Aristophanes · The Knights Ἱππεῖς

Aristophanes, The Knights 1229–1315: Episode and second parabasis: Paphlagon is undone

Paphlagon claims that a Pythian oracle describes the man who will defeat him, and questions the Sausage-seller about his schooling, his trade and where he sold his sausages, only to find that every answer fits. He gives up the crown, Demus asks the Sausage-seller his name, and it is Agoracritus. The Chorus then sing that the poet may lampoon worthless men such as Ariphrades and the glutton Cleonymus, and tell a tale of the triremes who refuse to carry Hyperbolus to Carthage.

Lines 1229–1315 · 766 words · click a number to copy its link
Κλέων 1229οὐ δῆτʼ, ἐπεί μοι χρησμός ἐστι Πυθικὸς 1230φράζων ὑφʼ οὗ †δεήσει μʼ† ἡττᾶσθαι μόνου. Ἀλλαντοπώλης τοὐμόν γε φράζων ὄνομα καὶ λίαν σαφῶς. Κλέων καὶ μήν σʼ ἐλέγξαι βούλομαι τεκμηρίῳ, εἴ τι ξυνοίσεις τοῦ θεοῦ τοῖς θεσφάτοις. καί σου τοσοῦτον πρῶτον ἐκπειράσομαι· 1235παῖς ὢν ἐφοίτας ἐς τίνος διδασκάλου; Ἀλλαντοπώλης ἐν ταῖσιν εὕστραις κονδύλοις ἡρμοττόμην. Κλέων πῶς εἶπας; ὥς μου χρησμὸς ἅπτεται φρενῶν. εἶεν. ἐν παιδοτρίβου δὲ τίνα πάλην ἐμάνθανες; Ἀλλαντοπώλης κλέπτων ἐπιορκεῖν καὶ βλέπειν ἐναντίον· Κλέων 1240ὦ Φοῖβʼ Ἄπολλον Λύκιε τί ποτέ μʼ ἐργάσει; τέχνην δὲ τίνα ποτʼ εἶχες ἐξανδρούμενος; Ἀλλαντοπώλης ἠλλαντοπώλουν καί τι καὶ βινεσκόμην. Κλέων οἴμοι κακοδαίμων· οὐκέτʼ οὐδέν εἰμʼ ἐγώ. λεπτή τις ἐλπίς ἐστʼ ἐφʼ ἧς ὀχούμεθα. 1245καί μοι τοσοῦτον εἰπέ· πότερον ἐν ἀγορᾷ ἠλλαντοπώλεις ἐτεὸν ἢ ʼπὶ ταῖς πύλαις; Ἀλλαντοπώλης ἐπὶ ταῖς πύλαισιν, οὗ τὸ τάριχος ὤνιον. Κλέων οἴμοι πέπρακται τοῦ θεοῦ τὸ θέσφατον. κυλίνδετʼ εἴσω τόνδε τὸν δυσδαίμονα. 1250ὦ στέφανε χαίρων ἄπιθι, κεἴ σʼ ἄκων ἐγὼ λείπω· σὲ δʼ ἄλλος τις λαβὼν κεκτήσεται, κλέπτης μὲν οὐκ ἂν μᾶλλον, εὐτυχὴς δʼ ἴσως.

PAPHLAGON Not so; a Pythian oracle I’ve got Describing him who only can defeat me.

SAUSAGE-SELLER Describing me, without the slightest doubt.

PAPHLAGON Well then I’ll test and prove you, to discern How far you tally with the God’s predictions. And first I ask this question,—when a boy Tell me the teacher to whose school you went.

SAUSAGE-SELLER Hard knuckles drilled me in the singeing pits.

PAPHLAGON How say you? Heavens, the oracle’s word strikes home! Well! What at the trainer’s did you learn to do?

SAUSAGE-SELLER Forswear my thefts, and stare the accuser down.

PAPHLAGON Phoebus Apollo! Lycius! what means this? Tell me what trade you practised when a man.

SAUSAGE-SELLER I sold sausages—

PAPHLAGON Well?

SAUSAGE-SELLER And sold myself.

PAPHLAGON Unhappy me! I’m done for. There remains One slender hope whereon to anchor yet. Where did you sell your sausages? Did you stand Within the Agora, or beside the Gates?

SAUSAGE-SELLER Beside the Gates, where the salt-fish is sold.

PAPHLAGON O me, the oracle has all come true! Roll in, roll in, this most unhappy man. O crown, farewell. Unwillingly I leave thee. Begone, but thee some other will obtain, A luckier man perchance, but not more—thievish.

