ἐκ δὲ Μεσσήνης ὑπὸ τοῦ Παμίσου τὸ στόμα ὁδὸς μὲν σταδίων ἐστὶν ὀγδοήκοντα, ῥεῖ δὲ ὁ Πάμισος διά τε ἀρουμένης καὶ καθαρὸς καὶ ἀναπλεῖται ναυσὶν ἐκ θαλάσσης ἐπὶ δέκα που σταδίους· ἀναθέουσι δὲ ἐς αὐτὸν καὶ οἱ θαλάσσιοι τῶν ἰχθύων περὶ ὥραν μάλιστα τοῦ ἦρος. τὸ δὲ αὐτὸ ἐς Ῥῆνόν τε καὶ ἐς τὸν Μαίανδρον ποιοῦσιν οἱ ἰχθῦς· μάλιστα δὲ ἀνὰ τὸ ῥεῦμα τὸ Ἀχελῴου νήχονται τοῦ ἐκδιδόντος κατὰ νήσους τὰς Ἐχινάδας.
διάφοροι δὲ τὸ εἶδος μάλιστα ἰχθῦς ἀναθέουσιν ἐς τὸν Πάμισον ἅτε ἐς ὕδωρ καθαρὸν καὶ οὐ κατὰ τὰ αὐτὰ τοῖς κατειλεγμένοις ποταμοῖς ἰλυῶδες· οἱ κέφαλοι δέ, ἅτε ἰχθύων ὄντες τῶν πηλαίων, ποταμῶν φίλοι τῶν θολερωτέρων εἰσί. θηρία δὲ ἐς ὄλεθρον ἀνθρώπων οὐ πεφύκασιν οἱ Ἑλλήνων ποταμοὶ φέρειν, καθάπερ γε Ἰνδὸς καὶ Νεῖλος ὁ Αἰγύπτιος, ἔτι δὲ Ῥῆνος καὶ Ἴστρος Εὐφράτης τε καὶ Φᾶσις· οὗτοι γὰρ δὴ θηρία ὅμοια τοῖς μάλιστα ἀνδροφάγα αὔξουσι, ταῖς ἐν Ἕρμῳ καὶ Μαιάνδρῳ γλάνισιν ἐοικότα ἰδέας πλὴν χρόας τε μελαντέρας καὶ ἀλκῆς· ταῦτα δὲ αἱ γλάνεις ἀποδέουσιν.
ὁ δὲ Ἰνδὸς καὶ ὁ Νεῖλος κροκοδείλους μὲν ἀμφότεροι, Νεῖλος δὲ παρέχεται καὶ ἵππους, οὐκ ἔλασσον ἢ ὁ κροκόδειλος κακὸν ἀνθρώποις. οἱ δὲ Ἑλλήνων ποταμοὶ δείματα ὡς ἀπὸ θηρίων εἰσὶν οὐδέν, ἐπεὶ καὶ Ἀώῳ τῷ διὰ τῆς Θεσπρωτίδος ῥέοντι ἠπείρου θηρία οὐ ποτάμια οἱ κύνες, ἀλλὰ ἐπήλυδές εἰσιν ἐκ θαλάσσης.
Κορώνη δέ ἐστι πόλις ἐν δεξιᾷ τοῦ Παμίσου πρὸς θαλάσσῃ τε καὶ ὑπὸ τῷ ὄρει τῇ Μαθίᾳ. κατὰ δὲ τὴν ὁδὸν ταύτην ἐστὶν ἐπὶ θαλάσσῃ χωρίον, ὃ Ἰνοῦς ἱερὸν εἶναι νομίζουσιν· ἐπαναβῆναι γὰρ ἐνταῦθα ἐκ θαλάσσης φασὶν αὐτὴν θεόν τε ἤδη νομιζομένην καὶ Λευκοθέαν καλουμένην ἀντὶ Ἰνοῦς. προελθόντων δὲ οὐ πολὺ Βίας ἐκδίδωσιν ἐς θάλασσαν ποταμός· γενέσθαι δὲ αὐτῷ λέγουσι τὸ ὄνομα ἀπὸ Βίαντος τοῦ Ἀμυθάονος. καὶ Πλατανιστῶνος δὲ ἡ πηγὴ στάδια μὲν εἴκοσίν ἐστιν ἀπωτέρω τῆς ὁδοῦ, ῥεῖ δὲ ἐκ πλατάνου τὸ ὕδωρ πλατείας καὶ τὰ ἐντὸς κοίλης· κατὰ σπήλαιον μάλιστά που μικρὸν τὸ εὖρός ἐστι τοῦ δένδρου, καὶ τὸ ὕδωρ αὐτόθεν ἐς Κορώνην τὸ πότιμον κάτεισι.
