Homer · Odyssey Ὀδύσσεια

Homer, Odyssey 5.228–281: Odysseus builds the raft

Calypso gives Odysseus an axe and an adze and shows him a grove of tall trees, and in four days he builds a raft with a mast, a steering-oar and a sail. She gives him bread, wine, water and a fair wind, and on the fifth day he puts to sea, steering by the stars. For seventeen days he sails, and on the eighteenth sees the dark hills of the Phaeacian land.

Lines 5.228–281 · 567 words · click a number to copy its link
228ἦμος δʼ ἠριγένεια φάνη ῥοδοδάκτυλος Ἠώς, αὐτίχʼ ὁ μὲν χλαῖνάν τε χιτῶνά τε ἕννυτʼ Ὀδυσσεύς, 230αὐτὴ δʼ ἀργύφεον φᾶρος μέγα ἕννυτο νύμφη, λεπτὸν καὶ χαρίεν, περὶ δὲ ζώνην βάλετʼ ἰξυῖ καλὴν χρυσείην, κεφαλῇ δʼ ἐφύπερθε καλύπτρην. καὶ τότʼ Ὀδυσσῆι μεγαλήτορι μήδετο πομπήν· δῶκέν οἱ πέλεκυν μέγαν, ἄρμενον ἐν παλάμῃσι, 235χάλκεον, ἀμφοτέρωθεν ἀκαχμένον· αὐτὰρ ἐν αὐτῷ στειλειὸν περικαλλὲς ἐλάινον, εὖ ἐναρηρός· δῶκε δʼ ἔπειτα σκέπαρνον ἐύξοον· ἦρχε δʼ ὁδοῖο νήσου ἐπʼ ἐσχατιῆς, ὅθι δένδρεα μακρὰ πεφύκει, κλήθρη τʼ αἴγειρός τʼ, ἐλάτη τʼ ἦν οὐρανομήκης, 240αὖα πάλαι, περίκηλα, τά οἱ πλώοιεν ἐλαφρῶς. αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ δὴ δεῖξʼ, ὅθι δένδρεα μακρὰ πεφύκει, ἡ μὲν ἔβη πρὸς δῶμα Καλυψώ, δῖα θεάων, αὐτὰρ ὁ τάμνετο δοῦρα· θοῶς δέ οἱ ἤνυτο ἔργον. εἴκοσι δʼ ἔκβαλε πάντα, πελέκκησεν δʼ ἄρα χαλκῷ, 245ξέσσε δʼ ἐπισταμένως καὶ ἐπὶ στάθμην ἴθυνεν. τόφρα δʼ ἔνεικε τέρετρα Καλυψώ, δῖα θεάων· τέτρηνεν δʼ ἄρα πάντα καὶ ἥρμοσεν ἀλλήλοισιν, γόμφοισιν δʼ ἄρα τήν γε καὶ ἁρμονίῃσιν ἄρασσεν.

As soon as early Dawn appeared, the rosy-fingered, straightway Odysseus put on a cloak and a tunic, and the nymph clothed herself in a long white robe, finely woven and beautiful, and about her waist she cast a fair girdle of gold, and on her head a veil above. Then she set herself to plan the sending of the great-hearted Odysseus. She gave him a great axe, well fitted to his hands, an axe of bronze, sharpened on both sides; and in it was a beautiful handle of olive wood, securely fastened; and thereafter she gave him a polished adze. Then she led the way to the borders of the island where tall trees were standing, alder and popular and fir, reaching to the skies, long dry and well-seasoned, which would float for him lightly. But when she had shewn him where the tall trees grew, Calypso, the beautiful goddess, returned homewards, but he fell to cutting timbers, and his work went forward apace. Twenty trees in all did he fell, and trimmed them with the axe; then he cunningly smoothed them all and made them straight to the line. Meanwhile Calypso, the beautiful goddess, brought him augers; and he bored all the pieces and fitted them to one another, and with pegs and morticings did he hammer it together.

