Aristophanes · The Knights Ἱππεῖς

Aristophanes, The Knights 973–1110b: Episode: the rival oracles of Bakis and Glanis

The Chorus sing of the day of Cleon's fall. Paphlagon reads oracles of Bakis, and the Sausage-seller reads those of Bakis's elder brother Glanis, about a dog, a lion, a wall of wood and iron, a hound-fox and an eagle, and each explains the verses in his own favour. They offer Demus rival dreams of Athena, and he gives himself over to the Sausage-seller's care. He then says that whichever of them brings him the most titbits that day will be given the Pnyx.

Lines 973–1110b · 1204 words · click a number to copy its link
Χορός 973ἥδιστον φάος ἡμέρας ἔσται τοῖσι παροῦσι καὶ 975τοῖσι δεῦρʼ ἀφικνουμένοις, ἢν Κλέων ἀπόληται. καίτοι πρεσβυτέρων τινῶν οἵων ἀργαλεωτάτων ἐν τῷ δείγματι τῶν δικῶν 980ἤκουσʼ ἀντιλεγόντων, ὡς εἰ μὴ ʼγένεθʼ οὗτος ἐν τῇ πόλει μέγας, οὐκ ἂν ἤστην σκεύη δύο χρησίμω, δοῖδυξ οὐδὲ τορύνη. 985ἀλλὰ καὶ τόδʼ ἔγωγε θαυμάζω τῆς ὑομουσίας αὐτοῦ· φασὶ γὰρ αὐτὸν οἱ παῖδες οἳ ξυνεφοίτων, τὴν Δωριστὶ μόνην ἂν ἁρμόττεσθαι 990θαμὰ τὴν λύραν, ἄλλην δʼ οὐκ ἐθέλειν μαθεῖν· κᾆτα τὸν κιθαριστὴν ὀργισθέντʼ ἀπάγειν κελεύειν, ὡς ἁρμονίαν ὁ παῖς 995οὗτος οὐ δύναται μαθεῖν ἢν μὴ Δωροδοκιστί. Κλέων ἰδοὺ θέασαι, κοὐχ ἅπαντας ἐκφέρω. Ἀλλαντοπώλης οἴμʼ ὡς χεσείω, κοὐχ ἅπαντας ἐκφέρω.

CHORUS O bright and joyous day, O day most sweet to all Both near and far away, The day of Cleon’s fall. Yet in our Action-mart I overheard by chance Some ancient sires and tart This counter-plea advance, That but for him the State Two things had ne’er possessed:— A stirrer-up of hate, A PESTLE of unrest. His swine-bred music we With wondering hearts admire; At school, his mates agree, He always tuned his lyre In Dorian style to play. His master wrathful grew; He sent the boy away, And this conclusion drew, This boy from all his friends Donations seeks to wile, His art begins and ends In Dono-do-rian style.

Δῆμος 999ταυτὶ τί ἔστι; Κλέων λόγια. Δῆμος πάντʼ; Κλέων ἐθαύμασας; 1000καὶ νὴ Δίʼ ἔτι γέ μοὔστι κιβωτὸς πλέα. Ἀλλαντοπώλης ἐμοὶ δʼ ὑπερῷον καὶ ξυνοικία δύο. Δῆμος φέρʼ ἴδω, τίνος γάρ εἰσιν οἱ χρησμοί ποτε; Κλέων οὑμοὶ μέν εἰσι Βάκιδος. Δῆμος οἱ δὲ σοὶ τίνος; Ἀλλαντοπώλης Γλάνιδος, ἀδελφοῦ τοῦ Βάκιδος γεραιτέρου. Δῆμος 1005εἰσὶν δὲ περὶ τοῦ; Κλέων περὶ Ἀθηνῶν, περὶ Πύλου, περὶ σοῦ, περὶ ἐμοῦ, περὶ ἁπάντων πραγμάτων. Δῆμος οἱ σοὶ δὲ περὶ τοῦ; Ἀλλαντοπώλης περὶ Ἀθηνῶν, περὶ φακῆς, περὶ Λακεδαιμονίων, περὶ σκόμβρων νέων, περὶ τῶν μετρούντων τἄλφιτʼ ἐν ἀγορᾷ κακῶς, 1010περὶ σοῦ, περὶ ἐμοῦ, περὶ ἁπάντων πραγμάτων. Δῆμος ἄγε νυν ὅπως αὐτοὺς ἀναγνώσεσθέ μοι, καὶ τὸν περὶ ἐμοῦ ʼκεῖνον ᾧπερ ἥδομαι, ὡς ἐν νεφέλαισιν αἰετὸς γενήσομαι. Κλέων ἄκουε δή νυν καὶ πρόσεχε τὸν νοῦν ἐμοί. 1015φράζευ Ἐρεχθεΐδη λογίων ὁδόν, ἥν σοι Ἀπόλλων ἴαχεν ἐξ ἀδύτοιο διὰ τριπόδων ἐριτίμων. σῴζεσθαί σʼ ἐκέλευσʼ ἱερὸν κύνα καρχαρόδοντα,