Ἀλλαντοπώλης 1253Ἑλλάνιε Ζεῦ σὸν τὸ νικητήριον. Χορός ὦ χαῖρε καλλίνικε καὶ μέμνησʼ ὅτι 1255ἀνὴρ γεγένησαι διʼ ἐμέ· καί σʼ αἰτῶ βραχύ, ὅπως ἔσομαί σοι Φανὸς ὑπογραφεὺς δικῶν. Δῆμος ἐμοὶ δέ γʼ ὅ τι σοι τοὔνομʼ εἴπʼ. Ἀλλαντοπώλης Ἀγοράκριτος· ἐν τἀγορᾷ γὰρ κρινόμενος ἐβοσκόμην. Δῆμος Ἀγορακρίτῳ τοίνυν ἐμαυτὸν ἐπιτρέπω, 1260καὶ τὸν Παφλαγόνα παραδίδωμι τουτονί. Ἀλλαντοπώλης καὶ μὴν ἐγώ σʼ ὦ Δῆμε θεραπεύσω καλῶς, ὥσθʼ ὁμολογεῖν σε μηδένʼ ἀνθρώπων ἐμοῦ ἰδεῖν ἀμείνω τῇ Κεχηναίων πόλει. Χορός τί κάλλιον ἀρχομένοισιν 1265ἢ καταπαυομένοισιν ἢ θοᾶν ἵππων ἐλατῆρας ἀείδειν, †μηδὲν ἐσ† Λυσίστρατον, μηδὲ Θούμαντιν τὸν ἀνέστιον αὖ λυπεῖν ἑκούσῃ καρδίᾳ; καὶ γὰρ οὗτος ὦ φίλʼ Ἄπολλον ἀεὶ πεινῇ, θαλεροῖς δακρύοις σᾶς ἁπτόμενος φαρέτρας Πυθῶνι δίᾳ μὴ κακῶς πένεσθαι. λοιδορῆσαι τοὺς πονηροὺς οὐδέν ἐστʼ ἐπίφθονον, 1275ἀλλὰ τιμὴ τοῖσι χρηστοῖς, ὅστις εὖ λογίζεται.

SAUSAGE-SELLER Hellanian Zeus, the victory-prize is thine!

DEMOSTHENES Hail, mighty Victor, nor forget ’twas I Made you a Man; and grant this small request, Make me your Phanus, signer of your writs.

DEMUS Your name, what is it?

SAUSAGE-SELLER Agoracritus. An Agora-life I lived, and thrived by wrangling.

DEMUS To Agoracritus I commit myself, And to his charge consign this Paphlagon.

SAUSAGE-SELLER And, Demus, I will always tend you well, And you shall own there never lived a man Kinder than I to the Evergaping City.

CHORUS O what is a nobler thing, Beginning or ending a song, For horsemen who joy in driving Their fleet-foot coursers along, Than—Never to launch a lampoon at Lysistratus, scurvy buffoon; Or at heartless Thumantis to gird, poor starveling, in lightness of heart; Who is weeping hot tears at thy shrine, Apollo, in Pytho divine, And, clutching thy quiver, implores to be healed of his poverty’s smart! For lampooning worthless wretches, none should bear the bard a grudge;

CHORUS

1276εἰ μὲν οὖν ἄνθρωπος, ὃν δεῖ πόλλʼ ἀκοῦσαι καὶ κακά, αὐτὸς ἦν ἔνδηλος, οὐκ ἂν ἀνδρὸς ἐμνήσθην φίλου. νῦν δʼ Ἀρίγνωτον γὰρ οὐδεὶς ὅστις οὐκ ἐπίσταται, ὅστις ἢ τὸ λευκὸν οἶδεν ἢ τὸν ὄρθιον νόμον. 1280ἔστιν οὖν ἀδελφὸς αὐτῷ τοὺς τρόπους οὐ συγγενής, Ἀριφράδης πονηρός. ἀλλὰ τοῦτο μὲν καὶ βούλεται· ἔστι δʼ οὐ μόνον πονηρός, οὐ γὰρ οὐδʼ ἂν ᾐσθόμην, οὐδὲ παμπόνηρος, ἀλλὰ καὶ προσεξηύρηκέ τι. τὴν γὰρ αὑτοῦ γλῶτταν αἰσχραῖς ἡδοναῖς λυμαίνεται, 1285ἐν κασωρείοισι λείχων τὴν ἀπόπτυστον δρόσον, καὶ μολύνων τὴν ὑπήνην καὶ κυκῶν τὰς ἐσχάρας, καὶ Πολυμνήστεια ποιῶν καὶ ξυνὼν Οἰωνίχῳ. ὅστις οὖν τοιοῦτον ἄνδρα μὴ σφόδρα βδελύττεται, οὔ ποτʼ ἐκ ταὐτοῦ μεθʼ ἡμῶν πίεται ποτηρίου. 1290ἦ πολλάκις ἐννυχίαισι φροντίσι συγγεγένημαι,

Now if he whose evil-doings I must needs expose to blame Were himself a noted person, never had I named the name Of a man I love and honour. Is there one who knows not well Arignotus, prince of harpers? None, believe me, who can tell How the whitest colour differs from the stirring tune he plays. Arignotus has a brother (not a brother in his ways) Named Ariphrades, a rascal—nay, but that’s the fellow’s whim— Not an ordinary rascal, or I had not noticed him. Not a thorough rascal merely; he’s invented something more, Novel forms of self-pollution, bestial tricks unknown before. Yea, to nameless filth and horrors does the loathsome wretch descend, Works the work of Polymnestus, calls Oeonichus his friend. Whoso loathes not such a monster never shall be a friend of mine, Never from the selfsame goblet quaff, with us, the rosy wine. And oft in the watches of night My spirit within me is thrilled, To think of Cleonymus eating As though he would never be filled. O whence could the fellow acquire that appetite deadly and dire?

