Hesiod · Shield of Heracles Ἀσπὶς Ἡρακλέους

Hesiod, Shield of Heracles 1–74: Alcmena and the birth of Heracles; Cycnus (1-74)

The poem opens with Alcmena, the beautiful and faithful daughter of Electryon, whose husband Amphitryon had come to Thebes after killing her father and could not lie with her until he had avenged her brothers on the Taphians and Teleboans. While he is away, Zeus visits her by night and Amphitryon returns the same night, so that she bears twin sons, Heracles to Zeus and Iphicles to Amphitryon. The poem then turns to Heracles' fight with Cycnus, son of Ares, whom he met in the precinct of Apollo.

Lines 1–74 · 718 words · click a number to copy its link
1ἢ οἵη προλιποῦσα δόμους καὶ πατρίδα γαῖαν ἤλυθεν ἐς Θήβας μετʼ ἀρήιον Ἀμφιτρύωνα Ἀλκμήνη, θυγάτηρ λαοσσόου Ἠλεκτρύωνος· ἥ ῥα γυναικῶν φῦλον ἐκαίνυτο θηλυτεράων 5εἴδεΐ τε μεγέθει τε· νόον γε μὲν οὔ τις ἔριζε τάων, ἃς θνηταὶ θνητοῖς τέκον εὐνηθεῖσαι. τῆς καὶ ἀπὸ κρῆθεν βλεφάρων τʼ ἄπο κυανεάων τοῖον ἄηθʼ οἷόν τε πολυχρύσου Ἀφροδίτης. ἣ δὲ καὶ ὣς κατὰ θυμὸν ἑὸν τίεσκεν ἀκοίτην, 10ὡς οὔ πώ τις ἔτισε γυναικῶν θηλυτεράων· ἦ μέν οἱ πατέρʼ ἐσθλὸν ἀπέκτανε ἶφι δαμάσσας, χωσάμενος περὶ βουσί· λιπὼν δʼ ὅ γε πατρίδα γαῖαν ἐς Θήβας ἱκέτευσε φερεσσακέας Καδμείους. ἔνθʼ ὅ γε δώματʼ ἔναιε σὺν αἰδοίῃ παρακοίτι 15νόσφιν ἄτερ φιλότητος ἐφιμέρου, οὐδέ οἱ ἦεν πρὶν λεχέων ἐπιβῆναι ἐυσφύρου Ἠλεκτρυώνης, πρίν γε φόνον τίσαιτο κασιγνήτων μεγαθύμων ἧς ἀλόχου, μαλερῷ δὲ καταφλέξαι πυρὶ κώμας ἀνδρῶν ἡρώων Ταφίων ἰδὲ Τηλεβοάων. 20τὼς γάρ οἱ διέκειτο, θεοὶ δʼ ἐπὶ μάρτυροι ἦσαν· τῶν ὅ γʼ ὀπίζετο μῆνιν, ἐπείγετο δʼ ὅττι τάχιστα ἐκτελέσαι μέγα ἔργον, ὅ οἱ Διόθεν θέμις ἦεν. τῷ δʼ ἅμα ἱέμενοι πολέμοιό τε φυλόπιδός τε Βοιωτοὶ πλήξιπποι, ὑπὲρ σακέων πνείοντες, 25Λοκροί τʼ ἀγχέμαχοι καὶ Φωκῆες μεγάθυμοι ἕσποντʼ· ἦρχε δὲ τοῖσιν ἐὺς πάις Ἀλκαίοιο κυδιόων λαοῖσι. πατὴρ δʼ ἀνδρῶν τε θεῶν τε ἄλλην μῆτιν ὕφαινε μετὰ φρεσίν, ὥς ῥα θεοῖσιν ἀνδράσι τʼ ἀλφηστῇσιν ἀρῆς ἀλκτῆρα φυτεύσαι. 30ὦρτο δʼ ἀπʼ Οὐλύμποιο δόλον φρεσὶ βυσσοδομεύων, ἱμείρων φιλότητος ἐυζώνοιο γυναικός, ἐννύχιος· τάχα δʼ ἷξε Τυφαόνιον· τόθεν αὖτις Φίκιον ἀκρότατον προσεβήσατο μητίετα Ζεύς. ἔνθα καθεζόμενος φρεσὶ μήδετο θέσκελα ἔργα·

