Aristophanes · The Knights Ἱππεῖς

Aristophanes, The Knights 1–106b: Prologue: Demosthenes and Nicias lament their new slave Paphlagon

Demosthenes and Nicias, two slaves of old Demus, curse their master's newest slave Paphlagon, who gets the whole household flogged, and sob out a stave of Olympus. After a joke about the word 'desert' they tell the audience of their trouble: the sour, deaf old master and the leather-seller who flatters him and steals the other servants' dishes. They think of dying, and Demosthenes persuades Nicias to fetch pure wine instead, hoping that it will give him an idea.

Lines 1–106b · 909 words · click a number to copy its link
Δημοσθένης 1ἰατταταιὰξ τῶν κακῶν, ἰατταταῖ. κακῶς Παφλαγόνα τὸν νεώνητον κακὸν αὐταῖσι βουλαῖς ἀπολέσειαν οἱ θεοί. ἐξ οὗ γὰρ εἰσήρρησεν ἐς τὴν οἰκίαν 5πληγὰς ἀεὶ προστρίβεται τοῖς οἰκέταις. Νικίας κάκιστα δῆθʼ οὗτός γε πρῶτος Παφλαγόνων αὐταῖς διαβολαῖς. Δημοσθένης ὦ κακόδαιμον πῶς ἔχεις; Νικίας κακῶς καθάπερ σύ. Δημοσθένης δεῦρο δὴ πρόσελθʼ, ἵνα ξυναυλίαν κλαύσωμεν Οὐλύμπου νόμον. Δημοσθένης καὶ Νικίας 10μυμῦ μυμῦ μυμῦ μυμῦ μυμῦ μυμῦ. Δημοσθένης τί κινυρόμεθʼ ἄλλως; οὐκ ἐχρῆν ζητεῖν τινα σωτηρίαν νῷν, ἀλλὰ μὴ κλάειν ἔτι; Νικίας τίς οὖν γένοιτʼ ἄν; Δημοσθένης λέγε σύ. Νικίας σὺ μὲν οὖν μοι λέγε,

DEMOSTHENES O! O! This Paphlagon, with all his wiles, This newly-purchased pest, I wish the Gods Would “utterly abolish and destroy”! For since he entered, by ill-luck, our house, He’s always getting all the household flogged.

NICIAS I wish they would, this chief of Paphlagons, Him and his lies!

DEMOSTHENES Ha! how feel you, poor fellow?

NICIAS Bad, like yourself.

DEMOSTHENES Then come, and let us wail A stave of old Olympus, both together. BOTH. (Sobbing) Mumu! Mumu! Mumu! Mumu! Mumu!

DEMOSTHENES Pah! What’s the good of whimpering? Better far To dry our tears, and seek some way of safety.

NICIAS Which way? You, tell me.

DEMOSTHENES Rather, tell me you, Or else we’ll fight.

Νικίας 14ἵνα μὴ μάχωμαι. Δημοσθένης μὰ τὸν Ἀπόλλω ʼγὼ μὲν οὔ. Νικίας πῶς ἂν σύ μοι λέξειας ἁμὲ χρὴ λέγειν; Δημοσθένης 15ἀλλʼ εἰπὲ θαρρῶν, εἶτα κἀγὼ σοὶ φράσω. Νικίας ἀλλʼ οὐκ ἔνι μοι τὸ θρέττε. πῶς ἂν οὖν ποτε εἴποιμʼ ἂν αὐτὸ δῆτα κομψευριπικῶς; Δημοσθένης μὴ ʼμοί γε, μὴ ʼμοί, μὴ διασκανδικίσῃς· 20ἀλλʼ εὑρέ τινʼ ἀπόκινον ἀπὸ τοῦ δεσπότου. Νικίας λέγε δὴ μόλωμεν ξυνεχὲς ὡδὶ ξυλλαβών. Δημοσθένης καὶ δὴ λέγω μόλωμεν. Νικίας ἐξόπισθε νῦν αὐτὸ φάθι τοῦ μόλωμεν. Δημοσθένης αὐτό. Νικίας πάνυ καλῶς. ὥσπερ δεφόμενος νῦν ἀτρέμα πρῶτον λέγε 25τὸ μόλωμεν, εἶτα δʼ αὐτό, κᾆτʼ ἐπάγων πυκνόν. Δημοσθένης μόλωμεν αὐτὸ μόλωμεν αὐτομολῶμεν. Νικίας ἢν οὐχ ἡδύ; Δημοσθένης νὴ Δία· πλήν γε περὶ τῷ δέρματι δέδοικα τουτονὶ τὸν οἰωνόν. Νικίας τί δαί; Δημοσθένης ὁτιὴ τὸ δέρμα δεφομένων ἀπέρχεται. Νικίας 30κράτιστα τοίνυν τῶν παρόντων ἐστὶ νῷν, θεῶν ἰόντε προσπεσεῖν του πρὸς βρέτας. Δημοσθένης † ποῖον βρέτας †; ἐτεὸν ἡγεῖ γὰρ θεούς; Νικίας ἔγωγε.

