Homer · Iliad Ἰλιάς

Homer, Iliad 1.493–611: Thetis begs Zeus; the quarrel of Zeus and Hera

After twelve days the gods return to Olympus, and Thetis goes up to clasp the knees of Zeus and ask him to honour her son by giving the Trojans the upper hand. Zeus is troubled because it will anger Hera, but he bows his head in assent. Hera upbraids him for plotting in secret and he threatens her, until Hephaestus calms the gods by pouring wine, and they feast and sleep.

Lines 1.493–611 · 1315 words · click a number to copy its link
493ἀλλʼ ὅτε δή ῥʼ ἐκ τοῖο δυωδεκάτη γένετʼ ἠώς, καὶ τότε δὴ πρὸς Ὄλυμπον ἴσαν θεοὶ αἰὲν ἐόντες 495πάντες ἅμα, Ζεὺς δʼ ἦρχε· Θέτις δʼ οὐ λήθετʼ ἐφετμέων παιδὸς ἑοῦ, ἀλλʼ ἥ γʼ ἀνεδύσετο κῦμα θαλάσσης. ἠερίη δʼ ἀνέβη μέγαν οὐρανὸν Οὔλυμπόν τε. εὗρεν δʼ εὐρύοπα Κρονίδην ἄτερ ἥμενον ἄλλων ἀκροτάτῃ κορυφῇ πολυδειράδος Οὐλύμποιο· 500καί ῥα πάροιθʼ αὐτοῖο καθέζετο, καὶ λάβε γούνων σκαιῇ, δεξιτερῇ δʼ ἄρʼ ὑπʼ ἀνθερεῶνος ἑλοῦσα λισσομένη προσέειπε Δία Κρονίωνα ἄνακτα· Ζεῦ πάτερ εἴ ποτε δή σε μετʼ ἀθανάτοισιν ὄνησα ἢ ἔπει ἢ ἔργῳ, τόδε μοι κρήηνον ἐέλδωρ· 505τίμησόν μοι υἱὸν ὃς ὠκυμορώτατος ἄλλων ἔπλετʼ· ἀτάρ μιν νῦν γε ἄναξ ἀνδρῶν Ἀγαμέμνων ἠτίμησεν· ἑλὼν γὰρ ἔχει γέρας αὐτὸς ἀπούρας. ἀλλὰ σύ πέρ μιν τῖσον Ὀλύμπιε μητίετα Ζεῦ· τόφρα δʼ ἐπὶ Τρώεσσι τίθει κράτος ὄφρʼ ἂν Ἀχαιοὶ 510υἱὸν ἐμὸν τίσωσιν ὀφέλλωσίν τέ ἑ τιμῇ.

Now when the twelfth morning thereafter had come, then into Olympus came the gods who are for ever, all in one company, and Zeus led the way. And Thetis did not forget the behest of her son, but rose up from the wave of the sea, and at early morning went up to great heaven and Olympus. There she found the far-seeing son of Cronos sitting apart from the rest upon the topmost peak of many-ridged Olympus. So she sat down before him, and clasped his knees with her left hand, while with her right she touched him beneath the chin, and she spoke in prayer to king Zeus, son of Cronos: Father Zeus, if ever amid the immortals I gave you aid by word or deed, grant me this prayer: do honour to my son, who is doomed to a speedy death beyond all other men; yet now Agamemnon, king of men, has dishonoured him, for he has taken and keeps his prize by his own arrogant act. But honour him, Olympian Zeus, lord of counsel; and give might to the Trojans, until the Achaeans do honour to my son, and magnify him with recompense. So she spoke; but Zeus, the cloud-gatherer, spoke no word to her, but sat a long time in silence.