DEMUS What are they?

PAPHLAGON Oracles!

DEMUS All?

PAPHLAGON You seem surprised; By Zeus, I’ve got a chestful more at home.

SAUSAGE-SELLER And I a garret and two cellars full.

DEMUS Come, let me see. Whose oracles are these?

PAPHLAGON Mine are by Bakis.

DEMUS (To S.S.) And by whom are yours?

SAUSAGE-SELLER Mine are by Glanis, Bakis’s elder brother.

DEMUS What do they treat of?

PAPHLAGON Mine? Of Athens, Pylus, Of you, of me, of every blessed thing.

DEMUS (To S.S.) And you; of what treat yours?

SAUSAGE-SELLER Of Athens, pottage, Of Lacedaemon, mackerel freshly caught, Of swindling barley-measurers in the mart, Of you, of me. That nincompoop be hanged.

DEMUS Well read them out; and prithee don’t forget The one I love to hear about myself, That I’m to soar, an Eagle, in the clouds.

PAPHLAGON Now then give ear, and hearken to my words. KEEP THOU WELL, ERECHTHEIDES, THE ORACLE’S DRIFT, WHICH APOLLO OUT OF HIS SECRET SHRINE THROUGH PRICELESS TRIPODS DELIVERED. KEEP THOU SAFELY THE DOG, THY JAG-TOOTHED HOLY PROTECTOR.

Κλέων 1018ὃς πρὸ σέθεν λάσκων καὶ ὑπὲρ σοῦ δεινὰ κεκραγὼς σοὶ μισθὸν ποριεῖ, κἂν μὴ δρᾷ ταῦτʼ ἀπολεῖται. 1020πολλοὶ γὰρ μίσει σφε κατακρώζουσι κολοιοί. Δῆμος ταυτὶ μὰ τὴν Δήμητρʼ ἐγὼ οὐκ οἶδʼ ὅ τι λέγει. τί γάρ ἐστʼ Ἐρεχθεῖ καὶ κολοιοῖς καὶ κυνί; Κλέων ἐγὼ μέν εἰμʼ ὁ κύων· πρὸ σοῦ γὰρ ἀπύω· σοὶ δʼ εἶπε σῴζεσθαί μʼ ὁ Φοῖβος τὸν κύνα. Ἀλλαντοπώλης 1025οὐ τοῦτό φησʼ ὁ χρησμός, ἀλλʼ ὁ κύων ὁδὶ ὥσπερ θύρας σοῦ τῶν λογίων παρεσθίει. ἐμοὶ γάρ ἐστʼ ὀρθῶς περὶ τούτου τοῦ κυνός. Δῆμος λέγε νυν· ἐγὼ δὲ πρῶτα λήψομαι λίθον, ἵνα μή μʼ ὁ χρησμὸς τὸ πέος οὑτοσὶ δάκῃ. Ἀλλαντοπώλης 1030φράζευ Ἐρεχθεΐδη κύνα Κέρβερον ἀνδραποδιστήν, ὃς κέρκῴ σαίνων σʼ ὁπόταν δειπνῇς ἐπιτηρῶν ἐξέδεταί σου τοὔψον, ὅταν σύ ποι ἄλλοσε χάσκῃς· ἐσφοιτῶν τʼ ἐς τοὐπτάνιον λήσει σε κυνηδὸν νύκτωρ τὰς λοπάδας καὶ τὰς νήσους διαλείχων. Δῆμος 1035νὴ τὸν Ποσειδῶ πολύ γʼ ἄμεινον ὦ Γλάνι. Κλέων ὦ τᾶν ἄκουσον, εἶτα διάκρινον τόδε. ἔστι γυνή, τέξει δὲ λέονθʼ ἱεραῖς ἐν Ἀθήναις, ὃς περὶ τοῦ δήμου πολλοῖς κώνωψι μαχεῖται ὥστε περὶ σκύμνοισι βεβηκώς· τὸν σὺ φυλάξαι,