NICIAS By Apollo, no not I. You say it first, and then I’ll say it after.

DEMOSTHENES O that thou said’st the thing that I would say.

NICIAS I’ve not the pluck. I wish I could suggest Some plan in smart Euripidean style.

DEMOSTHENES Don’t do it! Don’t! Pray don’t be-chervil me But find some caper-cutting trick from master.

NICIAS Will you say sert, like that, speaking it crisply?

DEMOSTHENES Of course I’ll say it, sert.

NICIAS Now, after sert Say de.

DEMOSTHENES De.

NICIAS Yes, that’s very nicely said. Now, first say sert, and then say de, beginning Slowly at first, but quickening as you go.

DEMOSTHENES Aye; seri-de, sert-de, sert, de-sert.

NICIAS There ’tis! Do you not like it?

DEMOSTHENES Like it, yes; but—

NICIAS What?

DEMOSTHENES There’s an uncanny sound about desert.

NICIAS Uncanny? How?

DEMOSTHENES They flog deserters so.

NICIAS O then ’twere better that we both should go, And fall before the statues of the Gods.

DEMOSTHENES Stat-at-ues? Is it? What, do you really think That there are Gods?

NICIAS I know it.

Δημοσθένης 33bποίῳ χρώμενος τεκμηρίῳ; Νικίας ὁτιὴ θεοῖσιν ἐχθρός εἰμʼ. οὐκ εἰκότως; Δημοσθένης 35εὖ προσβιβάζεις μʼ. ἀλλʼ ἑτέρᾳ πῃ σκεπτέον. βούλει τὸ πρᾶγμα τοῖς θεαταῖσιν φράσω; Νικίας οὐ χεῖρον· ἓν δʼ αὐτοὺς παραιτησώμεθα, ἐπίδηλον ἡμῖν τοῖς προσώποισιν ποιεῖν, ἢν τοῖς ἔπεσι χαίρωσι καὶ τοῖς πράγμασιν. Δημοσθένης 40λέγοιμʼ ἂν ἤδη. νῷν γάρ ἐστι δεσπότης ἄγροικος ὀργὴν κυαμοτρὼξ ἀκράχολος, Δῆμος πυκνίτης, δύσκολον γερόντιον ὑπόκωφον. οὗτος τῇ προτέρᾳ νουμηνίᾳ ἐπρίατο δοῦλον, βυρσοδέψην Παφλαγόνα, 45πανουργότατον καὶ διαβολώτατόν τινα. οὗτος καταγνοὺς τοῦ γέροντος τοὺς τρόπους, ὁ βυρσοπαφλαγών, ὑποπεσὼν τὸν δεσπότην ᾔκαλλʼ ἐθώπευʼ ἐκολάκευʼ ἐξηπάτα κοσκυλματίοις ἄκροισι τοιαυτὶ λέγων· 50ὦ Δῆμε λοῦσαι πρῶτον ἐκδικάσας μίαν, ἐνθοῦ ῥόφησον ἔντραγʼ ἔχε τριώβολον. βούλει παραθῶ σοι δόρπον; εἶτʼ ἀναρπάσας ὅ τι ἄν τις ἡμῶν σκευάσῃ, τῷ δεσπότῃ Παφλαγὼν κεχάρισται τοῦτο. καὶ πρώην γʼ ἐμοῦ 55μᾶζαν μεμαχότος ἐν Πύλῳ Λακωνικήν, πανουργότατά πως περιδραμὼν ὑφαρπάσας αὐτὸς παρέθηκε τὴν ὑπʼ ἐμοῦ μεμαγμένην, ἡμᾶς δʼ ἀπελαύνει κοὐκ ἐᾷ τὸν δεσπότην

DEMOSTHENES Know it! How?