511ὣς φάτο· τὴν δʼ οὔ τι προσέφη νεφεληγερέτα Ζεύς, ἀλλʼ ἀκέων δὴν ἧστο· Θέτις δʼ ὡς ἥψατο γούνων ὣς ἔχετʼ ἐμπεφυυῖα, καὶ εἴρετο δεύτερον αὖτις· νημερτὲς μὲν δή μοι ὑπόσχεο καὶ κατάνευσον 515ἢ ἀπόειπʼ, ἐπεὶ οὔ τοι ἔπι δέος, ὄφρʼ ἐῢ εἰδέω ὅσσον ἐγὼ μετὰ πᾶσιν ἀτιμοτάτη θεός εἰμι. τὴν δὲ μέγʼ ὀχθήσας προσέφη νεφεληγερέτα Ζεύς· ἦ δὴ λοίγια ἔργʼ ὅ τέ μʼ ἐχθοδοπῆσαι ἐφήσεις Ἥρῃ ὅτʼ ἄν μʼ ἐρέθῃσιν ὀνειδείοις ἐπέεσσιν· 520ἣ δὲ καὶ αὔτως μʼ αἰεὶ ἐν ἀθανάτοισι θεοῖσι νεικεῖ, καί τέ μέ φησι μάχῃ Τρώεσσιν ἀρήγειν. ἀλλὰ σὺ μὲν νῦν αὖτις ἀπόστιχε μή τι νοήσῃ Ἥρη· ἐμοὶ δέ κε ταῦτα μελήσεται ὄφρα τελέσσω· εἰ δʼ ἄγε τοι κεφαλῇ κατανεύσομαι ὄφρα πεποίθῃς· 525τοῦτο γὰρ ἐξ ἐμέθεν γε μετʼ ἀθανάτοισι μέγιστον τέκμωρ· οὐ γὰρ ἐμὸν παλινάγρετον οὐδʼ ἀπατηλὸν οὐδʼ ἀτελεύτητον ὅ τί κεν κεφαλῇ κατανεύσω. ἦ καὶ κυανέῃσιν ἐπʼ ὀφρύσι νεῦσε Κρονίων· ἀμβρόσιαι δʼ ἄρα χαῖται ἐπερρώσαντο ἄνακτος 530κρατὸς ἀπʼ ἀθανάτοιο· μέγαν δʼ ἐλέλιξεν Ὄλυμπον.

Yet Thetis, even as she had clasped his knees, so held to him, clinging close, and questioned him again a second time: Give me your infallible promise, and bow your head to it, or else deny me, for there is nothing to make you afraid; so that I may know well how far I among all the gods am honoured the least. Then, greatly troubled, Zeus, the cloud-gatherer spoke to her: Surely this will be sorry work, since you will set me on to engage in strife with Hera, when she shall anger me with taunting words. Even now she always upbraids me among the immortal gods, and declares that I give aid to the Trojans in battle. But for the present, depart again, lest Hera note something; and I will take thought for these things to bring all to pass. Come, I will bow my head to you, that thou may be certain, for this from me is the surest token among the immortals; no word of mine may be recalled, nor is false, nor unfulfilled, to which I bow my head. The son of Cronos spoke, and bowed his dark brow in assent, and the ambrosial locks waved from the king's immortal head; and he made great Olympus quake.

531τώ γʼ ὣς βουλεύσαντε διέτμαγεν· ἣ μὲν ἔπειτα εἰς ἅλα ἆλτο βαθεῖαν ἀπʼ αἰγλήεντος Ὀλύμπου, Ζεὺς δὲ ἑὸν πρὸς δῶμα· θεοὶ δʼ ἅμα πάντες ἀνέσταν ἐξ ἑδέων σφοῦ πατρὸς ἐναντίον· οὐδέ τις ἔτλη 535μεῖναι ἐπερχόμενον, ἀλλʼ ἀντίοι ἔσταν ἅπαντες. ὣς ὃ μὲν ἔνθα καθέζετʼ ἐπὶ θρόνου· οὐδέ μιν Ἥρη ἠγνοίησεν ἰδοῦσʼ ὅτι οἱ συμφράσσατο βουλὰς ἀργυρόπεζα Θέτις θυγάτηρ ἁλίοιο γέροντος. αὐτίκα κερτομίοισι Δία Κρονίωνα προσηύδα· 540τίς δʼ αὖ τοι δολομῆτα θεῶν συμφράσσατο βουλάς; αἰεί τοι φίλον ἐστὶν ἐμεῦ ἀπὸ νόσφιν ἐόντα κρυπτάδια φρονέοντα δικαζέμεν· οὐδέ τί πώ μοι πρόφρων τέτληκας εἰπεῖν ἔπος ὅττι νοήσῃς. τὴν δʼ ἠμείβετʼ ἔπειτα πατὴρ ἀνδρῶν τε θεῶν τε· 545Ἥρη μὴ δὴ πάντας ἐμοὺς ἐπιέλπεο μύθους εἰδήσειν· χαλεποί τοι ἔσοντʼ ἀλόχῳ περ ἐούσῃ· ἀλλʼ ὃν μέν κʼ ἐπιεικὲς ἀκουέμεν οὔ τις ἔπειτα οὔτε θεῶν πρότερος τὸν εἴσεται οὔτʼ ἀνθρώπων· ὃν δέ κʼ ἐγὼν ἀπάνευθε θεῶν ἐθέλωμι νοῆσαι 550μή τι σὺ ταῦτα ἕκαστα διείρεο μηδὲ μετάλλα.

