Aristophanes · Thesmophoriazusae Θεσμοφοριάζουσαι

Aristophanes, Thesmophoriazusae 846–1000: Episode: the Helen parody and a choral hymn

Left under the guard of the woman Critylla, Mnesilochus decides to act the part of Helen from Euripides' Helen, and Euripides arrives as Menelaus. Critylla sees through the performance and drives Euripides off, and a Policeman has Mnesilochus tied to a plank under the guard of a Scythian archer. The chorus then sing a hymn to the gods of the festival.

Lines 846–1000 · 1290 words · click a number to copy its link
Μνησίλοχος 846ἰλλὸς γεγένημαι προσδοκῶν· ὁ δʼ οὐδέπω. τί δῆτʼ ἂν εἴη τοὐμποδών; οὐκ ἔσθʼ ὅπως οὐ τὸν Παλαμήδην ψυχρὸν ὄντʼ αἰσχύνεται. τῷ δῆτʼ ἂν αὐτὸν προσαγαγοίμην δράματι; 850ἐγᾦδα· τὴν καινὴν Ἑλένην μιμήσομαι. πάντως ὑπάρχει μοι γυναικεία στολή. Γυνὴ Γ τί αὖ σὺ κυρκανᾷς; τί κοικύλλεις ἔχων; πικρὰν Ἑλένην ὄψει τάχʼ, εἰ μὴ κοσμίως ἕξεις, ἕως ἂν τῶν πρυτάνεών τις φανῇ. Μνησίλοχος 855Νείλου μὲν αἵδε καλλιπάρθενοι ῥοαί,

MNESILOCHUS I’ve strained my eyes with watching; but my poet, “He cometh not.” Why not? Belike he feels Ashamed of his old frigid Palamede. Which is the play to fetch him? O, I know; Which but his brand-new Helen? I’ll be Helen. I’ve got the woman’s clothes, at all events.

CRITYLLA What are you plotting? What is that you’re muttering? I’ll Helen you, my master, if you don’t Keep quiet there till the policeman comes.

MNESILOCHUS (as Helen) These are the fair-nymphed waters of the Nile,

Μνησίλοχος 856ὃς ἀντὶ δίας ψακάδος Αἰγύπτου πέδον λευκῆς νοτίζει μελανοσυρμαῖον λεών. Γυνὴ Γ πανοῦργος εἶ νὴ τὴν Ἑκάτην τὴν φωσφόρον. Μνησίλοχος ἐμοὶ δὲ γῆ μὲν πατρὶς οὐκ ἀνώνυμος 860Σπάρτη, πατὴρ δὲ Τυνδάρεως. Γυνὴ Γ σοί γʼ ὦλεθρε πατὴρ ἐκεῖνός ἐστι; Φρυνώνδας μὲν οὖν. Μνησίλοχος Ἑλένη δʼ ἐκλήθην. Γυνὴ Γ αὖθις αὖ γίγνει γυνή, πρὶν τῆς ἑτέρας δοῦναι γυναικίσεως δίκην; Μνησίλοχος ψυχαὶ δὲ πολλαὶ διʼ ἔμʼ ἐπὶ Σκαμανδρίαις 865ῥοαῖσιν ἔθανον. Γυνὴ Γ ὤφελες δὲ καὶ σύ γε. Μνησίλοχος κἀγὼ μὲν ἐνθάδʼ εἴμʼ· ὁ δʼ ἄθλιος πόσις οὑμὸς Μενέλαος οὐδέπω προσέρχεται. τί οὖν ἔτι ζῶ; Γυνὴ Γ τῶν κοράκων πονηρίᾳ. Μνησίλοχος ἀλλʼ ὥσπερ αἰκάλλει τι καρδίαν ἐμήν. 870μὴ ψεῦσον ὦ Ζεῦ τῆς ἐπιούσης ἐλπίδος. Εὐριπίδης τίς τῶνδʼ ἐρυμνῶν δωμάτων ἔχει κράτος, ὅστις ξένους δέξαιτο ποντίῳ σάλῳ κάμνοντας ἐν χειμῶνι καὶ ναυαγίαις; Μνησίλοχος Πρωτέως τάδʼ ἐστὶ μέλαθρα. Εὐριπίδης ποίου Πρωτέως; Γυνὴ Γ 875ὦ τρισκακόδαιμον, ψεύδεται νὴ τὼ θεώ, ἐπεὶ τέθνηκε Πρωτέας ἔτη δέκα.