PAPHLAGON YAPPING BEFORE THY FEET, AND TERRIBLY ROARING TO GUARD THEE, HE THY PAY WILL PROVIDE: IF HE FAIL TO PROVIDE IT, HE’LL PERISH YEA, FOR MANY THE DAWS THAT ARE HATING AND CAWING AGAINST HIM.

DEMUS This, by Demeter, beats me altogether. What does Erechtheus want with daws and dog?

PAPHLAGON I am the dog: I bark aloud for you. And Phoebus bids you guard the dog; that’s me.

SAUSAGE-SELLER It says not that; but this confounded dog Has gnawn the oracle, as he gnaws the door. I’ve the right reading here about the dog.

DEMUS Let’s hear; but first I’ll pick me up a stone Lest this dog-oracle take to gnawing me.

SAUSAGE-SELLER KEEP THOU WELL, ERECHTHEIDES, THE KIDNAPPING CERBERUS BAN-DOG WAGGING HIS TAIL HE STANDS, AND FAWNING UPON THEE AT DINNER, WAITING THY SLICE TO DEVOUR WHEN AUGHT DISTRACT THINE ATTENTION, SOON AS THE NIGHT COMES ROUND HE STEALS UNSEEN TO THE KITCHEN DOG-WISE; THEN WILL HIS TONGUE CLEAN OUT THE PLATES AND THE—ISLANDS.

DEMUS Aye, by Poseidon, Glanis, that’s far better.

PAPHLAGON Nay, listen first, my friend, and then decide. WOMAN SHE IS, BUT A LION SHE’LL BEAR US IN ATHENS THE HOLY ONE WHO FOR DEMUS WILL FIGHT WITH AN ARMY OF STINGING MOSQUITOES, FIGHT, AS IF SHIELDING HIS WHELPS WHOM SEE THOU GUARD WITH DEVOTION

Κλέων 1040τεῖχος ποιήσας ξύλινον πύργους τε σιδηροῦς. ταῦτʼ οἶσθʼ ὅ τι λέγει; Δῆμος μὰ τὸν Ἀπόλλω ʼγὼ μὲν οὔ. Κλέων ἔφραζεν ὁ θεός σοι σαφῶς σῴζειν ἐμέ· ἐγὼ γὰρ ἀντὶ τοῦ λέοντός εἰμί σοι. Δῆμος καὶ πῶς μʼ ἐλελήθης Ἀντιλέων γεγενημένος; Ἀλλαντοπώλης 1045ἓν οὐκ ἀναδιδάσκει σε τῶν λογίων ἑκών, ὃ μόνον σιδηροῦν ἐστι τεῖχος καὶ ξύλον, ἐν ᾧ σε σῴζειν τόνδʼ ἐκέλευσʼ ὁ Λοξίας. Δῆμος πῶς δῆτα τοῦτʼ ἔφραζεν ὁ θεός; Ἀλλαντοπώλης τουτονὶ δῆσαί σʼ ἐκέλευʼ ἐν πεντεσυρίγγῳ ξύλῳ. Δῆμος 1050ταυτὶ τελεῖσθαι τὰ λόγιʼ ἤδη μοι δοκεῖ. Κλέων μὴ πείθου· φθονεραὶ γὰρ ἐπικρώζουσι κορῶναι. ἀλλʼ ἱέρακα φίλει μεμνημένος ἐν φρεσὶν ὅς σοι ἤγαγε συνδήσας Λακεδαιμονίων κορακίνους. Ἀλλαντοπώλης τοῦτό γέ τοι Παφλαγὼν παρεκινδύνευσε μεθυσθείς. 1055Κεκροπίδη κακόβουλε τί τοῦθʼ ἡγεῖ μέγα τοὔργον; καί κε γυνὴ φέροι ἄχθος, ἐπεί κεν ἀνὴρ ἀναθείη· ἀλλʼ οὐκ ἂν μαχέσαιτο· χέσαιτο γάρ, εἰ μαχέσαιτο. Κλέων ἀλλὰ τόδε φράσσαι, πρὸ Πύλου Πύλον ἥν σοι ἔφραζεν. ἔστι Πύλος πρὸ Πύλοιο— Δῆμος τί τοῦτο λέγει, πρὸ Πύλοιο;