When the two had taken counsel together in this way, they parted; she leapt straightway into the deep sea from gleaming Olympus, and Zeus went to his own palace. All the gods together rose from their seats before the face of their father; no one dared to await his coming, but they all rose up before him. So he sat down there upon his throne; but Hera saw, and failed not to note how silver-footed Thetis, daughter of the old man of the sea, had taken counsel with him. Forthwith then she spoke to Zeus, son of Cronos, with mocking words: Who of the gods, crafty one, has now again taken counsel with you? Always is it your pleasure to hold aloof from me, and to give judgments which you have pondered in secret, nor have you ever brought yourself with a ready heart to declare to me the matter which you devise. In answer to her spoke the father of men and gods: Hera, do not hope to know all my words: hard will they prove for you, though you are my wife. Whatever it is fitting for you to hear, this none other shall know before you, whether of gods or men; but what I wish to devise apart from the gods, of all this do not in any way inquire nor ask. In answer to him spoke the ox-eyed lady Hera: Most dread son of Cronos, what a word you have said!

551τὸν δʼ ἠμείβετʼ ἔπειτα βοῶπις πότνια Ἥρη· αἰνότατε Κρονίδη ποῖον τὸν μῦθον ἔειπες; καὶ λίην σε πάρος γʼ οὔτʼ εἴρομαι οὔτε μεταλλῶ, ἀλλὰ μάλʼ εὔκηλος τὰ φράζεαι ἅσσʼ ἐθέλῃσθα. 555νῦν δʼ αἰνῶς δείδοικα κατὰ φρένα μή σε παρείπῃ ἀργυρόπεζα Θέτις θυγάτηρ ἁλίοιο γέροντος· ἠερίη γὰρ σοί γε παρέζετο καὶ λάβε γούνων· τῇ σʼ ὀΐω κατανεῦσαι ἐτήτυμον ὡς Ἀχιλῆα τιμήσῃς, ὀλέσῃς δὲ πολέας ἐπὶ νηυσὶν Ἀχαιῶν. 560τὴν δʼ ἀπαμειβόμενος προσέφη νεφεληγερέτα Ζεύς· δαιμονίη αἰεὶ μὲν ὀΐεαι οὐδέ σε λήθω· πρῆξαι δʼ ἔμπης οὔ τι δυνήσεαι, ἀλλʼ ἀπὸ θυμοῦ μᾶλλον ἐμοὶ ἔσεαι· τὸ δέ τοι καὶ ῥίγιον ἔσται. εἰ δʼ οὕτω τοῦτʼ ἐστὶν ἐμοὶ μέλλει φίλον εἶναι· 565ἀλλʼ ἀκέουσα κάθησο, ἐμῷ δʼ ἐπιπείθεο μύθῳ, μή νύ τοι οὐ χραίσμωσιν ὅσοι θεοί εἰσʼ ἐν Ὀλύμπῳ ἆσσον ἰόνθʼ, ὅτε κέν τοι ἀάπτους χεῖρας ἐφείω.

