Euripides · Bacchae Βάκχαι

Euripides, Bacchae 977–1023: Fourth choral ode: the hounds of Madness

The Chorus calls on the swift hounds of Madness to go to the mountain and drive the daughters of Kadmos against the man who spies on the Maenads. They sing that Justice will strike down the lawless offspring of Echion, and that those who resist the god's rites are punished. They pray that Dionysus will appear as a bull, serpent or lion and throw a noose around the hunter of the Bacchae.

Lines 977–1023 · 294 words · click a number to copy its link

Chorus

977ἴτε θοαὶ Λύσσας κύνες ἴτʼ εἰς ὄρος, θίασον ἔνθʼ ἔχουσι Κάδμου κόραι, ἀνοιστρήσατέ νιν 980ἐπὶ τὸν ἐν γυναικομίμῳ στολᾷ λυσσώδη κατάσκοπον μαινάδων. μάτηρ πρῶτά νιν λευρᾶς ἀπὸ πέτρας ἢ σκόλοπος ὄψεται δοκεύοντα, μαινάσιν δʼ ἀπύσει· 985Τίς ὅδʼ ὀρειδρόμων μαστὴρ Καδμείων ἐς ὄρος ἐς ὄρος ἔμολʼ ἔμολεν, ὦ βάκχαι; τίς ἄρα νιν ἔτεκεν; οὐ γὰρ ἐξ αἵματος γυναικῶν ἔφυ, λεαίνας δέ τινος 990ὅδʼ ἢ Γοργόνων Λιβυσσᾶν γένος. ἴτω δίκα φανερός, ἴτω ξιφηφόρος φονεύουσα λαιμῶν διαμπὰξ 995τὸν ἄθεον ἄνομον ἄδικον Ἐχίονος γόνον γηγενῆ.

Go to the mountain, go, fleet hounds of Madness, where the daughters of Kadmos hold their company, and drive them raving against the mad spy on the Maenads, the one dressed in women’s attire. His mother will be the first to see him from a smooth rock or crag, as he lies in ambush, and she will cry out to the maenads: Who is this seeker of the mountain-going Kadmeans who has come to the mountain, to the mountain, Bacchae? Who bore him? For he was not born from a woman’s blood, but is the offspring of some lioness or of Libyan Gorgons. Let manifest justice go forth, let it go with sword in hand, slaying through the throat this godless, lawless, unjust, earth-born offspring of Echion.

Chorus

997ὃς ἀδίκῳ γνώμᾳ παρανόμῳ τʼ ὀργᾷ περὶ σὰ Βάκχιʼ, ὄργια ματρός τε σᾶς μανείσᾳ πραπίδι 1000παρακόπῳ τε λήματι στέλλεται, τἀνίκατον ὡς κρατήσων βίᾳ, γνωμᾶν σωφρόνα θάνατος ἀπροφάσι- στος ἐς τὰ θεῶν ἔφυ· βροτείως τʼ ἔχειν ἄλυπος βίος. 1005τὸ σοφὸν οὐ φθονῶ· χαίρω θηρεύουσα· τὰ δʼ ἕτερα μεγάλα φανερά τʼ· ὤ, νάειν ἐπὶ τὰ καλὰ βίον, ἦμαρ ἐς νύκτα τʼ εὐ- αγοῦντʼ εὐσεβεῖν, τὰ δʼ ἔξω νόμιμα 1010δίκας ἐκβαλόντα τιμᾶν θεούς. ἴτω δίκα φανερός, ἴτω ξιφηφόρος φονεύουσα λαιμῶν διαμπὰξ 1015τὸν ἄθεον ἄνομον ἄδικον Ἐχίονος τόκον γηγενῆ.

Whoever with wicked mind and unjust rage regarding your rites, Bacchus, and those of your mother, comes with raving heart and mad disposition violently to overcome by force what is invincible—death is the discipline for his purposes, accepting no excuses when the affairs of the gods are concerned; to act like a mortal—this is a life that is free from pain. I do not envy wisdom, but rejoice in hunting it. But other things are great and manifest. Oh, for life to flow towards the good, to be pure and pious day and night, and to honor the gods, banishing customs that are outside of justice. Let manifest justice go forth, let it go with sword in hand, slaying through the throat this godless, lawless, unjust, earth-born offspring of Echion.

Chorus

1018φάνηθι ταῦρος ἢ πολύκρανος ἰδεῖν δράκων ἢ πυριφλέγων ὁρᾶσθαι λέων. 1020ἴθʼ, ὦ Βάκχε, θηραγρευτᾷ βακχᾶν γελῶντι προσώπῳ περίβαλε βρόχον θανάσιμον ὑπʼ ἀγέλαν πεσόν- τι τὰν μαινάδων.

Appear as a bull or many-headed serpent or raging lion to see. Go, Bacchus, with smiling face throw a deadly noose around the hunter of the Bacchae as he falls beneath the flock of Maenads.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Theodore A. Buckley (modernised by Perseus) (1850). Original text: Greek text: Gilbert Murray (ed.), Euripidis Fabulae, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1913, as digitised by Perseus. English: Theodore A. Buckley, The Tragedies of Euripides, London: Henry G. Bohn, 1850 (Perseus's modernised version).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.