NICIAS I’m such a wretched God-detested chap.

DEMOSTHENES Well urged indeed; but seek some other way. Would you I told the story to the audience?

NICIAS Not a bad plan; but let us ask them first To show us plainly by their looks and cheer If they take pleasure in our words and acts.

DEMOSTHENES I’ll tell them now. We two have got a master, Demus of Pnyx-borough, such a sour old man, Quick-tempered, country-minded, bean-consuming, A trifle hard of hearing. Last new moon He bought a slave, a tanner, Paphlagon, The greatest rogue and liar in the world. This tanning-Paphlagon, he soon finds out Master’s weak points; and cringing down before him Flatters, and fawns, and wheedles, and cajoles, With little apish leather-snippings, thus; O Demus, try one case, get the three-obol, Then take your bath, gorge, guzzle, eat your fill. Would you I set your supper?” Then he’ll seize A dish some other servant has prepared, And serve it up for master; and quite lately I’d baked a rich Laconian cake at Pylus, When in runs Paphlagon, and bags my cake, And serves it up to Demus as his own. But us he drives away, and none but he

Δημοσθένης 59ἄλλον θεραπεύειν, ἀλλὰ βυρσίνην ἔχων 60δειπνοῦντος ἑστὼς ἀποσοβεῖ τοὺς ῥήτορας. ᾄδει δὲ χρησμούς· ὁ δὲ γέρων σιβυλλιᾷ. ὁ δʼ αὐτὸν ὡς ὁρᾷ μεμακκοακότα, τέχνην πεποίηται. τοὺς γὰρ ἔνδον ἄντικρυς ψευδῆ διαβάλλει· κᾆτα μαστιγούμεθα 65ἡμεῖς· Παφλαγὼν δὲ περιθέων τοὺς οἰκέτας αἰτεῖ ταράττει δωροδοκεῖ λέγων τάδε· ὁρᾶτε τὸν Ὕλαν διʼ ἐμὲ μαστιγούμενον; εἰ μή μʼ ἀναπείσετʼ, ἀποθανεῖσθε τήμερον. ἡμεῖς δὲ δίδομεν· εἰ δὲ μή, πατούμενοι 70ὑπὸ τοῦ γέροντος ὀκταπλάσιον χέζομεν. νῦν οὖν ἀνύσαντε φροντίσωμεν ὦγαθέ, ποίαν ὁδὸν νὼ τρεπτέον καὶ πρὸς τίνα. Νικίας κράτιστʼ ἐκείνην τὴν μόλωμεν ὦγαθέ. Δημοσθένης ἀλλʼ οὐχ οἷόν τε τὸν Παφλαγόνʼ οὐδὲν λαθεῖν· 75ἐφορᾷ γὰρ οὗτος πάντʼ. ἔχει γὰρ τὸ σκέλος τὸ μὲν ἐν Πύλῳ, τὸ δʼ ἓτερον ἐν τἠκκλησίᾳ. τοσόνδε δʼ αὐτοῦ βῆμα διαβεβηκότος ὁ πρωκτός ἐστιν αὐτόχρημʼ ἐν Χάοσιν, τὼ χεῖρʼ ἐν Αἰτωλοῖς, ὁ νοῦς δʼ ἐν Κλωπιδῶν. Νικίας 80κράτιστον οὖν νῷν ἀποθανεῖν. Δημοσθένης ἀλλὰ σκόπει, ὅπως ἂν ἀποθάνοιμεν ἀνδρικώτατα.

DEMOSTHENES Must wait on master; there he stands through dinner With leathern flap, and flicks away the speakers. And he chants oracles, till the dazed old man Goes Sibyl-mad; then, when he sees him mooning, He plies his trade. He slanders those within With downright lies; so then we’re flogged, poor wretches, And Paphlagon runs round, extorting, begging, Upsetting everyone; and Mark, says he, There’s Hylas flogged; that’s all my doing; better Make friends with me, or you’ll be trounced to-day. So then we bribe him off; or if we don’t, We’re sure to catch it thrice as bad from master. Now let’s excogitate at once, good fellow, Which way to turn our footsteps, and to whom.

NICIAS There’s nothing better than my sert, good fellow.

DEMOSTHENES But nought we do is hid from Paphlagon. His eyes are everywhere; he straddles out, One foot in Pylus, in the Assembly one. So vast his stride, that at the self-same moment His seat is in Chaonia, and his hands Are set on Begging, and his mind on Theft.