CHORUS

1294καὶ διεζήτηχʼ ὁπόθεν ποτὲ φαύλως ἐσθίει Κλεώνυμος. 1295φασὶ μὲν γὰρ αὐτὸν ἐρεπτόμενον τὰ τῶν ἐχόντων ἀνέρων οὐκ ἂν ἐξελθεῖν ἀπὸ τῆς σιπύης· τοὺς δʼ ἀντιβολεῖν ἂν ὅμως· ἴθʼ ὦ ἄνα πρὸς γονάτων, ἔξελθε καὶ σύγγνωθι τῇ τραπέζῃ. 1300φασὶν ἀλλήλαις ξυνελθεῖν τὰς τριήρεις ἐς λόγον, καὶ μίαν λέξαι τινʼ αὐτῶν ἥτις ἦν γεραιτέρα· οὐδὲ πυνθάνεσθε ταῦτʼ ὦ παρθένοι τἀν τῇ πόλει; φασὶν αἰτεῖσθαί τινʼ ἡμῶν ἑκατὸν ἐς Καρχηδόνα ἄνδρα μοχθηρὸν πολίτην ὀξίνην Ὑπέρβολον· 1305ταῖς δὲ δόξαι δεινὸν εἶναι τοῦτο κοὐκ ἀνασχετόν, καί τινʼ εἰπεῖν ἥτις ἀνδρῶν ἆσσον οὐκ ἐληλύθει· ἀποτρόπαἰ οὐ δῆτʼ ἐμοῦ γʼ ἄρξει ποτʼ, ἀλλʼ ἐάν με χρῇ, ὑπὸ τερηδόνων σαπεῖσʼ ἐνταῦθα καταγηράσομαι· οὐδὲ Ναυφάντης γε τῆς Ναύσωνος, οὐ δῆτʼ ὦ θεοί, 1310εἴπερ ἐκ πεύκης γε κἀγὼ καὶ ξύλων ἐπηγνύμην. ἢν δʼ ἀρέσκῃ ταῦτʼ Ἀθηναίοις, καθῆσθαί μοι δοκεῖ ἐς τὸ Θησεῖον πλεούσαις ἢ ʼπὶ τῶν σεμνῶν θεῶν.

They say when he grazes with those whose table with plenty is stored That they never can get him away from the trencher, though humbly they pray Have mercy, O King, and depart! O spare, we beseech thee, the board! Recently, ’tis said, our galleys met their prospects to discuss, And an old experienced trireme introduced the subject thus; “Have ye heard the news, my sisters? ’tis the talk in every street, That Hyperbolus the worthless, vapid townsman, would a fleet Of a hundred lovely galleys lead to Carthage far away.” Over every prow there mantled deep resentment and dismay. Up and spoke a little galley, yet from man’s pollution free, “Save us! such a scurvy fellow never shall be lord of me. Here I’d liefer rot and moulder, and be eaten up of worms.” “Nor Nauphante, Nauson’s daughter shall he board on any terms; I, like you, can feel the insult; I’m of pine and timber knit. Wherefore, if the measure passes, I propose we sail and sit Suppliant at the shrine of Theseus, or the Dread Avenging Powers.

CHORUS

1313οὐ γὰρ ἡμῶν γε στρατηγῶν ἐγχανεῖται τῇ πόλει· ἀλλὰ πλείτω χωρὶς αὐτὸς ἐς κόρακας, εἰ βούλεται, 1315τὰς σκάφας, ἐν αἷς ἐπώλει τοὺς λύχνους, καθελκύσας.

He shall ne’er, as our commander, Sool it o’er this land of ours. If he wants a little voyage, let him launch his sale-trays, those Whereupon he sold his lanterns, steering to the kites and crows.”

People and places in this passage

English translation by Benjamin Bickley Rogers (1924). Original text: Greek text: F. W. Hall and W. M. Geldart (eds.), Aristophanis Comoediae, Oxford Classical Texts, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1906-1907, as digitised by Perseus. English: Benjamin Bickley Rogers, Aristophanes, vol. I, Loeb Classical Library, London: William Heinemann, and New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1924.

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, Greek: CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain (Rogers). Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.