PAPHLAGON BUILDING A WOODEN WALL AND AN IRON FORT TO SECURE HIM. Do you understand?

DEMUS By Apollo, no, not I.

PAPHLAGON The God, ’tis plain, would have you keep me safely, For I’m a valiant lion, for your sake.

DEMUS What, you Antileon and I never knew it!

SAUSAGE-SELLER One thing he purposely informs you not, What that oracular wall of wood and iron, Where Loxias bids you keep him safely, is.

DEMUS What means the God?

SAUSAGE-SELLER He means that you’re to clap Paphlagon in the five-holed pillory-stocks.

DEMUS I shouldn’t be surprised if that came true.

PAPHLAGON HEED NOT THE WORDS; FOR JEALOUS THE CROWS THAT ARE CROAKING AGAINST ME, CHERISH THE LORDLY FALCON, NOR EVER FORGET THAT HE BROUGHT THEE, BROUGHT THEE IN FETTERS AND CHAINS THE YOUNG LACONIAN MINNOWS.

SAUSAGE-SELLER THIS DID PAPHLAGON DARE IN A MOMENT OF DRUNKEN BRAVADO, WHY THINK MUCH OF THE DEED, CECROPIDES FOOLISH IN COUNSEL? WEIGHT A WOMAN WILL BEAR, IF A MAN IMPOSE IT UPON HER, FIGHT SHE WON’T AND SHE CAN’T: IN FIGHTING SHE’S ALWAYS A FRIGHT IN.

PAPHLAGON NAY, BUT REMEMBER THE WORD, HOW PYLUS, HE SAID, BEFORE PYLUS; PYLUS THERE IS BEFORE PYLUS.

DEMUS What mean you by that “before Pylus”?

Ἀλλαντοπώλης 1060τὰς πυέλους φησὶν καταλήψεσθʼ ἐν βαλανείῳ. Δῆμος ἐγὼ δʼ ἄλουτος τήμερον γενήσομαι; Ἀλλαντοπώλης οὗτος γὰρ ἡμῶν τὰς πυέλους ἀφήρπασεν. ἀλλʼ οὑτοσὶ γάρ ἐστι περὶ τοῦ ναυτικοῦ ὁ χρησμός, ᾧ σε δεῖ προσέχειν τὸν νοῦν πάνυ. Δῆμος 1065προσέχω· σὺ δʼ ἀναγίγνωσκε, τοῖς ναύταισί μου ὅπως ὁ μισθὸς πρῶτον ἀποδοθήσεται. Ἀλλαντοπώλης Αἰγεΐδη φράσσαι κυναλώπεκα, μή σε δολώσῃ, λαίθαργον ταχύπουν, δολίαν κερδὼ πολύιδριν. οἶσθʼ ὅ τι ἐστὶν τοῦτο; Δῆμος Φιλόστρατος ἡ κυναλώπηξ. Ἀλλαντοπώλης 1070οὐ τοῦτό φησιν, ἀλλὰ ναῦς ἑκάστοτε αἰτεῖ ταχείας ἀργυρολόγους οὑτοσί· ταύτας ἀπαυδᾷ μὴ διδόναι σʼ ὁ Λοξίας. Δῆμος πῶς δὴ τριήρης ἐστὶ κυναλώπηξ; Ἀλλαντοπώλης ὅπως; ὅτι ἡ τριήρης ἐστὶ χὠ κύων ταχύ. Δῆμος 1075πῶς οὖν ἀλώπηξ προσετέθη πρὸς τῷ κυνί; Ἀλλαντοπώλης ἀλωπεκίοισι τοὺς στρατιώτας ᾔκασεν, ὁτιὴ βότρυς τρώγουσιν ἐν τοῖς χωρίοις. Δῆμος εἶεν· τούτοις ὁ μισθὸς τοῖς ἀλωπεκίοισι ποῦ; Ἀλλαντοπώλης ἐγὼ ποριῶ, καὶ τοῦτον ἡμερῶν τριῶν. 1080ἀλλʼ ἔτι τόνδʼ ἐπάκουσον, ὃν εἶπέ σοι ἐξαλέασθαι χρησμὸν Λητοΐδης, Κυλλήνην, μή σε δολώσῃ. Δῆμος ποίαν Κυλλήνην; Ἀλλαντοπώλης τὴν τούτου χεῖρʼ ἐποίησεν Κυλλήνην ὀρθῶς, ὁτιή φησʼ, ἔμβαλε κυλλῇ.