MNESILOCHUS Whose floods bedew, in place of heavenly showers, Egypt’s white plains and black-dosed citizens.

CRITYLLA Sweet-shining Hecate, what a rogue it is.

MNESILOCHUS Ah, not unknown my Spartan fatherland, Nor yet my father Tyndareus.

CRITYLLA My gracious! Was he your father? Sure, Phrynondas was.

MNESILOCHUS And I was Helen.

CRITYLLA What, again a woman? You’ve not been punished for your first freak yet.

MNESILOCHUS Full many a soul, by bright Scamander’s stream, Died for my sake.

CRITYLLA Would yours had died among them!

MNESILOCHUS And now I linger here; but Menelaus, My dear, dear lord, ah wherefore comes he not? O sluggish crows, to spare my hapless life! But soft! some hope is busy at my heart, A laughing hope—O Zeus, deceive me not.

EURIPIDES Who is the lord of this stupendous pile? Will he extend his hospitable care To some poor storm-tossed, shipwrecked mariners?

MNESILOCHUS These are the halls of Proteus.

EURIPIDES Proteus, are they?

CRITYLLA O, by the Twain, he lies like anything. I knew old Protteas’; he’s been dead these ten years.

Εὐριπίδης 877ποίαν δὲ χώραν εἰσεκέλσαμεν σκάφει; Μνησίλοχος Αἴγυπτον. Εὐριπίδης ὦ δύστηνος οἷ πεπλώκαμεν. Γυνὴ Γ πείθει τι τούτῳ τῷ κακῶς ἀπολουμένῳ 880ληροῦντι λῆρον; Θεσμοφορεῖον τουτογί. Εὐριπίδης αὐτὸς δὲ Πρωτεὺς ἔνδον ἔστʼ ἢ ʼξώπιος; Γυνὴ Γ οὐκ ἔσθʼ ὅπως οὐ ναυτιᾷς ἔτʼ ὦ ξένε, ὅστις γʼ ἀκούσας ὅτι τέθνηκε Πρωτέας ἔπειτʼ ἐρωτᾷς ἔνδον ἔστʼ ἢ ʼξώπιος; Εὐριπίδης 885αἰαῖ τέθνηκε. ποῦ δʼ ἐτυμβεύθη τάφῳ; Μνησίλοχος τόδʼ ἐστὶν αὐτοῦ σῆμʼ, ἐφʼ ᾧ καθήμεθα. Γυνὴ Γ κακῶς τʼ ἄρʼ ἐξόλοιο κἀξολεῖ γέ τοι, ὅστις γε τολμᾷς σῆμα τὸν βωμὸν καλεῖν. Εὐριπίδης τί δὴ σὺ θάσσεις τάσδε τυμβήρεις ἕδρας 890φάρει καλυπτὸς ὦ ξένη; Μνησίλοχος βιάζομαι γάμοισι Πρωτέως παιδὶ συμμεῖξαι λέχος. Γυνὴ Γ τί ὦ κακόδαιμον ἐξαπατᾷς αὖ τὸν ξένον; οὗτος πανουργῶν δεῦρʼ ἀνῆλθεν ὦ ξένε ὡς τὰς γυναῖκας ἐπὶ κλοπῇ τοῦ χρυσίου. Μνησίλοχος 895βάυζε τοὐμὸν σῶμα βάλλουσα ψόγῳ. Εὐριπίδης ξένη τίς ἡ γραῦς ἡ κακορροθοῦσά σε; Μνησίλοχος αὕτη Θεονόη Πρωτέως. Γυνὴ Γ μὰ τὼ θεὼ εἰ μὴ Κρίτυλλά γʼ Ἀντιθέου Γαργηττόθεν· σὺ δʼ εἶ πανοῦργος. Μνησίλοχος ὁπόσα τοι βούλει λέγε. 900οὐ γὰρ γαμοῦμαι σῷ κασιγνήτῳ ποτὲ προδοῦσα Μενέλεων τὸν ἐμὸν ἐν Τροίᾳ πόσιν. Εὐριπίδης γύναι τί εἶπας; στρέψον ἀνταυγεῖς κόρας.

