Homer · Odyssey Ὀδύσσεια

Homer, Odyssey 4.625–714: The suitors plot an ambush

In Ithaca the suitors, playing at their games, learn from Noemon that Telemachus has gone to Pylos, and Antinous resolves to lie in wait for him with a ship in the strait between Ithaca and Samos. The herald Medon hears the plot and tells Penelope, who asks him why her son has gone.

Lines 4.625–714 · 993 words · click a number to copy its link
625μνηστῆρες δὲ πάροιθεν Ὀδυσσῆος μεγάροιο δίσκοισιν τέρποντο καὶ αἰγανέῃσιν ἱέντες ἐν τυκτῷ δαπέδῳ, ὅθι περ πάρος, ὕβριν ἔχοντες. Ἀντίνοος δὲ καθῆστο καὶ Εὐρύμαχος θεοειδής, ἀρχοὶ μνηστήρων, ἀρετῇ δʼ ἔσαν ἔξοχʼ ἄριστοι. 630τοῖς δʼ υἱὸς Φρονίοιο Νοήμων ἐγγύθεν ἐλθὼν Ἀντίνοον μύθοισιν ἀνειρόμενος προσέειπεν· Ἀντίνοʼ, ἦ ῥά τι ἴδμεν ἐνὶ φρεσίν, ἦε καὶ οὐκί, ὁππότε Τηλέμαχος νεῖτʼ ἐκ Πύλου ἠμαθόεντος; νῆά μοι οἴχετʼ ἄγων· ἐμὲ δὲ χρεὼ γίγνεται αὐτῆς 635Ἤλιδʼ ἐς εὐρύχορον διαβήμεναι, ἔνθα μοι ἵπποι δώδεκα θήλειαι, ὑπὸ δʼ ἡμίονοι ταλαεργοὶ ἀδμῆτες· τῶν κέν τινʼ ἐλασσάμενος δαμασαίμην. ὣς ἔφαθʼ, οἱ δʼ ἀνὰ θυμὸν ἐθάμβεον· οὐ γὰρ ἔφαντο ἐς Πύλον οἴχεσθαι Νηλήιον, ἀλλά που αὐτοῦ 640ἀγρῶν ἢ μήλοισι παρέμμεναι ἠὲ συβώτῃ. τὸν δʼ αὖτʼ Ἀντίνοος προσέφη Ἐυπείθεος υἱός· νημερτές μοι ἔνισπε, πότʼ ᾤχετο καὶ τίνες αὐτῷ κοῦροι ἕποντʼ; Ἰθάκης ἐξαίρετοι, ἦ ἑοὶ αὐτοῦ θῆτές τε δμῶές τε; δύναιτό κε καὶ τὸ τελέσσαι.

But the wooers in front of the palace of Odysseus were making merry, throwing the discus and the javelin in a levelled place, as their wont was, in insolence of heart; and Antinous and godlike Eurymachus were sitting there, the leaders of the wooers, who in valiance were far the best of all. To them Noemon, son of Phronius, drew near, and he questioned Antinous, and spoke, and said: “Antinous, know we at all in our hearts, or know we not, when Telemachus will return from sandy Pylos? He is gone, taking a ship of mine, and I have need of her to cross over to spacious Elis, where I have twelve brood mares, and at the teat sturdy mules as yet unbroken. Of these I would fain drive one off and break him in.” So he spoke, and they marvelled at heart, for they did not deem that Telemachus had gone to Neleian Pylos, but that he was somewhere there on his lands, among the flocks or with the swineherd. Then Antinous, son of Eupeithes, spoke to him, saying: “Tell me the truth; when did he go, and what youths went with him? Were they chosen youths of Ithaca, or hirelings and slaves of his own? Able would he be to accomplish even that.

645καί μοι τοῦτʼ ἀγόρευσον ἐτήτυμον, ὄφρʼ ἐὺ εἰδῶ, ἤ σε βίῃ ἀέκοντος ἀπηύρα νῆα μέλαιναν, ἦε ἑκών οἱ δῶκας, ἐπεὶ προσπτύξατο μύθῳ. τὸν δʼ υἱὸς Φρονίοιο Νοήμων ἀντίον ηὔδα· αὐτὸς ἑκών οἱ δῶκα· τί κεν ῥέξειε καὶ ἄλλος, 650ὁππότʼ ἀνὴρ τοιοῦτος ἔχων μελεδήματα θυμῷ αἰτίζῃ; χαλεπόν κεν ἀνήνασθαι δόσιν εἴη. κοῦροι δʼ, οἳ κατὰ δῆμον ἀριστεύουσι μεθʼ ἡμέας, οἵ οἱ ἕποντʼ· ἐν δʼ ἀρχὸν ἐγὼ βαίνοντʼ ἐνόησα Μέντορα, ἠὲ θεόν, τῷ δʼ αὐτῷ πάντα ἐῴκει. 655ἀλλὰ τὸ θαυμάζω· ἴδον ἐνθάδε Μέντορα δῖον χθιζὸν ὑπηοῖον, τότε δʼ ἔμβη νηὶ Πύλονδε. ὣς ἄρα φωνήσας ἀπέβη πρὸς δώματα πατρός, τοῖσιν δʼ ἀμφοτέροισιν ἀγάσσατο θυμὸς ἀγήνωρ. μνηστῆρας δʼ ἄμυδις κάθισαν καὶ παῦσαν ἀέθλων. 660τοῖσιν δʼ Ἀντίνοος μετέφη Εὐπείθεος υἱός, ἀχνύμενος· μένεος δὲ μέγα φρένες ἀμφιμέλαιναι πίμπλαντʼ, ὄσσε δέ οἱ πυρὶ λαμπετόωντι ἐίκτην· ὢ πόποι, ἦ μέγα ἔργον ὑπερφιάλως ἐτελέσθη Τηλεμάχῳ ὁδὸς ἥδε· φάμεν δέ οἱ οὐ τελέεσθαι.

