῳ ἐπέχευε φέρουσα καλῇ χρυσείῃ ὑπὲρ ἀργυρέοιο λέβητος, νίψασθαι· παρὰ δὲ ξεστὴν ἐτάνυσσε τράπεζαν. 55σῖτον δʼ αἰδοίη ταμίη παρέθηκε φέρουσα, εἴδατα πόλλʼ ἐπιθεῖσα, χαριζομένη παρεόντων. δαιτρὸς δὲ κρειῶν πίνακας παρέθηκεν ἀείρας παντοίων, παρὰ δέ σφι τίθει χρύσεια κύπελλα.

They loosed the sweating horses from beneath the yoke and tied them at the stalls of the horses, and flung before them spelt, and mixed therewith white barley. Then they tilted the chariot against the bright entrance walls, and led the men into the divine palace. But at the sight they marvelled as they passed through the palace of the king, fostered of Zeus; for there was a gleam as of sun or moon over the high-roofed house of glorious Menelaus. But when they had satisfied their eyes with gazing they went into the polished baths and bathed. And when the maids had bathed them and anointed them with oil, and had cast about them fleecy cloaks and tunics, they sat down on chairs beside Menelaus, son of Atreus. Then a handmaid brought water for the hands in a fair pitcher of gold, and poured it over a silver basin for them to wash, and beside them drew up a polished table. And the grave housewife brought and set before them bread, and therewith dainties in abundance, giving freely of her store. And a carver lifted up and placed before them platters of all manner of meats, and set by them golden goblets.

59τὼ καὶ δεικνύμενος προσέφη ξανθὸς Μενέλαος· 60σίτου θʼ ἅπτεσθον καὶ χαίρετον. αὐτὰρ ἔπειτα δείπνου πασσαμένω εἰρησόμεθʼ, οἵ τινές ἐστον ἀνδρῶν· οὐ γὰρ σφῷν γε γένος ἀπόλωλε τοκήων, ἀλλʼ ἀνδρῶν γένος ἐστὲ διοτρεφέων βασιλήων σκηπτούχων, ἐπεὶ οὔ κε κακοὶ τοιούσδε τέκοιεν. 65ὣς φάτο, καί σφιν νῶτα βοὸς παρὰ πίονα θῆκεν ὄπτʼ ἐν χερσὶν ἑλών, τά ῥά οἱ γέρα πάρθεσαν αὐτῷ. οἱ δʼ ἐπʼ ὀνείαθʼ ἑτοῖμα προκείμενα χεῖρας ἴαλλον. αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ πόσιος καὶ ἐδητύος ἐξ ἔρον ἕντο, δὴ τότε Τηλέμαχος προσεφώνεε Νέστορος υἱόν, 70ἄγχι σχὼν κεφαλήν, ἵνα μὴ πευθοίαθʼ οἱ ἄλλοι· φράζεο, Νεστορίδη, τῷ ἐμῷ κεχαρισμένε θυμῷ, χαλκοῦ τε στεροπὴν κὰδ δώματα ἠχήεντα χρυσοῦ τʼ ἠλέκτρου τε καὶ ἀργύρου ἠδʼ ἐλέφαντος. Ζηνός που τοιήδε γʼ Ὀλυμπίου ἔνδοθεν αὐλή, 75ὅσσα τάδʼ ἄσπετα πολλά· σέβας μʼ ἔχει εἰσορόωντα.

Then fair-haired Menelaus greeted the two and said: “Take of the food, and be glad, and then when you have supped, we will ask you who among men you are; for in you two the breed of your sires is not lost, but ye are of the breed of men that are sceptred kings, fostered of Zeus; for base churls could not beget such sons as you.” So saying he took in his hands roast meat and set it before them, even the fat ox-chine which they had set before himself as a mess of honor. So they put forth their hands to the good cheer lying ready before them. But when they had put from them the desire of food and drink, lo, then Telemachus spoke to the son of Nestor, holding his head close to him, that the others might not hear: “Son of Nestor, dear to this heart of mine, mark the flashing of bronze throughout the echoing halls, and the flashing of gold, of electrum, of silver, and of ivory. Of such sort, methinks, is the court of Olympian Zeus within, such untold wealth is here; amazement holds me as I look.”