τὸ μὲν δὴ ὄνομα τὸ ἀρχαῖον εἶχεν Αἴπεια· ἐπεὶ δὲ ὑπὸ Θηβαίων κατήχθησαν ἐς Πελοπόννησον, Ἐπιμηλίδην φασὶν ἀποσταλέντα οἰκιστὴν καλέσαι Κορώνειαν, εἶναι γὰρ αὐτὸν ἐκ Κορωνείας τῆς Βοιωτῶν, τοὺς δὲ Μεσσηνίους ἐξ ἀρχῆς τε οὐ κατορθοῦν περὶ τὸ ὄνομα καὶ μᾶλλον ἔτι ἀνὰ χρόνον ἐκνικῆσαι τὸ ἐκείνων ἁμάρτημα. λέγεται δὲ καὶ ἕτερος λόγος, ὡς τοῦ τείχους τὰ θεμέλια ὀρύσσοντες ἐπιτύχοιεν κορώνῃ χαλκῇ.
θεῶν δέ ἐστιν ἐνταῦθα Ἀρτέμιδός τε καλουμένης Παιδοτρόφου καὶ Διονύσου καὶ Ἀσκληπιοῦ ναός· τῷ μὲν δὴ Ἀσκληπιῷ καὶ Διονύσῳ λίθου, Διὸς δὲ Σωτῆρος χαλκοῦν ἄγαλμα ἐπὶ τῆς ἀγορᾶς πεποίηται. χαλκοῦν δὲ καὶ ἐν ἀκροπόλει τῆς Ἀθηνᾶς τὸ ἄγαλμά ἐστιν ἐν ὑπαίθρῳ, κορώνην ἐν τῇ χειρὶ ἔχουσα. εἶδον δὲ καὶ τοῦ Ἐπιμηλίδου μνῆμα· ἐφʼ ὅτῳ δὲ τὸν λιμένα Ἀχαιῶν καλοῦσιν, οὐκ οἶδα.
ἐκ Κορώνης δὲ ὡς ὀγδοήκοντα σταδίους προελθόντι Ἀπόλλωνός ἐστιν ἱερὸν πρὸς θαλάσσῃ τιμὰς ἔχον· ἀρχαιότατόν τε γὰρ λόγῳ τῷ Μεσσηνίων ἐστὶ καὶ νοσήματα ὁ θεὸς ἰᾶται, Κόρυνθον δὲ Ἀπόλλωνα ὀνομάζουσι. τοῦτο μὲν δὴ ξόανον, τοῦ Ἀργεώτα δὲ χαλκοῦν ἐστι τὸ ἄγαλμα· ἀναθεῖναι δέ φασι τοὺς ἐν τῇ Ἀργοῖ πλεύσαντας.
τῇ Κορωναίων δὲ πόλει ἐστὶν ὅμορος Κολωνίδες· οἱ δὲ ἐνταῦθα οὐ Μεσσήνιοί φασιν εἶναι, ἀλλὰ ἐκ τῆς Ἀττικῆς ἀγαγεῖν σφᾶς Κόλαινον λέγουσι, Κολαίνῳ δὲ κόρυδον τὴν ὄρνιθα ἐκ μαντεύματος ἐς τὴν ἀποικίαν ἡγήσασθαι. ἔμελλον δὲ ἄρα διάλεκτόν τε ἀνὰ χρόνον καὶ ἔθη μεταμαθήσεσθαι τὰ Δωριέων. κεῖται δὲ τὸ πόλισμα αἱ Κολωνίδες ἐπὶ ὑψηλοῦ, μικρὸν ἀπὸ θαλάσσης.
Ἀσιναῖοι δὲ τὸ μὲν ἐξ ἀρχῆς Λυκωρίταις ὅμοροι περὶ τὸν Παρνασσὸν ᾤκουν· ὄνομα δὲ ἦν αὐτοῖς, ὃ δὴ καὶ ἐς Πελοπόννησον διεσώσαντο, ἀπὸ τοῦ οἰκιστοῦ Δρύοπες. γενεᾷ δὲ ὕστερον τρίτῃ βασιλεύοντος Φύλαντος μάχῃ τε οἱ Δρύοπες ὑπὸ Ἡρακλέους ἐκρατήθησαν καὶ τῷ Ἀπόλλωνι ἀνάθημα ἤχθησαν ἐς Δελφούς· ἀναχθέντες δὲ ἐς Πελοπόννησον χρήσαντος Ἡρακλεῖ τοῦ θεοῦ πρῶτα μὲν τὴν πρὸς Ἑρμιόνι Ἀσίνην ἔσχον, ἐκεῖθεν δὲ ἐκπεσόντες ὑπὸ Ἀργείων οἰκοῦσιν ἐν τῇ Μεσσηνίᾳ, Λακεδαιμονίων δόντων καὶ ὡς ἀνὰ χρόνον οἱ Μεσσήνιοι κατήχθησαν οὐ γενομένης σφίσιν ὑπʼ αὐτῶν ἀναστάτου τῆς πόλεως.