And tell me this truly, that I may know full well. Was it perforce and against thy will that he took from thee the black ship? or didst thou give it him freely of thine own will, because he besought thee?” Then Noemon, son of Phronius, answered him:“I myself freely gave it him. What else could any man do, when a man like him, his heart laden with care, makes entreaty? Hard it were to deny the gift. The youths that are the noblest in the land after ourselves, even these have gone with him; and among them I noted one going on board as their leader, Mentor, or a god, who was in all things like unto Mentor. But at this I marvel. I saw goodly Mentor here yesterday at early dawn; but at that time he embarked for Pylos.” So saying he departed to his father's house, but of those two the proud hearts were angered. The wooers they straightway made to sit down and cease from their games; and among them spoke Antinous, son of Eupeithes, in displeasure; and with rage was his black heart wholly filled, and his eyes were like blazing fire. “Out upon him, verily a proud deed has been insolently brought to pass by Telemachus, even this journey, and we deemed that he would never see it accomplished.

665ἐκ τοσσῶνδʼ ἀέκητι νέος πάϊς οἴχεται αὔτως νῆα ἐρυσσάμενος, κρίνας τʼ ἀνὰ δῆμον ἀρίστους. ἄρξει καὶ προτέρω κακὸν ἔμμεναι· ἀλλά οἱ αὐτῷ Ζεὺς ὀλέσειε βίην, πρὶν ἥβης μέτρον ἱκέσθαι. ἀλλʼ ἄγε μοι δότε νῆα θοὴν καὶ εἴκοσʼ ἑταίρους, 670ὄφρα μιν αὐτὸν ἰόντα λοχήσομαι ἠδὲ φυλάξω ἐν πορθμῷ Ἰθάκης τε Σάμοιό τε παιπαλοέσσης, ὡς ἂν ἐπισμυγερῶς ναυτίλλεται εἵνεκα πατρός. ὣς ἔφαθʼ, οἱ δʼ ἄρα πάντες ἐπῄνεον ἠδʼ ἐκέλευον. αὐτίκʼ ἔπειτʼ ἀνστάντες ἔβαν δόμον εἰς Ὀδυσῆος. 675οὐδʼ ἄρα Πηνελόπεια πολὺν χρόνον ἦεν ἄπυστος μύθων, οὓς μνηστῆρες ἐνὶ φρεσὶ βυσσοδόμευον· κῆρυξ γάρ οἱ ἔειπε Μέδων, ὃς ἐπεύθετο βουλὰς αὐλῆς ἐκτὸς ἐών· οἱ δʼ ἔνδοθι μῆτιν ὕφαινον. βῆ δʼ ἴμεν ἀγγελέων διὰ δώματα Πηνελοπείῃ· 680τὸν δὲ κατʼ οὐδοῦ βάντα προσηύδα Πηνελόπεια· κῆρυξ, τίπτε δέ σε πρόεσαν μνηστῆρες ἀγαυοί; ἦ εἰπέμεναι δμῳῇσιν Ὀδυσσῆος θείοιο ἔργων παύσασθαι, σφίσι δʼ αὐτοῖς δαῖτα πένεσθαι;

Forth in despite of all of us here the lad is gone without more ado, launching a ship, and choosing the best men in the land. He will begin by and by to be our bane; but to his own undoing may Zeus destroy his might before ever he reaches the measure of manhood. But come, give me a swift ship and twenty men, that I may watch in ambush for him as he passes in the strait between Ithaca and rugged Samos. Thus shall his voyaging in search of his father come to a sorry end.” So he spoke, and they all praised his words, and bade him act. And straightway they rose up and went to the house of Odysseus. Now Penelope was no long time without knowledge of the plans which the wooers were plotting in the deep of their hearts; for the herald Medon told her, who heard their counsel as he stood without the court and they within were weaving their plot. So he went through the hall to bear the tidings to Penelope; and as he stepped across the threshold Penelope spoke to him and said: “Herald, why have the lordly wooers sent thee forth? Was it to tell the handmaids of divine Odysseus to cease from their tasks, and make ready a feast for them?