Truly, in the past I have not been accustomed to inquire nor ask you, but at your ease you devise all things whatever you wish. But now I have wondrous dread at heart, lest silver-footed Thetis, daughter of the old man of the sea, have beguiled you; for at early dawn she sat by you and clasped your knees. To her, I think, you bowed your head in sure token that you will honour Achilles, and bring many to death beside the ships of the Achaeans. Then in answer to her spoke Zeus, the cloud-gatherer: Strange one, you are always suspecting, and I do not escape you; yet you shall be able to accomplish nothing, but shall be even further from my heart; and that shall be the worse for you. If this thing is as you say, then it must be pleasing to me. Sit down in silence, and obey my word, lest all the gods that are in Olympus avail you not against my drawing near, when I put forth upon you my irresistible hands. He spoke, and ox-eyed lady Hera was seized with fear, and sat down in silence, curbing her heart.

568ὣς ἔφατʼ ἔδεισεν δὲ βοῶπις πότνια Ἥρη, καί ῥʼ ἀκέουσα καθῆστο ἐπιγνάμψασα φίλον κῆρ· 570ὄχθησαν δʼ ἀνὰ δῶμα Διὸς θεοὶ Οὐρανίωνες· τοῖσιν δʼ Ἥφαιστος κλυτοτέχνης ἦρχʼ ἀγορεύειν μητρὶ φίλῃ ἐπίηρα φέρων λευκωλένῳ Ἥρῃ· ἦ δὴ λοίγια ἔργα τάδʼ ἔσσεται οὐδʼ ἔτʼ ἀνεκτά, εἰ δὴ σφὼ ἕνεκα θνητῶν ἐριδαίνετον ὧδε, 575ἐν δὲ θεοῖσι κολῳὸν ἐλαύνετον· οὐδέ τι δαιτὸς ἐσθλῆς ἔσσεται ἦδος, ἐπεὶ τὰ χερείονα νικᾷ. μητρὶ δʼ ἐγὼ παράφημι καὶ αὐτῇ περ νοεούσῃ πατρὶ φίλῳ ἐπίηρα φέρειν Διί, ὄφρα μὴ αὖτε νεικείῃσι πατήρ, σὺν δʼ ἡμῖν δαῖτα ταράξῃ. 580εἴ περ γάρ κʼ ἐθέλῃσιν Ὀλύμπιος ἀστεροπητὴς ἐξ ἑδέων στυφελίξαι· ὃ γὰρ πολὺ φέρτατός ἐστιν. ἀλλὰ σὺ τὸν ἐπέεσσι καθάπτεσθαι μαλακοῖσιν· αὐτίκʼ ἔπειθʼ ἵλαος Ὀλύμπιος ἔσσεται ἡμῖν.

Then troubled were the gods of heaven throughout the palace of Zeus, and among them Hephaestus, the famed craftsman, was first to speak, doing pleasure to his dear mother, white-armed Hera: Surely this will be sorry work, that is no longer bearable, if you two are to wrangle thus for mortals' sakes, and set the gods in tumult; neither will there be any joy in the excellent feast, since worse things prevail. And I give counsel to my mother, wise though she be herself, to do pleasure to our dear father Zeus, that the father upbraid her not again, and bring confusion upon our feast. What if the Olympian, the lord of the lightning, were minded to dash us from our seats! for he is mightiest far. But address him with gentle words; so shall the Olympian forthwith be gracious to us.