NICIAS Well then, we had better die; but just consider How we can die the manliest sort of death.

Νικίας 82πῶς δῆτα πῶς γένοιτʼ ἂν ἀνδρικώτατα; βέλτιστον ἡμῖν αἷμα ταύρειον πιεῖν. ὁ Θεμιστοκλέους γὰρ θάνατος αἱρετώτερος. Δημοσθένης 85μὰ Δίʼ ἀλλʼ ἄκρατον οἶνον ἀγαθοῦ δαίμονος. ἴσως γὰρ ἂν χρηστόν τι βουλευσαίμεθα. Νικίας ἰδού γʼ ἄκρατον. περὶ πότου γοῦν ἐστί σοι; πῶς δʼ ἂν μεθύων χρηστόν τι βουλεύσαιτʼ ἀνήρ; Δημοσθένης ἄληθες οὗτος; κρουνοχυτρολήραιον εἶ. 90οἶνον σὺ τολμᾷς εἰς ἐπίνοιαν λοιδορεῖν; οἴνου γὰρ εὕροις ἄν τι πρακτικώτερον; ὁρᾷς, ὅταν πίνωσιν ἄνθρωποι τότε πλουτοῦσι διαπράττουσι νικῶσιν δίκας εὐδαιμονοῦσιν ὠφελοῦσι τοὺς φίλους. 95ἀλλʼ ἐξένεγκέ μοι ταχέως οἴνου χοᾶ, τὸν νοῦν ἵνʼ ἄρδω καὶ λέγω τι δεξιόν. Νικίας οἴμοι τί ποθʼ ἡμᾶς ἐργάσει τῷ σῷ πότῳ; Δημοσθένης ἀγάθʼ· ἀλλʼ ἔνεγκʼ· ἐγὼ δὲ κατακλινήσομαι. ἢν γὰρ μεθυσθῶ, πάντα ταυτὶ καταπάσω 100βουλευματίων καὶ γνωμιδίων καὶ νοιδίων. Νικίας ὡς εὐτυχῶς ὅτι οὐκ ἐλήφθην ἔνδοθεν κλέπτων τὸν οἶνον. Δημοσθένης εἰπέ μοι Παφλαγὼν τί δρᾷ; Νικίας ἐπίπαστα λείξας δημιόπραθʼ ὁ βάσκανος ῥέγκει μεθύων ἐν ταῖσι βύρσαις ὕπτιος. Δημοσθένης 105ἴθι νυν ἄκρατον ἐγκάναξόν μοι πολὺν σπονδήν. Νικίας λαβὲ δὴ καὶ σπεῖσον ἀγαθοῦ δαίμονος.

DEMOSTHENES The manliest sort of death? Let’s see; which is it?

NICIAS Had we not better drink the blood of bulls? ’Twere fine to die Themistocles’s death.

DEMOSTHENES Blood? no: pure wine, to the toast of Happy Fortune! From that we’ll maybe get some happy thought.

NICIAS Pure wine indeed! Is this a tippling matter? How can one get, when drunk, a happy thought?

DEMOSTHENES Aye, say you so, you water-fountain-twaddler? And dare you rail at wine’s inventiveness? I tell you nothing has such go as wine. Why, look you now; ’tis when men drink, they thrive, Grow wealthy, speed their business, win their suits, Make themselves happy, benefit their friends. Go, fetch me out a stoup of wine, and let me Moisten my wits, and utter something bright.

NICIAS O me, what good will all your tippling do?

DEMOSTHENES Much; bring it out; I’ll lay me down awhile; For when I’m drunk, I’ll everything bespatter With little scraps of schemes, and plots, and plans.

NICIAS I’ve got the wine; nobody saw me take it. Wasn’t that luck?

DEMOSTHENES What’s Paphlagon about?

NICIAS Drunk! Snoring on his back amidst his hides, The juggler; gorged with confiscation pasties.

DEMOSTHENES Come, tinkle out a bumper of pure wine, To pour.

NICIAS Here, take; and pour to Happy Fortune.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Benjamin Bickley Rogers (1924). Original text: Greek text: F. W. Hall and W. M. Geldart (eds.), Aristophanis Comoediae, Oxford Classical Texts, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1906-1907, as digitised by Perseus. English: Benjamin Bickley Rogers, Aristophanes, vol. I, Loeb Classical Library, London: William Heinemann, and New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1924.

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, Greek: CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain (Rogers). Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.