Homer · Iliad Ἰλιάς

Homer, Iliad 2.484–558: The Catalogue of Ships (1): Boeotia to Salamis

The poet invokes the Muses, who are goddesses and know all things, since he could not name the whole host without them, and begins the Catalogue of the Achaean ships with the Boeotians. He lists the contingents from Orchomenus, Phocis, Locris and Euboea, and then the Athenians under Menestheus and Ajax's twelve ships from Salamis.

Lines 2.484–558 · 721 words · click a number to copy its link
484ἔσπετε νῦν μοι Μοῦσαι Ὀλύμπια δώματʼ ἔχουσαι· 485ὑμεῖς γὰρ θεαί ἐστε πάρεστέ τε ἴστέ τε πάντα, ἡμεῖς δὲ κλέος οἶον ἀκούομεν οὐδέ τι ἴδμεν· οἵ τινες ἡγεμόνες Δαναῶν καὶ κοίρανοι ἦσαν· πληθὺν δʼ οὐκ ἂν ἐγὼ μυθήσομαι οὐδʼ ὀνομήνω, οὐδʼ εἴ μοι δέκα μὲν γλῶσσαι, δέκα δὲ στόματʼ εἶεν, 490φωνὴ δʼ ἄρρηκτος, χάλκεον δέ μοι ἦτορ ἐνείη, εἰ μὴ Ὀλυμπιάδες Μοῦσαι Διὸς αἰγιόχοιο θυγατέρες μνησαίαθʼ ὅσοι ὑπὸ Ἴλιον ἦλθον· ἀρχοὺς αὖ νηῶν ἐρέω νῆάς τε προπάσας. Βοιωτῶν μὲν Πηνέλεως καὶ Λήϊτος ἦρχον 495Ἀρκεσίλαός τε Προθοήνωρ τε Κλονίος τε, οἵ θʼ Ὑρίην ἐνέμοντο καὶ Αὐλίδα πετρήεσσαν Σχοῖνόν τε Σκῶλόν τε πολύκνημόν τʼ Ἐτεωνόν, Θέσπειαν Γραῖάν τε καὶ εὐρύχορον Μυκαλησσόν, οἵ τʼ ἀμφʼ Ἅρμʼ ἐνέμοντο καὶ Εἰλέσιον καὶ Ἐρυθράς, 500οἵ τʼ Ἐλεῶνʼ εἶχον ἠδʼ Ὕλην καὶ Πετεῶνα, Ὠκαλέην Μεδεῶνά τʼ ἐϋκτίμενον πτολίεθρον, Κώπας Εὔτρησίν τε πολυτρήρωνά τε Θίσβην, οἵ τε Κορώνειαν καὶ ποιήενθʼ Ἁλίαρτον, οἵ τε Πλάταιαν ἔχον ἠδʼ οἳ Γλισᾶντʼ ἐνέμοντο, 505οἵ θʼ Ὑποθήβας εἶχον ἐϋκτίμενον πτολίεθρον, Ὀγχηστόν θʼ ἱερὸν Ποσιδήϊον ἀγλαὸν ἄλσος, οἵ τε πολυστάφυλον Ἄρνην ἔχον, οἵ τε Μίδειαν Νῖσάν τε ζαθέην Ἀνθηδόνα τʼ ἐσχατόωσαν· τῶν μὲν πεντήκοντα νέες κίον, ἐν δὲ ἑκάστῃ 510κοῦροι Βοιωτῶν ἑκατὸν καὶ εἴκοσι βαῖνον.

Tell me now, ye Muses that have dwellings on Olympus— for ye are goddesses and are at hand and know all things, whereas we hear but a rumour and know not anything—who were the captains of the Danaans and their lords. But the common folk I could not tell nor name, nay, not though ten tongues were mine and ten mouths and a voice unwearying, and though the heart within me were of bronze, did not the Muses of Olympus, daughters of Zeus that beareth the aegis, call to my mind all them that came beneath Ilios. Now will I tell the captains of the ships and the ships in their order. Of the Boeotians Peneleos and Leïtus were captains, and Arcesilaus and Prothoënor and Clonius; these were they that dwelt in Hyria and rocky Aulis and Schoenus and Scolus and Eteonus with its many ridges, Thespeia, Graea, and spacious Mycalessus; and that dwelt about Harma and Eilesium and Erythrae; and that held Eleon and Hyle and Peteon, Ocalea and Medeon, the well-built citadel, Copae, Eutresis, and Thisbe, the haunt of doves; that dwelt in Coroneia and grassy Haliartus, and that held Plataea and dwelt in Glisas; that held lower Thebe, the well-built citadel, and holy Onchestus, the bright grove of Poseidon; and that held Arne, rich in vines, and Mideia and sacred Nisa and Anthedon on the seaboard. Of these there came fifty ships, and on board of each went young men of the Boeotians an hundred and twenty.