SAUSAGE-SELLER Truly your pile of baths will he capture before you can take them.

DEMUS O dear, then bathless must I go to-day

SAUSAGE-SELLER Because he has carried off our pile of baths. But here’s an oracle about the fleet; Your best attention is required to this.

DEMUS I’ll give it too; but prithee, first of all, Read how my sailors are to get their pay.

SAUSAGE-SELLER O AEGEIDES, BEWARE OF THE HOUND-FOX, LEST HE DECEIVE THEE, STEALTHILY SNAPPING, THE CRAFTY, THE SWIFT, THE TRICKY MARAUDER. Know you the meaning of this?

DEMUS Philostratus, plainly, the hound-fox.

SAUSAGE-SELLER Not so; but Paphlagon is evermore Asking swift triremes to collect the silver, So Loxias bids you not to give him these.

DEMUS Why is a trireme called a hound-fox?

SAUSAGE-SELLER Why? A trireme’s fleet; a hound is also fleet.

DEMUS But for what reason adds he “fox” to “hound”?

SAUSAGE-SELLER The troops, he means, resemble little foxes, Because they scour the farms and eat the grapes.

DEMUS Good. But where’s the cash to pay these little foxes?

SAUSAGE-SELLER That I’ll provide: within three days I’ll do it. LIST THOU FURTHER THE REDE BY THE SON OF LETO DELIVERED; KEEP THOU ALOOF, SAID HE, FROM THE WILES OF HOLLOW CYLLENE.

DEMUS Hollow Cyllene! what’s that?

SAUSAGE-SELLER ’Tis Paphlagon’s hand he’s describing. Paphlagon’s outstretched hand, with his Drop me a coin in the hollow.

Κλέων 1084οὐκ ὀρθῶς φράζει· τὴν Κυλλήνην γὰρ ὁ Φοῖβος 1085ἐς τὴν χεῖρʼ ὀρθῶς ᾐνίξατο τὴν Διοπείθους. ἀλλὰ γάρ ἐστιν ἐμοὶ χρησμὸς περὶ σοῦ πτερυγωτός, αἰετὸς ὡς γίγνει καὶ πάσης γῆς βασιλεύεις. Ἀλλαντοπώλης καὶ γὰρ ἐμοί· καὶ γῆς καὶ τῆς ἐρυθρᾶς γε θαλάσσης, χὤτι γʼ ἐν Ἐκβατάνοις δικάσεις, λείχων ἐπίπαστα. Κλέων 1090ἀλλʼ ἐγὼ εἶδον ὄναρ, καί μοὐδόκει ἡ θεὸς αὐτὴ τοῦ δήμου καταχεῖν ἀρυταίνῃ πλουθυγίειαν. Ἀλλαντοπώλης νὴ Δία καὶ γὰρ ἐγώ· καί μοὐδόκει ἡ θεὸς αὐτὴ ἐκ πόλεως ἐλθεῖν καὶ γλαῦξ αὐτῇ ʼπικαθῆσθαι· εἶτα κατασπένδειν κατὰ τῆς κεφαλῆς ἀρυβάλλῳ 1095ἀμβροσίαν κατὰ σοῦ, κατὰ τούτου δὲ σκοροδάλμην. Δῆμος ἰοὺ ἰού. οὐκ ἦν ἄρʼ οὐδεὶς τοῦ Γλάνιδος σοφώτερος. καὶ νῦν ἐμαυτὸν ἐπιτρέπω σοι τουτονὶ γερονταγωγεῖν κἀναπαιδεύειν πάλιν. Κλέων 1100μήπω γʼ, ἱκετεύω σʼ, ἀλλʼ ἀνάμεινον, ὡς ἐγὼ κριθὰς ποριῶ σοι καὶ βίον καθʼ ἡμέραν. Δῆμος οὐκ ἀνέχομαι κριθῶν ἀκούων· πολλάκις ἐξηπατήθην ὑπό τε σοῦ καὶ Θουφάνους. Κλέων ἀλλʼ ἄλφιτʼ ἤδη σοι ποριῶ ʼσκευασμένα. Ἀλλαντοπώλης 1105ἐγὼ δὲ μαζίσκας γε διαμεμαγμένας

