Euripides · Bacchae Βάκχαι

Euripides, Bacchae 1352–1392: Exodos: Kadmos and Agave part into exile

Kadmos and Agave lament their disaster and bid each other farewell. Agave says that she will go into exile and take her sisters as companions, far from Kithairon and the thyrsos. The play ends with the Chorus' reflection that the gods bring many things to pass unexpectedly.

Lines 1352–1392 · 323 words · click a number to copy its link
Κάδμος 1352ὦ τέκνον, ὡς ἐς δεινὸν ἤλθομεν κακὸν πάντες, σύ θʼ ἡ τάλαινα σύγγονοί τε σαί, ἐγώ θʼ ὁ τλήμων· βαρβάρους ἀφίξομαι 1355γέρων μέτοικος· ἔτι δέ μοι τὸ θέσφατον ἐς Ἑλλάδʼ ἀγαγεῖν μιγάδα βάρβαρον στρατόν. καὶ τὴν Ἄρεως παῖδʼ Ἁρμονίαν, δάμαρτʼ ἐμήν, δράκων δρακαίνης φύσιν ἔχουσαν ἀγρίαν ἄξω ʼπὶ βωμοὺς καὶ τάφους Ἑλληνικούς, 1360ἡγούμενος λόγχαισιν· οὐδὲ παύσομαι κακῶν ὁ τλήμων, οὐδὲ τὸν καταιβάτην Ἀχέροντα πλεύσας ἥσυχος γενήσομαι. Ἀγαύη ὦ πάτερ, ἐγὼ δὲ σοῦ στερεῖσα φεύξομαι. Κάδμος τί μʼ ἀμφιβάλλεις χερσίν, ὦ τάλαινα παῖ, 1365ὄρνις ὅπως κηφῆνα πολιόχρων κύκνος; Ἀγαύη ποῖ γὰρ τράπωμαι πατρίδος ἐκβεβλημένη; Κάδμος οὐκ οἶδα, τέκνον· μικρὸς ἐπίκουρος πατήρ.

Kadmos Child, what a terrible disaster we have all come to—unhappy you, your sisters, and unhappy me. I shall reach a foreign land as an aged immigrant. Still it is foretold that I shall bring into Hellas a motley barbarian army. Leading their spears, I, having the fierce nature of a serpent, will bring my wife Harmonia, daughter of Ares, to the altars and tombs of Hellas. I will neither rest from my troubles in my misery, nor will I sail over the downward flowing Acheron and be at peace.

Agave O father, I will go into exile deprived of you.

Kadmos Why do you embrace me with your hands, child, like a swan for its exhausted gray-haired parent?

Agave For where can I turn, banished from my father-land?

Kadmos I do not know, child; your father is a poor ally.

Ἀγαύη 1368χαῖρʼ, ὦ μέλαθρον, χαῖρʼ, ὦ πατρία πόλις· ἐκλείπω σʼ ἐπὶ δυστυχίᾳ 1370φυγὰς ἐκ θαλάμων. Κάδμος στεῖχέ νυν, ὦ παῖ, τὸν Ἀρισταίου […] […] Ἀγαύη στένομαί σε, πάτερ. Κάδμος κἀγὼ σέ, τέκνον, καὶ σὰς ἐδάκρυσα κασιγνήτας. Ἀγαύη δεινῶς γὰρ τάνδʼ αἰκείαν 1375Διόνυσος ἄναξ τοὺς σοὺς εἰς οἴκους ἔφερεν. Διόνυσος καὶ γὰρ ἔπασχον δεινὰ πρὸς ὑμῶν, ἀγέραστον ἔχων ὄνομʼ ἐν Θήβαις. Ἀγαύη χαῖρε, πάτερ, μοι. Κάδμος χαῖρʼ, ὦ μελέα 1380θύγατερ. χαλεπῶς δʼ ἐς τόδʼ ἂν ἥκοις. Ἀγαύη ἄγετʼ, ὦ πομποί, με κασιγνήτας ἵνα συμφυγάδας ληψόμεθʼ οἰκτράς. ἔλθοιμι δʼ ὅπου μήτε Κιθαιρὼν ἔμʼ ἴδοι μιαρὸς 1385μήτε Κιθαιρῶνʼ ὄσσοισιν ἐγώ, μήθʼ ὅθι θύρσου μνῆμʼ ἀνάκειται· Βάκχαις δʼ ἄλλαισι μέλοιεν. Χορός πολλαὶ μορφαὶ τῶν δαιμονίων, πολλὰ δʼ ἀέλπτως κραίνουσι θεοί· 1390καὶ τὰ δοκηθέντʼ οὐκ ἐτελέσθη, τῶν δʼ ἀδοκήτων πόρον ηὗρε θεός. τοιόνδʼ ἀπέβη τόδε πρᾶγμα.

Agave Farewell, house, farewell, city of my forefathers. In misfortune I leave you, a fugitive from my chamber.

Kadmos Go now, child, to the land of Aristaeus . . . […]

Agave I grieve for you, father.

Kadmos And I for you, child, and I weep for your sisters.

Agave Terribly indeed has lord Dionysus brought this misery to your home.

Dionysus Yes, for I suffered terrible things at your hands, with my name not honored in Thebes.

Agave Farewell, my father.

Kadmos Farewell, unhappy daughter; and yet you cannot easily fare well.

Agave Lead me, escorts, where I may take my pitiful sisters as companions to my exile. May I go where accursed Kithairon may not see me, nor I see Kithairon with my eyes, nor where a memorial of a thyrsos has been dedicated; let these concern other Bacchae.

Chorus Many are the forms of divine things, and the gods bring to pass many things unexpectedly; what is expected has not been accomplished, but the god has found out a means for doing things unthought of. So too has this event turned out.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Theodore A. Buckley (modernised by Perseus) (1850). Original text: Greek text: Gilbert Murray (ed.), Euripidis Fabulae, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1913, as digitised by Perseus. English: Theodore A. Buckley, The Tragedies of Euripides, London: Henry G. Bohn, 1850 (Perseus's modernised version).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.