511οἳ δʼ Ἀσπληδόνα ναῖον ἰδʼ Ὀρχομενὸν Μινύειον, τῶν ἦρχʼ Ἀσκάλαφος καὶ Ἰάλμενος υἷες Ἄρηος οὓς τέκεν Ἀστυόχη δόμῳ Ἄκτορος Ἀζεΐδαο, παρθένος αἰδοίη ὑπερώϊον εἰσαναβᾶσα 515Ἄρηϊ κρατερῷ· ὃ δέ οἱ παρελέξατο λάθρῃ· τοῖς δὲ τριήκοντα γλαφυραὶ νέες ἐστιχόωντο. αὐτὰρ Φωκήων Σχεδίος καὶ Ἐπίστροφος ἦρχον υἷες Ἰφίτου μεγαθύμου Ναυβολίδαο, οἳ Κυπάρισσον ἔχον Πυθῶνά τε πετρήεσσαν 520Κρῖσάν τε ζαθέην καὶ Δαυλίδα καὶ Πανοπῆα, οἵ τʼ Ἀνεμώρειαν καὶ Ὑάμπολιν ἀμφενέμοντο, οἵ τʼ ἄρα πὰρ ποταμὸν Κηφισὸν δῖον ἔναιον, οἵ τε Λίλαιαν ἔχον πηγῇς ἔπι Κηφισοῖο· τοῖς δʼ ἅμα τεσσαράκοντα μέλαιναι νῆες ἕποντο. 525οἳ μὲν Φωκήων στίχας ἵστασαν ἀμφιέποντες, Βοιωτῶν δʼ ἔμπλην ἐπʼ ἀριστερὰ θωρήσσοντο.

And they that dwelt in Aspledon and Orchomenus of the Minyae were led by Ascalaphus and Ialmenus, sons of Ares, whom, in the palace of Actor, son of Azeus, Astyoche, the honoured maiden, conceived of mighty Ares, when she had entered into her upper chamber; for he lay with her in secret. And with these were ranged thirty hollow ships. And of the Phocians Schedius and Epistrophus were captains, sons of great-souled Iphitus, son of Naubolus; these were they that held Cyparissus and rocky Pytho, and sacred Crisa and Daulis and Panopeus; and that dwelt about Anemoreia and Hyampolis, and that lived beside the goodly river Cephisus, and that held Lilaea by the springs of Cephisus. With these followed forty black ships. And their leaders busily marshalled the ranks of the Phocians, and made ready for battle hard by the Boeotians on the left.