Or like her who left home and country and came to Thebes, following warlike Amphitryon,—even Alcmena, the daughter of Electryon, gatherer of the people. She surpassed the tribe of womankind in beauty and in height; and in wisdom none vied with her of those whom mortal women bore of union with mortal men. Her face and her dark eyes wafted such charm as comes from golden Aphrodite. And she so honored her husband in her heart as none of womankind did before her. In truth he had slain her noble father violently when he was angry about oxen; so he left his own country and came to Thebes and was suppliant to the shield-carrying men of Cadmus. There he dwelt with his modest wife without the joys of love, nor might he go in unto the neat-ankled daughter of Electryon until he had avenged the death of his wife's great-hearted brothers and utterly burned with blazing fire the villages of the heroes, the Taphians and Teleboans; for this thing was laid upon him, and the gods were witnesses to it. And he feared their anger, and hastened to perform the great task to which Zeus had bound him. With him went the horse-driving Boeotians, breathing above their shields, and the Locrians who fight hand to hand, and the gallant Phocians eager for war and battle. And the noble son of Alcaeus led them, rejoicing in his host. But the father of men and gods was forming another scheme in his heart, to beget one to defend against destruction gods and men who eat bread. So he arose from Olympus by night pondering guile in the deep of his heart, and yearned for the love of the well-girded woman. Quickly he came to Typhaonium, and from there again wise Zeus went on and trod the highest peak of Phicium: there he sat and planned marvellous things in his heart.

35αὐτῇ μὲν γὰρ νυκτὶ τανυσφύρου Ἠλεκτρυώνης εὐνῇ καὶ φιλότητι μίγη, τέλεσεν δʼ ἄρʼ ἐέλδωρ· αὐτῇ δʼ Ἀμφιτρύων λαοσσόος, ἀγλαὸς ἥρως, ἐκτελέσας μέγα ἔργον ἀφίκετο ὅνδε δόμονδε. οὐδʼ ὅ γʼ ἐπὶ δμῶας καὶ ποιμένας ἀγροιώτας 40ὦρτʼ ἰέναι, πρίν γʼ ἧς ἀλόχου ἐπιβήμεναι εὐνῆς· τοῖος γὰρ κραδίην πόθος αἴνυτο ποιμένα λαῶν. ὡς δʼ ὅτʼ ἀνὴρ ἀσπαστὸν ὑπεκπροφύγῃ κακότητα νούσου ὕπʼ ἀργαλέης ἢ καὶ κρατεροῦ ὑπὸ δεσμοῦ, ὥς ῥα τότʼ Ἀμφιτρύων χαλεπὸν πόνον ἐκτολυπεύσας 45ἀσπασίως τε φίλως τε ἑὸν δόμον εἰσαφίκανεν. παννύχιος δʼ ἄρʼ ἔλεκτο σὺν αἰδοίῃ παρακοίτι τερπόμενος δώροισι πολυχρύσου Ἀφροδίτης. ἣ δὲ θεῷ δμηθεῖσα καὶ ἀνέρι πολλὸν ἀρίστῳ Θήβῃ ἐν ἑπταπύλῳ διδυμάονε γείνατο παῖδε, 50οὐ καθʼ ὁμὰ φρονέοντε· κασιγνήτω γε μὲν ἤστην· τὸν μὲν χειρότερον, τὸν δʼ αὖ μέγʼ ἀμείνονα φῶτα, δεινόν τε κρατερόν τε, βίην Ἡρακληείην· τὸν μὲν ὑποδμηθεῖσα κελαινεφέι Κρονίωνι, τὸν δʼ ἄρα Ἰφικλῆα δορυσσόῳ Ἀμφιτρύωνι, 55κεκριμένην γενεήν· τὸν μὲν βροτῷ ἀνδρὶ μιγεῖσα, τὸν δὲ Διὶ Κρονίωνι, θεῶν σημάντορι πάντων. ὃς καὶ Κύκνον ἔπεφνεν, Ἀρητιάδην μεγάθυμον. εὗρε γὰρ ἐν τεμένει ἑκατηβόλου Ἀπόλλωνος αὐτὸν καὶ πατέρα ὃν Ἄρην, ἄατον πολέμοιο, 60τεύχεσι λαμπομένους σέλας ὣς πυρὸς αἰθομένοιο, ἑσταότʼ ἐν δίφρῳ· χθόνα δʼ ἔκτυπον ὠκέες ἵπποι νύσσοντες χηλῇσι, κόνις δέ σφʼ ἀμφιδεδήει κοπτομένη πλεκτοῖσιν ὑφʼ ἅρμασι καὶ ποσὶν ἵππων. ἅρματα δʼ εὐποίητα καὶ ἄντυγες ἀμφαράβιζον 65ἵππων ἱεμένων· κεχάρητο δὲ Κύκνος ἀμύμων, ἐλπόμενος Διὸς υἱὸν ἀρήιον ἡνίοχόν τε χαλκῷ δηιώσειν καὶ ἀπὸ κλυτὰ τεύχεα δύσειν. ἀλλά οἱ εὐχωλέων οὐκ ἔκλυε Φοῖβος Ἀπόλλων· αὐτὸς γάρ οἱ ἐπῶρσε βίην Ἡρακληείην. 70πᾶν δʼ ἄλσος καὶ βωμὸς Ἀπόλλωνος Παγασαίου λάμπεν ὑπὸ δεινοῖο θεοῦ τευχέων τε καὶ αὐτοῦ· πῦρ δʼ ὣς ὀφθαλμῶν ἀπελάμπετο. τίς κεν ἐκείνου ἔτλη θνητὸς ἐὼν κατεναντίον ὁρμηθῆναι πλήν γʼ Ἡρακλῆος καὶ κυδαλίμου Ἰολάου;