Ἀσιναῖοι δὲ αὐτοὶ περὶ σφῶν οὕτω λέγουσι· κρατηθῆναι μὲν ὑπὸ Ἡρακλέους μάχῃ συγχωροῦσιν ἁλῶναί τε τὴν ἐν τῷ Παρνασσῷ πόλιν, αἰχμάλωτοι δὲ γενέσθαι καὶ ἀχθῆναι παρὰ τὸν Ἀπόλλωνα οὔ φασιν· ἀλλʼ ὡς ἡλίσκετο ὑπὸ τοῦ Ἡρακλέους τὸ τεῖχος, ἐκλιπεῖν τὴν πόλιν καὶ ἀναφυγεῖν ἐς τὰ ἄκρα τοῦ Παρνασσοῦ, διαβάντες δὲ ὕστερον ναυσὶν ἐς Πελοπόννησον γενέσθαι φασὶν Εὐρυσθέως ἱκέται, καὶ σφίσιν Εὐρυσθέα ἅτε ἀπεχθανόμενον τῷ Ἡρακλεῖ δοῦναι τὴν ἐν τῇ Ἀργολίδι Ἀσίνην.
μόνοι δὲ τοῦ γένους τοῦ Δρυόπων οἱ Ἀσιναῖοι σεμνύνονται καὶ ἐς ἡμᾶς ἔτι τῷ ὀνόματι, οὐδὲν ὁμοίως καὶ Εὐβοέων οἱ Στύρα ἔχοντες. εἰσὶ γὰρ καὶ οἱ Στυρεῖς Δρύοπες τὸ ἐξ ἀρχῆς, ὅσοι τῆς πρὸς τὸν Ἡρακλέα οὐ μετέσχον μάχης, ἀπωτέρω τῆς πόλεως ἔχοντες τὰς οἰκήσεις· ἀλλὰ οἱ μὲν Στυρεῖς καλεῖσθαι Δρύοπες ὑπερφρονοῦσι, καθάπερ γε καὶ οἱ Δελφοὶ πεφεύγασιν ὀνομάζεσθαι Φωκεῖς, Ἀσιναῖοι δὲ Δρύοπές τε τὰ μάλιστα χαίρουσι καλούμενοι καὶ τῶν ἱερῶν τὰ ἁγιώτατά εἰσι δῆλοι κατὰ μνήμην πεποιημένοι τῶν ποτὲ ἐν Παρνασσῷ σφισιν ἱδρυμένων. τοῦτο μὲν γὰρ Ἀπόλλωνός ἐστιν αὐτοῖς ναός, τοῦτο δὲ Δρύοπος ἱερὸν καὶ ἄγαλμα ἀρχαῖον· ἄγουσι καὶ παρὰ ἔτος αὐτῷ τελετήν, παῖδα τὸν Δρύοπα Ἀπόλλωνος εἶναι λέγοντες.
κεῖται δὲ ἐπὶ θαλάσσῃ καὶ αὐτὴ κατὰ τὰ αὐτὰ τῇ ποτὲ ἐν μοίρᾳ τῇ Ἀργολίδι Ἀσίνῃ· σταδίων δὲ τεσσαράκοντά ἐστιν ἐκ Κολωνίδων ἐς αὐτὴν ὁδός, τοσαύτη δὲ καὶ ἐκ τῆς Ἀσίνης πρὸς τὸν Ἀκρίταν καλούμενον. ἀνέχει δὲ ἐς θάλασσαν ὁ Ἀκρίτας, καὶ νῆσος Θηγανοῦσσά ἐστιν ἔρημος πρὸ αὐτοῦ· μετὰ δὲ τὸν Ἀκρίταν λιμήν τε Φοινικοῦς καὶ νῆσοι κατʼ αὐτὸν Οἰνοῦσσαι.