EURIPIDES Then whither, whither have we steered our bark?

MNESILOCHUS To Egypt.

EURIPIDES O, the weary, weary way!

CRITYLLA Pray don’t believe one single word he says. This is the holy temple of the Twain.

EURIPIDES Know you if Proteus be at home or not?

CRITYLLA Why, don’t I tell you, he’s been dead these ten years! You can’t have quite got over your sea-sickness, Asking if Protteas be at home or not.

EURIPIDES Woe’s me! is Proteus dead? and where’s he buried?

MNESILOCHUS This is his tomb whereon I’m sitting now.

CRITYLLA O, hang the rascal; and he shall be hanged! How dare he say this altar is a tomb?

EURIPIDES And wherefore sitt’st thou on this monument, Veiled in thy mantle, lady?

MNESILOCHUS They compel me, A weeping bride, to marry Proteus’ son.

CRITYLLA Why do you tell the gentleman such fibs? Good gentleman, he’s a bad man; he came Among the women here, to steal their trinkets.

MNESILOCHUS Aye, aye, rail on: revile me as you list.

EURIPIDES Who is the old woman who reviles you, lady?

MNESILOCHUS Theonoé, Proteus’ daughter.

CRITYLLA What a story! Why, I’m Critylla, of Gargettus, sir, A very honest woman.

MNESILOCHUS Aye, speak on. But never will I wed thy brother, no, I won’t be false to absent Menelaus.

EURIPIDES What, lady, what? O, raise those orbs to mine,

Μνησίλοχος 903αἰσχύνομαί σε τὰς γνάθους ὑβρισμένη. Εὐριπίδης τουτὶ τί ἔστιν; ἀφασία τίς τοί μʼ ἔχει. 905ὦ θεοὶ τίνʼ ὄψιν εἰσορῶ; τίς εἶ γύναι; Μνησίλοχος σὺ δʼ εἶ τίς; αὑτὸς γὰρ σὲ κἄμʼ ἔχει λόγος. Εὐριπίδης Ἑλληνὶς εἶ τις ἢ ʼπιχωρία γυνή; Μνησίλοχος Ἑλληνίς. ἀλλὰ καὶ τὸ σὸν θέλω μαθεῖν. Εὐριπίδης Ἑλένῃ σʼ ὁμοίαν δὴ μάλιστʼ εἶδον γύναι. Μνησίλοχος 910ἐγὼ δὲ Μενελάῳ σʼ ὅσα γʼ ἐκ τῶν ἰφύων. Εὐριπίδης ἔγνως ἄρʼ ὀρθῶς ἄνδρα δυστυχέστατον. Μνησίλοχος ὦ χρόνιος ἐλθὼν σῆς δάμαρτος ἐσχάρας λαβέ με λαβέ με πόσι, περίβαλε δὲ χέρας. 915φέρε σὲ κύσω. ἄπαγέ μʼ ἄπαγʼ ἄπαγέ με λαβὼν ταχὺ πάνυ. Γυνὴ Γ κλαύσετʼ ἄρα νὴ τὼ θεὼ ὅστις σʼ ἀπάξει τυπτόμενος τῇ λαμπάδι. Εὐριπίδης σὺ τὴν ἐμὴν γυναῖκα κωλύεις ἐμέ, τὴν Τυνδάρειον παῖδʼ, ἐπὶ Σπάρτην ἄγειν; Γυνὴ Γ 920οἴμʼ ὡς πανοῦργος καὐτὸς εἶναί μοι δοκεῖς καὶ τοῦδέ τις ξύμβουλος. οὐκ ἐτὸς πάλαι ᾐγυπτιάζετʼ. ἀλλʼ ὅδε μὲν δώσει δίκην. προσέρχεται γὰρ ὁ πρύτανις χὠ τοξότης. Εὐριπίδης τουτὶ πονηρόν· ἀλλʼ ὑπαποκινητέον. Μνησίλοχος 925ἐγὼ δʼ ὁ κακοδαίμων τί δρῶ; Εὐριπίδης μένʼ ἥσυχος. οὐ γὰρ προδώσω σʼ οὐδέποτʼ, ἤνπερ ἐμπνέω,

MNESILOCHUS O sir, I blush to raise them, with these cheeks.