249ὅσσον τίς τʼ ἔδαφος νηὸς τορνώσεται ἀνὴρ 250φορτίδος εὐρείης, ἐὺ εἰδὼς τεκτοσυνάων, τόσσον ἔπʼ εὐρεῖαν σχεδίην ποιήσατʼ Ὀδυσσεύς. ἴκρια δὲ στήσας, ἀραρὼν θαμέσι σταμίνεσσι, ποίει· ἀτὰρ μακρῇσιν ἐπηγκενίδεσσι τελεύτα. ἐν δʼ ἱστὸν ποίει καὶ ἐπίκριον ἄρμενον αὐτῷ· 255πρὸς δʼ ἄρα πηδάλιον ποιήσατο, ὄφρʼ ἰθύνοι. φράξε δέ μιν ῥίπεσσι διαμπερὲς οἰσυΐνῃσι κύματος εἶλαρ ἔμεν· πολλὴν δʼ ἐπεχεύατο ὕλην. τόφρα δὲ φάρεʼ ἔνεικε Καλυψώ, δῖα θεάων, ἱστία ποιήσασθαι· ὁ δʼ εὖ τεχνήσατο καὶ τά. 260ἐν δʼ ὑπέρας τε κάλους τε πόδας τʼ ἐνέδησεν ἐν αὐτῇ, μοχλοῖσιν δʼ ἄρα τήν γε κατείρυσεν εἰς ἅλα δῖαν. τέτρατον ἦμαρ ἔην, καὶ τῷ τετέλεστο ἅπαντα· τῷ δʼ ἄρα πέμπτῳ πέμπʼ ἀπὸ νήσου δῖα Καλυψώ, εἵματά τʼ ἀμφιέσασα θυώδεα καὶ λούσασα. 265ἐν δέ οἱ ἀσκὸν ἔθηκε θεὰ μέλανος οἴνοιο τὸν ἕτερον, ἕτερον δʼ ὕδατος μέγαν, ἐν δὲ καὶ ᾖα κωρύκῳ· ἐν δέ οἱ ὄψα τίθει μενοεικέα πολλά· οὖρον δὲ προέηκεν ἀπήμονά τε λιαρόν τε. γηθόσυνος δʼ οὔρῳ πέτασʼ ἱστία δῖος Ὀδυσσεύς. 270αὐτὰρ ὁ πηδαλίῳ ἰθύνετο τεχνηέντως ἥμενος, οὐδέ οἱ ὕπνος ἐπὶ βλεφάροισιν ἔπιπτεν Πληιάδας τʼ ἐσορῶντι καὶ ὀψὲ δύοντα Βοώτην Ἄρκτον θʼ, ἣν καὶ ἄμαξαν ἐπίκλησιν καλέουσιν, ἥ τʼ αὐτοῦ στρέφεται καί τʼ Ὠρίωνα δοκεύει, 275οἴη δʼ ἄμμορός ἐστι λοετρῶν Ὠκεανοῖο· τὴν γὰρ δή μιν ἄνωγε Καλυψώ, δῖα θεάων, ποντοπορευέμεναι ἐπʼ ἀριστερὰ χειρὸς ἔχοντα. ἑπτὰ δὲ καὶ δέκα μὲν πλέεν ἤματα ποντοπορεύων, ὀκτωκαιδεκάτῃ δʼ ἐφάνη ὄρεα σκιόεντα 280γαίης Φαιήκων, ὅθι τʼ ἄγχιστον πέλεν αὐτῷ· εἴσατο δʼ ὡς ὅτε ῥινὸν ἐν ἠεροειδέι πόντῳ.

Wide as a man well-skilled in carpentry marks out the curve of the hull of a freight-ship, broad of beam, even so wide did Odysseus make his raft. And he set up the deck-beams, bolting them to the close-set ribs, and laboured on; and he finished the raft with long gunwales. In it he set a mast and a yard-arm, fitted to it, and furthermore made him a steering-oar, wherewith to steer. Then he fenced in the whole from stem to stern with willow withes to be a defence against the wave, and strewed much brush thereon. Meanwhile Calypso, the beautiful goddess, brought him cloth to make him a sail, and he fashioned that too with skill. And he made fast in the raft braces and halyards and sheets, and then with levers forced it down into the bright sea. Now the fourth day came and all his work was done. And on the fifth the beautiful Calypso sent him on his way from the island after she had bathed him and clothed him in fragrant raiment. On the raft the goddess put a skin of dark wine, and another, a great one, of water, and provisions, too, in a wallet. Therein she put abundance of dainties to satisfy his heart, and she sent forth a gentle wind and warm. Gladly then did goodly Odysseus spread his sail to the breeze; and he sat and guided his raft skilfully with the steering-oar, nor did sleep fall upon his eyelids, as he watched the Pleiads, and late-setting Bootes, and the Bear, which men also call the Wain, which ever circles where it is and watches Orion, and alone has no part in the baths of Ocean. For this star Calypso, the beautiful goddess, had bidden him to keep on the left hand as he sailed over the sea. For seventeen days then he sailed over the sea, and on the eighteenth appeared the shadowy mountains of the land of the Phaeacians, where it lay nearest to him; and it shewed like unto a shield in the misty deep.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Augustus Taber Murray (1919). Original text: Augustus Taber Murray (ed.), Homer, The Odyssey, Loeb Classical Library, London: Heinemann; New York: Putnam, 1919, vols. 1-2 (Greek text, based on the Oxford Classical Text, and English translation, as digitised by Perseus).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.