527Λοκρῶν δʼ ἡγεμόνευεν Ὀϊλῆος ταχὺς Αἴας μείων, οὔ τι τόσος γε ὅσος Τελαμώνιος Αἴας ἀλλὰ πολὺ μείων· ὀλίγος μὲν ἔην λινοθώρηξ, 530ἐγχείῃ δʼ ἐκέκαστο Πανέλληνας καὶ Ἀχαιούς· οἳ Κῦνόν τʼ ἐνέμοντʼ Ὀπόεντά τε Καλλίαρόν τε Βῆσσάν τε Σκάρφην τε καὶ Αὐγειὰς ἐρατεινὰς Τάρφην τε Θρόνιον τε Βοαγρίου ἀμφὶ ῥέεθρα· τῷ δʼ ἅμα τεσσαράκοντα μέλαιναι νῆες ἕποντο 535Λοκρῶν, οἳ ναίουσι πέρην ἱερῆς Εὐβοίης. οἳ δʼ Εὔβοιαν ἔχον μένεα πνείοντες Ἄβαντες Χαλκίδα τʼ Εἰρέτριάν τε πολυστάφυλόν θʼ Ἱστίαιαν Κήρινθόν τʼ ἔφαλον Δίου τʼ αἰπὺ πτολίεθρον, οἵ τε Κάρυστον ἔχον ἠδʼ οἳ Στύρα ναιετάασκον, 540τῶν αὖθʼ ἡγεμόνευʼ Ἐλεφήνωρ ὄζος Ἄρηος Χαλκωδοντιάδης μεγαθύμων ἀρχὸς Ἀβάντων. τῷ δʼ ἅμʼ Ἄβαντες ἕποντο θοοὶ ὄπιθεν κομόωντες αἰχμηταὶ μεμαῶτες ὀρεκτῇσιν μελίῃσι θώρηκας ῥήξειν δηΐων ἀμφὶ στήθεσσι· 545τῷ δʼ ἅμα τεσσαράκοντα μέλαιναι νῆες ἕποντο. οἳ δʼ ἄρʼ Ἀθήνας εἶχον ἐϋκτίμενον πτολίεθρον δῆμον Ἐρεχθῆος μεγαλήτορος, ὅν ποτʼ Ἀθήνη θρέψε Διὸς θυγάτηρ, τέκε δὲ ζείδωρος ἄρουρα, κὰδ δʼ ἐν Ἀθήνῃς εἷσεν ἑῷ ἐν πίονι νηῷ· 550ἔνθα δέ μιν ταύροισι καὶ ἀρνειοῖς ἱλάονται κοῦροι Ἀθηναίων περιτελλομένων ἐνιαυτῶν· τῶν αὖθʼ ἡγεμόνευʼ υἱὸς Πετεῶο Μενεσθεύς. τῷ δʼ οὔ πώ τις ὁμοῖος ἐπιχθόνιος γένετʼ ἀνὴρ κοσμῆσαι ἵππους τε καὶ ἀνέρας ἀσπιδιώτας· 555Νέστωρ οἶος ἔριζεν· ὃ γὰρ προγενέστερος ἦεν· τῷ δʼ ἅμα πεντήκοντα μέλαιναι νῆες ἕποντο. Αἴας δʼ ἐκ Σαλαμῖνος ἄγεν δυοκαίδεκα νῆας, στῆσε δʼ ἄγων ἵνʼ Ἀθηναίων ἵσταντο φάλαγγες.

And the Loerians had as leader the swift son of Oïleus, Aias the less, in no wise as great as Telamonian Aias, but far less. Small of stature was he, with corselet of linen, but with the spear he far excelled the whole host of Hellenes and Achaeans. These were they that dwelt in Cynus and Opus and Calliarus and Bessa and Scarphe and lovely Augeiae and Tarphe and Thronium about the streams of Boagrius. With Aias followed forty black ships of the Locrians that dwell over against sacred Euboea. And the Abantes, breathing fury, that held Euboea and Chalcis and Eretria and Histiaea, rich in vines, and Cerinthus, hard by the sea, and the steep citadel of Dios; and that held Carystus and dwelt in Styra,— all these again had as leader Elephenor, scion of Ares, him that was son of Chalcodon and captain of the great-souled Abantes. And with him followed the swift Abantes, with hair long at the back, spearmen eager with outstretched ashen spears to rend the corselets about the breasts of the foemen. And with him there followed forty black ships. And they that held Athens, the well-built citadel, the land of great-hearted Erechtheus, whom of old Athene, daughter of Zeus, fostered, when the earth, the giver of grain, had borne him; and she made him to dwell in Athens, in her own rich sanctuary, and there the youths of the Athenians, as the years roll on in their courses, seek to win his favour with sacrifices of bulls and rams;—these again had as leader Menestheus, son of Peteos. Like unto him was none other man upon the face of the earth for the marshalling of chariots and of warriors that bear the shield. Only Nestor could vie with him, for he was the elder. And with him there followed fifty black ships. And Aias led from Salamis twelve ships, and stationed them where the battalions of the Athenians stood.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Augustus Taber Murray (1924). Original text: David B. Monro and Thomas W. Allen (eds.), Homeri Opera, Oxford Classical Texts, 3rd ed., vols. 1-2, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1908-1920 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus); English: Augustus Taber Murray, Homer, The Iliad, Loeb Classical Library, London: Heinemann; New York: Putnam, 1924-1925.

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.