So in one night Zeus shared the bed and love of the neat-ankled daughter of Electryon and fulfilled his desire; and in the same night Amphitryon, gatherer of the people, the glorious hero, came to his house when he had ended his great task. He hastened not to go to his bondmen and shepherds afield, but first went in to his wife: such desire took hold on the shepherd of the people. And as a man who has escaped joyfully from misery, whether of sore disease or cruel bondage, so then did Amphitryon, when he had wound up all his heavy task, come glad and welcome to his home. And all night long he lay with his modest wife, delighting in the gifts of golden Aphrodite. And she, being subject in love to a god and to a man exceeding goodly, brought forth twin sons in seven-gated Thebes. Though they were brothers, these were not of one spirit; for one was weaker but the other a far better man, one terrible and strong, the mighty Heracles. She bore him through the embrace of the son of Cronos lord of dark clouds and the other, Iphicles, of Amphitryon the spear-wielder— offspring distinct, this one of union with a mortal man, but that other of union with Zeus, leader of all the gods. And he slew Cycnus, the gallant son of Ares. For he found him in the precinct of far-shooting Apollo, him and his father Ares, never sated with war. Their armour shone like a flame of blazing fire as they two stood in their chariot: their swift horses struck the earth and pawed it with their hoofs, and the dust rose like smoke about them, pounded by the chariot wheels and the horses' hoofs, while the well-made chariot and its rails rattled around them as the horses plunged. And blameless Cycnus was glad, for he hoped to slay the warlike son of Zeus and his charioteer with the sword, and to strip off their splendid armour. But Phoebus Apollo would not listen to his vaunts, for he himself had stirred up mighty Heracles against him. And all the grove and altar of Pagasaean Apollo flamed because of the dread god and because of his arms; for his eyes flashed as with fire. What mortal man would have dared to meet him face to face save Heracles and glorious Iolaus?

People and places in this passage

English translation by Hugh G. Evelyn-White (1914). Original text: Hugh G. Evelyn-White (ed.), Hesiod, The Homeric Hymns and Homerica, Loeb Classical Library, London: Heinemann; New York: Macmillan, 1914 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.