PAPHLAGON There this fellow is wrong. When he spake of the hollow Cyllene, Phoebus was hinting, I ween, at the hand of the maimed Diopeithes. Nay, but I’ve got me, for you, a wingéd oracular message, THOU SHALT AN EAGLE BECOME, AND RULE ALL LANDS AS A MONARCH.

SAUSAGE-SELLER Nay, but I’ve got me the same:— AND THE RED SEA TOO THOU SHALT GOVERN, YEA IN ECBATANA JUDGE, RICH CAKES AS THOU JUDGEST DEVOURING.

PAPHLAGON Nay, but I dreamed me a dream, and methought the Goddess Athene Health and wealth was ladling in plentiful streams upon Demus.

SAUSAGE-SELLER Nay, but I dreamed one myself; and methought of the Goddess Athene Down from the Citadel stepped, and an owl sat perched on her shoulder; Then from a bucket she poured ambrosia down upon Demus, Sweetest of scents upon you, upon Paphlagon sourest of pickles.

DEMUS Good! Good! There never was a cleverer chap than Glanis. So now, my friend, I yield myself to you; Be you the tutor of my thoughtless—Age.

PAPHLAGON Not yet! pray wait awhile, and I’ll provide Your barley-grain, and daily sustenance.

DEMUS I can’t abide your barley-talk; too often Have I been duped by you and Thuphanes.

PAPHLAGON I’ll give you barley-meal, all ready-made.

SAUSAGE-SELLER I’ll give you barley-cakes, all ready-baked,

Ἀλλαντοπώλης 1106καὶ τοὔψον ὀπτόν· μηδὲν ἄλλʼ εἰ μὴ ʼσθιε. Δῆμος ἀνύσατέ νυν ὅ τι περ ποιήσεθʼ· ὡς ἐγώ, ὁπότερος ἂν σφῷν νῦν με μᾶλλον εὖ ποιῇ, τούτῳ παραδώσω τῆς πυκνὸς τὰς ἡνίας. Κλέων 1110τρέχοιμʼ ἂν εἴσω πρότερος. Ἀλλαντοπώλης οὐ δῆτʼ ἀλλʼ ἐγώ.

SAUSAGE-SELLER And well-broiled fish. Do nothing else but eat.

DEMUS Make haste and do it then, remembering this, Whichever brings me most titbits to-day, To him alone I’ll give the Pnyx’s reins.

PAPHLAGON O then I’ll run in first.

SAUSAGE-SELLER Not you, but I.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Benjamin Bickley Rogers (1924). Original text: Greek text: F. W. Hall and W. M. Geldart (eds.), Aristophanis Comoediae, Oxford Classical Texts, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1906-1907, as digitised by Perseus. English: Benjamin Bickley Rogers, Aristophanes, vol. I, Loeb Classical Library, London: William Heinemann, and New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1924.

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, Greek: CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain (Rogers). Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.

The Knights 973–1110b: The rival oracles of Bakis and Glanis