684μὴ μνηστεύσαντες μηδʼ ἄλλοθʼ ὁμιλήσαντες 685ὕστατα καὶ πύματα νῦν ἐνθάδε δειπνήσειαν· οἳ θάμʼ ἀγειρόμενοι βίοτον κατακείρετε πολλόν, κτῆσιν Τηλεμάχοιο δαΐφρονος· οὐδέ τι πατρῶν ὑμετέρων τὸ πρόσθεν ἀκούετε, παῖδες ἐόντες, οἷος Ὀδυσσεὺς ἔσκε μεθʼ ὑμετέροισι τοκεῦσιν, 690οὔτε τινὰ ῥέξας ἐξαίσιον οὔτε τι εἰπὼν ἐν δήμῳ, ἥ τʼ ἐστὶ δίκη θείων βασιλήων· ἄλλον κʼ ἐχθαίρῃσι βροτῶν, ἄλλον κε φιλοίη. κεῖνος δʼ οὔ ποτε πάμπαν ἀτάσθαλον ἄνδρα ἐώργει. ἀλλʼ ὁ μὲν ὑμέτερος θυμὸς καὶ ἀεικέα ἔργα 695φαίνεται, οὐδέ τίς ἐστι χάρις μετόπισθʼ ἐυεργέων. τὴν δʼ αὖτε προσέειπε Μέδων πεπνυμένα εἰδώς· αἲ γὰρ δή, βασίλεια, τόδε πλεῖστον κακὸν εἴη. ἀλλὰ πολὺ μεῖζόν τε καὶ ἀργαλεώτερον ἄλλο μνηστῆρες φράζονται, ὃ μὴ τελέσειε Κρονίων· 700Τηλέμαχον μεμάασι κατακτάμεν ὀξέι χαλκῷ οἴκαδε νισόμενον· ὁ δʼ ἔβη μετὰ πατρὸς ἀκουὴν ἐς Πύλον ἠγαθέην ἠδʼ ἐς Λακεδαίμονα δῖαν. ὣς φάτο, τῆς δʼ αὐτοῦ λύτο γούνατα καὶ φίλον ἦτορ, δὴν δέ μιν ἀμφασίη ἐπέων λάβε· τὼ δέ οἱ ὄσσε 705δακρυόφι πλῆσθεν, θαλερὴ δέ οἱ ἔσχετο φωνή. ὀψὲ δὲ δή μιν ἔπεσσιν ἀμειβομένη προσέειπε· κῆρυξ, τίπτε δέ μοι πάϊς οἴχεται; οὐδέ τί μιν χρεὼ νηῶν ὠκυπόρων ἐπιβαινέμεν, αἵ θʼ ἁλὸς ἵπποι ἀνδράσι γίγνονται, περόωσι δὲ πουλὺν ἐφʼ ὑγρήν. 710ἦ ἵνα μηδʼ ὄνομʼ αὐτοῦ ἐν ἀνθρώποισι λίπηται; τὴν δʼ ἠμείβετʼ ἔπειτα Μέδων πεπνυμένα εἰδώς· οὐκ οἶδʼ ἤ τίς μιν θεὸς ὤρορεν, ἦε καὶ αὐτοῦ θυμὸς ἐφωρμήθη ἴμεν ἐς Πύλον, ὄφρα πύθηται πατρὸς ἑοῦ ἢ νόστον ἢ ὅν τινα πότμον ἐπέσπεν.

Never wooing any more, nor consorting together elsewhere, may they now feast here their latest and their last—even ye who are ever thronging here and wasting much livelihood, the wealth of wise Telemachus. Surely ye hearkened not at all in olden days, when ye were children, when your fathers told what manner of man Odysseus was among them that begat you, in that he wrought no wrong in deed or word to any man in the land, as the wont is of divine kings—one man they hate and another they love. Yet he never wrought iniquity at all to any man. But your mind and your unseemly deeds are plain to see, nor is there in after days any gratitude for good deeds done.” Then Medon, wise of heart, answered her: “I would, O queen, that this were the greatest evil. But another greater far and more grievous are the wooers planning, which I pray that the son of Cronos may never bring to pass. They are minded to slay Telemachus with the sharp sword on his homeward way; for he went in quest of tidings of his father to sacred Pylos and to goodly Lacedaemon.” So he spoke, and her knees were loosened where she sat, and her heart melted. Long time she was speechless, and both her eyes were filled with tears, and the flow of her voice was checked. But at last she made answer, and said to him: “Herald, why is my son gone? He had no need to go on board swift-faring ships, which serve men as horses of the deep, and cross over the wide waters of the sea. Was it that not even his name should be left among men?” Then Medon, wise of heart, answered her: “I know not whether some god impelled him, or whether his own heart was moved to go to Pylos, that he might learn either of his father's return or what fate he had met.”

People and places in this passage

English translation by Augustus Taber Murray (1919). Original text: Augustus Taber Murray (ed.), Homer, The Odyssey, Loeb Classical Library, London: Heinemann; New York: Putnam, 1919, vols. 1-2 (Greek text, based on the Oxford Classical Text, and English translation, as digitised by Perseus).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.