76τοῦ δʼ ἀγορεύοντος ξύνετο ξανθὸς Μενέλαος, καί σφεας φωνήσας ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδα· τέκνα φίλʼ, ἦ τοι Ζηνὶ βροτῶν οὐκ ἄν τις ἐρίζοι· ἀθάνατοι γὰρ τοῦ γε δόμοι καὶ κτήματʼ ἔασιν· 80ἀνδρῶν δʼ ἤ κέν τίς μοι ἐρίσσεται, ἠὲ καὶ οὐκί, κτήμασιν. ἦ γὰρ πολλὰ παθὼν καὶ πόλλʼ ἐπαληθεὶς ἠγαγόμην ἐν νηυσὶ καὶ ὀγδοάτῳ ἔτει ἦλθον, Κύπρον Φοινίκην τε καὶ Αἰγυπτίους ἐπαληθείς, Αἰθίοπάς θʼ ἱκόμην καὶ Σιδονίους καὶ Ἐρεμβοὺς 85καὶ Λιβύην, ἵνα τʼ ἄρνες ἄφαρ κεραοὶ τελέθουσι. τρὶς γὰρ τίκτει μῆλα τελεσφόρον εἰς ἐνιαυτόν. ἔνθα μὲν οὔτε ἄναξ ἐπιδευὴς οὔτε τι ποιμὴν τυροῦ καὶ κρειῶν οὐδὲ γλυκεροῖο γάλακτος, ἀλλʼ αἰεὶ παρέχουσιν ἐπηετανὸν γάλα θῆσθαι. 90ἧος ἐγὼ περὶ κεῖνα πολὺν βίοτον συναγείρων ἠλώμην, τῆός μοι ἀδελφεὸν ἄλλος ἔπεφνεν λάθρῃ, ἀνωιστί, δόλῳ οὐλομένης ἀλόχοιο· ὣς οὔ τοι χαίρων τοῖσδε κτεάτεσσιν ἀνάσσω. καὶ πατέρων τάδε μέλλετʼ ἀκουέμεν, οἵ τινες ὑμῖν 95εἰσίν, ἐπεὶ μάλα πολλὰ πάθον, καὶ ἀπώλεσα οἶκον εὖ μάλα ναιετάοντα, κεχανδότα πολλὰ καὶ ἐσθλά.

Now as he spoke fair-haired Menelaus heard him, and he spoke and addressed them with winged words: “Dear children, with Zeus verily no mortal man could vie, for everlasting are his halls and his possessions; but of men another might vie with me in wealth or haply might not. For of a truth after many woes and wide wanderings I brought my wealth home in my ships and came in the eighth year. Over Cyprus and Phoenicia I wandered, and Egypt, and I came to the Ethiopians and the Sidonians and the Erembi, and to Libya, where the lambs are horned from their birth. For there the ewes bear their young thrice within the full course of the year; there neither master nor shepherd has any lack of cheese or of meat or of sweet milk, but the flocks ever yield milk to the milking the year through. While I wandered in those lands gathering much livelihood, meanwhile another slew my brother by stealth and at unawares, by the guile of his accursed wife. Thus, thou mayest see, I have no joy in being lord of this wealth; and you may well have heard of this from your fathers, whosoever they may be, for full much did I suffer, and let fall into ruin a stately house and one stored with much goodly treasure.

97ὧν ὄφελον τριτάτην περ ἔχων ἐν δώμασι μοῖραν ναίειν, οἱ δʼ ἄνδρες σόοι ἔμμεναι, οἳ τότʼ ὄλοντο Τροίῃ ἐν εὐρείῃ ἑκὰς Ἄργεος ἱπποβότοιο. 100ἀλλʼ ἔμπης πάντας μὲν ὀδυρόμενος καὶ ἀχεύων πολλάκις ἐν μεγάροισι καθήμενος ἡμετέροισιν ἄλλοτε μέν τε γόῳ φρένα τέρπομαι, ἄλλοτε δʼ αὖτε παύομαι· αἰψηρὸς δὲ κόρος κρυεροῖο γόοιο. τῶν πάντων οὐ τόσσον ὀδύρομαι, ἀχνύμενός περ, 105ὡς ἑνός, ὅς τέ μοι ὕπνον ἀπεχθαίρει καὶ ἐδωδὴν μνωομένῳ, ἐπεὶ οὔ τις Ἀχαιῶν τόσσʼ ἐμόγησεν, ὅσσʼ Ὀδυσεὺς ἐμόγησε καὶ ἤρατο. τῷ δʼ ἄρʼ ἔμελλεν αὐτῷ κήδεʼ ἔσεσθαι, ἐμοὶ δʼ ἄχος αἰὲν ἄλαστον κείνου, ὅπως δὴ δηρὸν ἀποίχεται, οὐδέ τι ἴδμεν, 110ζώει ὅ γʼ ἦ τέθνηκεν. ὀδύρονταί νύ που αὐτὸν Λαέρτης θʼ ὁ γέρων καὶ ἐχέφρων Πηνελόπεια Τηλέμαχός θʼ, ὃν ἔλειπε νέον γεγαῶτʼ ἐνὶ οἴκῳ.

Would that I dwelt in my halls with but a third part of this wealth, and that those men were safe who then perished in the broad land of Troy far from horse-pasturing Argos. And yet, though I often sit in my halls weeping and sorrowing for them all—one moment indeed I ease my heart with weeping, and then again I cease, for men soon have surfeit of chill lament—yet for them all I mourn not so much, despite my grief, as for one only, who makes me to loathe both sleep and food, when I think of him; for no one of the Achaeans toiled so much as Odysseus toiled and endured. But to himself, as it seems, his portion was to be but woe, and for me there is sorrow never to be forgotten for him, in that he is gone so long, nor do we know aught whether he be alive or dead. Mourned is he, I ween, by the old man Laertes, and by constant Penelope, and by Telemachus, whom he left a new-born child in his house.”

People and places in this passage

English translation by Augustus Taber Murray (1919). Original text: Augustus Taber Murray (ed.), Homer, The Odyssey, Loeb Classical Library, London: Heinemann; New York: Putnam, 1919, vols. 1-2 (Greek text, based on the Oxford Classical Text, and English translation, as digitised by Perseus).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.