EURIPIDES O dear, O dear, I cannot speak for trembling. Ye Gods, is’t possible? Who art thou, lady?

MNESILOCHUS O, who art thou? I feel the same myself.

EURIPIDES Art thou Hellenic, or a born Egyptian?

MNESILOCHUS Hellenic I: O, tell me what art thou.

EURIPIDES O surely, surely, thou art Helen’s self.

MNESILOCHUS O, from the greens thou must be Menelaus.

EURIPIDES Yes, yes, you see that miserable man.

MNESILOCHUS O, long in coming to these longing arms, O, carry me, carry me, from this place, O, wrap me in thy close embrace, O, carry me, carry me, carry me home, by this fond and loving kiss, O, take me, take me, take me hence.

CRITYLLA I say now, none of this. Let go there, or I’ll strike you with this link!

EURIPIDES Let go my wife, the child of Tyndareus, Not take her home to Sparta? O, what mean you?

CRITYLLA O, that’s it, is it? You’re a bad one too! Both of one gang. That’s what your gipsying meant! But he at any rate shall meet his due. Here’s the policeman, and the Scythian coming.

EURIPIDES Ah, this won’t do: I must slip off awhile,

MNESILOCHUS And what am I to do?

EURIPIDES Keep quiet here, Be sure I’ll never fail you while I live;

Εὐριπίδης 927ἢν μὴ προλίπωσʼ αἱ μυρίαι με μηχαναί. Μνησίλοχος αὕτη μὲν ἡ μήρινθος οὐδὲν ἔσπασεν. Πρύτανις ὅδʼ ἔσθʼ ὁ πανοῦργος ὃν ἔλεγʼ ἡμῖν Κλεισθένης; 930οὗτος τί κύπτεις; δῆσον αὐτὸν εἰσάγων ὦ τοξότʼ ἐν τῇ σανίδι, κἄπειτʼ ἐνθαδὶ στήσας φύλαττε καὶ προσιέναι μηδένα ἔα πρὸς αὐτόν, ἀλλὰ τὴν μάστιγʼ ἔχων παῖʼ ἢν προσίῃ τις. Γυνὴ Γ νὴ Δίʼ ὡς νῦν δή γʼ ἀνὴρ 935ὀλίγου μʼ ἀφείλετʼ αὐτὸν ἱστιορράφος. Μνησίλοχος ὦ πρύτανι πρὸς τῆς δεξιᾶς, ἥνπερ φιλεῖς κοίλην προτείνειν ἀργύριον ἤν τις διδῷ, χάρισαι βραχύ τί μοι καίπερ ἀποθανουμένῳ. Πρύτανις τί σοι χαρίσωμαι; Μνησίλοχος γυμνὸν ἀποδύσαντά με 940κέλευε πρὸς τῇ σανίδι δεῖν τὸν τοξότην, ἵνα μὴ ʼν κροκωτοῖς καὶ μίτραις γέρων ἀνὴρ γέλωτα παρέχω τοῖς κόραξιν ἑστιῶν. Πρύτανις ἔχοντα ταῦτʼ ἔδοξε τῇ βουλῇ σε δεῖν, ἵνα τοῖς παριοῦσι δῆλος ᾖς πανοῦργος ὤν. Μνησίλοχος 945ἰαππαπαιάξ· ὦ κροκώθʼ οἷʼ εἴργασαι· κοὐκ ἔστʼ ἔτʼ ἐλπὶς οὐδεμία σωτηρίας. Χορός ἄγε νυν ἡμεῖς παίσωμεν ἅπερ νόμος ἐνθάδε ταῖσι γυναιξίν, ὅταν ὄργια σεμνὰ θεοῖν ἱεραῖς ὥραις ἀνέχωμεν, ἅπερ καὶ

EURIPIDES I have ten thousand tricks to save you yet.

