Euripides · Bacchae Βάκχαι

Euripides, Bacchae 642–676: Third episode: Pentheus confronts the escaped stranger

Pentheus comes out and is enraged to find the stranger free before his house. The stranger tells him to listen to a messenger who has come from the mountain. The messenger from Kithairon asks for immunity before reporting the doings of the Bacchae, and Pentheus grants it.

Lines 642–676 · 329 words · click a number to copy its link
Πενθεύς 642πέπονθα δεινά· διαπέφευγέ μʼ ὁ ξένος, ὃς ἄρτι δεσμοῖς ἦν κατηναγκασμένος. ἔα ἔα· 645ὅδʼ ἐστὶν ἁνήρ· τί τάδε; πῶς προνώπιος φαίνῃ πρὸς οἴκοις τοῖς ἐμοῖς, ἔξω βεβώς; Διόνυσος στῆσον πόδʼ, ὀργῇ δʼ ὑπόθες ἥσυχον πόδα. Πενθεύς πόθεν σὺ δεσμὰ διαφυγὼν ἔξω περᾷς; Διόνυσος οὐκ εἶπον—ἢ οὐκ ἤκουσασ—ὅτι λύσει μέ τις; Πενθεύς 650τίς; τοὺς λόγους γὰρ ἐσφέρεις καινοὺς ἀεί. Διόνυσος ὃς τὴν πολύβοτρυν ἄμπελον φύει βροτοῖς. Πενθεύς […] Διόνυσος ὠνείδισας δὴ τοῦτο Διονύσῳ καλόν. Πενθεύς κλῄειν κελεύω πάντα πύργον ἐν κύκλῳ. Διόνυσος τί δʼ; οὐχ ὑπερβαίνουσι καὶ τείχη θεοί; Πενθεύς 655σοφὸς σοφὸς σύ, πλὴν ἃ δεῖ σʼ εἶναι σοφόν. Διόνυσος ἃ δεῖ μάλιστα, ταῦτʼ ἔγωγʼ ἔφυν σοφός. κείνου δʼ ἀκούσας πρῶτα τοὺς λόγους μάθε, ὃς ἐξ ὄρους πάρεστιν ἀγγελῶν τί σοι· ἡμεῖς δέ σοι μενοῦμεν, οὐ φευξούμεθα. Ἄγγελος 660Πενθεῦ κρατύνων τῆσδε Θηβαίας χθονός, ἥκω Κιθαιρῶνʼ ἐκλιπών, ἵνʼ οὔποτε λευκῆς χιόνος ἀνεῖσαν εὐαγεῖς βολαί. Πενθεύς ἥκεις δὲ ποίαν προστιθεὶς σπουδὴν λόγου; Ἄγγελος βάκχας ποτνιάδας εἰσιδών, αἳ τῆσδε γῆς 665οἴστροισι λευκὸν κῶλον ἐξηκόντισαν, ἥκω φράσαι σοὶ καὶ πόλει χρῄζων, ἄναξ, ὡς δεινὰ δρῶσι θαυμάτων τε κρείσσονα. θέλω δʼ ἀκοῦσαι, πότερά σοι παρρησίᾳ φράσω τὰ κεῖθεν ἢ λόγον στειλώμεθα· 670τὸ γὰρ τάχος σου τῶν φρενῶν δέδοικʼ, ἄναξ, καὶ τοὐξύθυμον καὶ τὸ βασιλικὸν λίαν. Πενθεύς λέγʼ, ὡς ἀθῷος ἐξ ἐμοῦ πάντως ἔσῃ. τοῖς γὰρ δικαίοις οὐχὶ θυμοῦσθαι χρεών. ὅσῳ δʼ ἂν εἴπῃς δεινότερα βακχῶν πέρι, 675τοσῷδε μᾶλλον τὸν ὑποθέντα τὰς τέχνας γυναιξὶ τόνδε τῇ δίκῃ προσθήσομεν.

Pentheus I have suffered terrible things; the stranger, who was recently constrained in bonds, has escaped me. Ah! Here is the man. What is this? How do you appear in front of my house, having come out?

Dionysus Stop, and put a stop to your anger.

Pentheus How have you escaped your chains and come outside?

Dionysus Did I not say—or did you not hear—that some one would deliver me?

Pentheus Who? You are always introducing strange explanations.

Dionysus He who produces the rich-clustering vine for mortals.

Pentheus […]

Dionysus You reproach Dionysus for what is his glory.

Pentheus I order you to close up all the towers around.

Dionysus Why? Do gods not pass over walls too?

Pentheus You are wise, wise at least in all save what you should be wise in.

Dionysus I was born wise in all that I should be. Listen first to the words of this man, who has come from the mountain to bring you some message. I will await you, I will not try to escape.

Messenger Pentheus, ruler of this land of Thebes, I have come from Kithairon, where the bright flakes of white snow never melt.

Pentheus What important news do you come to bring?

Messenger Having seen the holy Bacchae, who goaded to madness have darted from this land with their fair feet, I have come to tell you and the city, lord, that they are doing terrible things, beyond marvel. I wish to hear whether I should tell you in free speech the situation there or whether I should repress my report, for I fear, lord, the quickness of your mood, your keen temper and your too imperious disposition.

Pentheus Speak, as you will have immunity from me in any case. For it is not right to be angry with the just. The more you tell me terrible things about the Bacchae, the more I will punish this one here who taught the women these tricks.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Theodore A. Buckley (modernised by Perseus) (1850). Original text: Greek text: Gilbert Murray (ed.), Euripidis Fabulae, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1913, as digitised by Perseus. English: Theodore A. Buckley, The Tragedies of Euripides, London: Henry G. Bohn, 1850 (Perseus's modernised version).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.

Bacchae 642–676: Pentheus confronts the escaped stranger