584ὣς ἄρʼ ἔφη καὶ ἀναΐξας δέπας ἀμφικύπελλον 585μητρὶ φίλῃ ἐν χειρὶ τίθει καί μιν προσέειπε· τέτλαθι μῆτερ ἐμή, καὶ ἀνάσχεο κηδομένη περ, μή σε φίλην περ ἐοῦσαν ἐν ὀφθαλμοῖσιν ἴδωμαι θεινομένην, τότε δʼ οὔ τι δυνήσομαι ἀχνύμενός περ χραισμεῖν· ἀργαλέος γὰρ Ὀλύμπιος ἀντιφέρεσθαι· 590ἤδη γάρ με καὶ ἄλλοτʼ ἀλεξέμεναι μεμαῶτα ῥῖψε ποδὸς τεταγὼν ἀπὸ βηλοῦ θεσπεσίοιο, πᾶν δʼ ἦμαρ φερόμην, ἅμα δʼ ἠελίῳ καταδύντι κάππεσον ἐν Λήμνῳ, ὀλίγος δʼ ἔτι θυμὸς ἐνῆεν· ἔνθά με Σίντιες ἄνδρες ἄφαρ κομίσαντο πεσόντα. 595ὣς φάτο, μείδησεν δὲ θεὰ λευκώλενος Ἥρη, μειδήσασα δὲ παιδὸς ἐδέξατο χειρὶ κύπελλον· αὐτὰρ ὃ τοῖς ἄλλοισι θεοῖς ἐνδέξια πᾶσιν οἰνοχόει γλυκὺ νέκταρ ἀπὸ κρητῆρος ἀφύσσων· ἄσβεστος δʼ ἄρʼ ἐνῶρτο γέλως μακάρεσσι θεοῖσιν 600ὡς ἴδον Ἥφαιστον διὰ δώματα ποιπνύοντα. ὣς τότε μὲν πρόπαν ἦμαρ ἐς ἠέλιον καταδύντα δαίνυντʼ, οὐδέ τι θυμὸς ἐδεύετο δαιτὸς ἐΐσης, οὐ μὲν φόρμιγγος περικαλλέος ἣν ἔχʼ Ἀπόλλων, Μουσάων θʼ αἳ ἄειδον ἀμειβόμεναι ὀπὶ καλῇ. 605αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ κατέδυ λαμπρὸν φάος ἠελίοιο, οἳ μὲν κακκείοντες ἔβαν οἶκον δὲ ἕκαστος, ἧχι ἑκάστῳ δῶμα περικλυτὸς ἀμφιγυήεις Ἥφαιστος ποίησεν ἰδυίῃσι πραπίδεσσι· Ζεὺς δὲ πρὸς ὃν λέχος ἤϊʼ Ὀλύμπιος ἀστεροπητής, 610ἔνθα πάρος κοιμᾶθʼ ὅτε μιν γλυκὺς ὕπνος ἱκάνοι· ἔνθα καθεῦδʼ ἀναβάς, παρὰ δὲ χρυσόθρονος Ἥρη.

So saying, he sprang up and placed in his dear mother's hand the double cup, and spoke to her: Be patient, my mother, and endure for all your grief, lest, dear as you are to me, my eyes see you stricken, and then I shall in no way be able to succour you for all my sorrow; for a hard foe is the Olympian to meet in strife. On a time before this, when I was striving to save you, he caught me by the foot and hurled me from the heavenly threshold; the whole day long I was carried headlong, and at sunset I fell in Lemnos, and but little life was in me. There the Sintian folk quickly tended me for my fall. So he spoke, and the goddess, white-armed Hera, smiled, and smiling took in her hand the cup from her son. Then he poured wine for all the other gods from left to right, drawing forth sweet nectar from the bowl. And unquenchable laughter arose among the blessed gods, as they saw Hephaestus puffing through the palace. Thus the whole day long till the setting of the sun they feasted, nor did their heart lack anything of the equal feast, nor of the beauteous lyre, that Apollo held, nor yet of the Muses, who sang, replying one to the other with sweet voices. But when the bright light of the sun was set, they went each to his own house to take their rest, where for each one a palace had been built with cunning skill by the famed Hephaestus, the limping god; and Zeus, the Olympian, lord of the lightning, went to his couch, where of old he took his rest, whenever sweet sleep came upon him. There went he up and slept, and beside him lay Hera of the golden throne.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Augustus Taber Murray (1924). Original text: David B. Monro and Thomas W. Allen (eds.), Homeri Opera, Oxford Classical Texts, 3rd ed., vols. 1-2, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1908-1920 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus); English: Augustus Taber Murray, Homer, The Iliad, Loeb Classical Library, London: Heinemann; New York: Putnam, 1924-1925.

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.