From Messene to the mouth of the Pamisus is a journey of eighty furlongs. The Pamisus flows through tilled land: its waters are clear; and vessels sail up it from the sea for about ten furlongs. Sea-fish also ascend it, especially in spring-time. Fish do the same thing also in the Rhine and the Maeander; but above all they swim up the stream of the Achelous, which falls into the sea opposite the Echinadian islands. But the fish that swim up the Pamisus are of a very different sort, because its water is clear and not slimy like that of the rivers I have named. But the gray mullet, being a fish that lives in mud, loves turbid rivers. The rivers of Greece do not breed creatures that are deadly to man, as do the Indus and the Egyptian Nile, and also the Rhine, Danube, Euphrates, and Phasis. These rivers breed creatures that prey upon men most voraciously: in shape the creatures resemble the shads in the Hermus and Maeander, but they are stronger and of a darker hue than the shads. The Indus and the Nile both contain crocodiles, and the Nile contains hippopotamuses also, which are as dangerous to man as the crocodile. But in the rivers of Greece you have nothing to fear from monsters; for in the Aous, which flows through Thesprotis in Epirus, the sharks are not native to the river, but come up from the sea. 2. Corone is a town on the right of the Pamisus: it lies on the coast at the foot of Mount Mathia. On this road there is a place beside the sea which they deem sacred to Ino; for they say that here she came up out of the sea as a full-blown goddess, with the name of Leucothea instead of Ino. A little farther on we come to the mouth of the river Bias, said to have been named after Bias, son of Amythaon. Twenty furlongs from the road is the spring of the Plane-tree Grove: the water flows out of a broad plane-tree which is hollow inside: the breadth of the tree is like that of a small cavern, and it is from here that the drinking-water descends to Corone.
The ancient name of Corone was Aepea; but when the Messenians were restored to Peloponnese by the Thebans, they say that Epimelides, being sent to repeople the town, called it Coronea, because he himself came from Coronea in Boeotia ; but from the first the Messenians did not pronounce the name rightly, and as time went on the wrong pronunciation prevailed more and more. Another story is that in digging the foundations of the wall they lit on a bronze crow (korone). There are temples here of Artemis called Child-rearer, of Dionysus, and of Aesculapius. The images of Aesculapius and Dionysus are of stone, but the image of Saviour Zeus in the market-place is of bronze. The image of Athena that stands in the acropolis under the open sky is also of bronze: she is holding a crow in her hand. I saw also the tomb of Epimelides. Why they call the harbour the harbour of the Achaeans I do not know.
Going on from Corone about eighty furlongs you come to a sanctuary of Apollo beside the sea: it is held in honour because, according to the Messenians, it is of great antiquity, and the god heals diseases. They name him Crested-lark Apollo. His image is of wood; but the image of Argeot (Apollo) is of bronze, and they say that it was dedicated by the Argonauts.
Next to Corone is Colonides, their lands marching together. The people of Colonides say that they are not Messenians, but were brought from Attica by Colaenus, who, in accordance with an oracle, was guided by a crested lark to the place where he was to plant his colony. However they were destined, in course of time, to adopt the dialect and customs of the Dorians. The town of Colonides lies on a height a little way from the sea.
The people of Asine were originally neighbours of the people of Lycorea on Mount Parnassus, and were named Dryopians after their founder. This name they preserved when they came to Peloponnese. But two generations afterwards, in the reign of Phylas, the Dryopians were conquered in battle by Hercules and brought to Delphi as an offering to Apollo. But in obedience to an oracle which the god gave to Hercules they were brought to Peloponnese, where they first occupied Asine, near Hermion: being driven thence by the Argives they settled in Messenia by the permission of the Lacedaemonians, and, in course of time, when the Messenians were restored, the Asinaeans were not expelled from their city. But what the Asinaeans say about themselves is this. They admit that they were conquered by Hercules in battle, and that their city on Parnassus was taken; but they deny that they were made prisoners and brought to Apollo: they say that when the walls were captured by Hercules they abandoned the city and fled to the peaks of Parnassus ; afterwards, having crossed in ships to Peloponnese, they threw themselves on the protection of Eurystheus, who, being a foe of Hercules, bestowed on them Asine in Argolis. The Asinaeans are the only people of the stock of the Dryopians who still pride themselves on the name. Herein they differ from the people of Styra in Euboea, who are also Dryopians by descent, but took no part in the fight with Hercules because they dwelt far from the city. But the Styrians scorn to be called Dryopians, just as the Delphians shrink from being called Phocians. Whereas it gives the Asinaeans the greatest pleasure to be called Dryopians, and it is plain that they have founded their holiest sanctuaries in memory of their old sanctuaries on Parnassus; for they have both a temple of Apollo and a sanctuary of Dryops with an ancient image. They also celebrate mysteries every other year in honour of Dryops, whom they affirm to be a son of Apollo.
The city, too, stands by the sea just like their old Asine in Argolis. It is forty furlongs from Colonides to Asine, and as far from Asine to Acritas, which is a headland running into the sea with a desert island called Theganussa lying off it. After Acritas there is port Phoenicus with the Oenussian islands lying opposite to it.
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