MNESILOCHUS Well, you caught nothing by that haul, I think.

POLICEMAN O archer, here’s the vagabond, of whom Cleisthenes told us. (To Mn.) Why do you hang your head? (To Sc.) Take him within; there tie him on the plank; Then bring him here and watch him. Let not any Approach too near him: should they try to, take The whip, and smite them.

CRITYLLA Aye, one came but now Spinning his yarns, and all but got him off.

MNESILOCHUS O sir! policeman! grant me one request, O, by that hand I pray you, which you love To hold out empty, and to draw back full.

POLICEMAN What should I grant you?

MNESILOCHUS Don’t expose me thus; Do tell the Scythian he may strip me first; Don’t let a poor old man, in silks and snoods, Provoke the laughter of the crows that eat him.

POLICEMAN Thus hath the Council ordered it, that so The passers-by may see the rogue you are.

MNESILOCHUS Alas! alas! O yellow silk, I hate ye! O, I’ve no hope, no hope of getting free.

CHORUS Now for the revels, my sisters, which we to the great Twain Powers Prayerfully, carefully raise, in the holy festival hours.

CHORUS

949Παύσων σέβεται καὶ νηστεύει, 950πολλάκις αὐτοῖν ἐκ τῶν ὡρῶν ἐς τὰς ὥρας ξυνεπευχόμενος τοιαῦτα μέλειν θάμʼ ἑαυτῷ. ὅρμα χώρει· κοῦφα ποσὶν ἄγʼ ἐς κύκλον, 955χειρὶ σύναπτε χεῖρα, ῥυθμὸν χορείας ὕπαγε πᾶσα· βαῖνε καρπαλίμοιν ποδοῖν. ἐπισκοπεῖν δὲ πανταχῇ κυκλοῦσαν ὄμμα χρὴ χοροῦ κατάστασιν. ἅμα δὲ καὶ 960γένος Ὀλυμπίων θεῶν μέλπε καὶ γέραιρε φωνῇ πᾶσα χορομανεῖ τρόπῳ. εἰ δέ τις προσδοκᾷ κακῶς ἐρεῖν ἐν ἱερῷ γυναῖκά μʼ οὖσαν ἄνδρας, οὐκ ὀρθῶς φρονεῖ. ἀλλὰ χρῆν ὥσπερ ἔργον αὖ τι καινὸν πρῶτον εὐκύκλου χορείας εὐφυᾶ στῆσαι βάσιν. πρόβαινε ποσὶ τὸν εὐλύραν 970μέλπουσα καὶ τὴν τοξοφόρον Ἄρτεμιν ἄνασσαν ἁγνήν.

And Pauson will join in our worship to-day, And Pauson will join in the fasting, And, keen for the fast, to the Twain he will pray For the rite to be made everlasting, I ween, For the rite to be made everlasting. Now advance In the whirling, twirling dance, With hand linked in hand, as we deftly trip along, Keeping time to the cadence of the swiftly-flowing song; And be sure as we go That we dart careful glances, up and down, and to and fro. Now ’tis ours To entwine our choicest flowers, Flowers of song and adoration to the great Olympian Powers. Nor expect That the garland will be flecked With abuse of mortal men; such a thought is incorrect. For with prayer And with sacred loving care, A new and holy measure we will heedfully prepare. To the high and holy Minstrel Let the dancers onward go, And to Artemis, the maiden Of the quiver and the bow;

CHORUS

972χαῖρʼ ὦ ἑκάεργε, ὄπαζε δὲ νίκην· Ἥραν δὲ τὴν τελείαν μέλψωμεν ὥσπερ εἰκός, 975ἣ πᾶσι τοῖς χοροῖσιν ἐμπαίζει τε καὶ κλῇδας γάμου φυλάττει. Ἑρμῆν τε νόμιον ἄντομαι καὶ Πᾶνα καὶ Νύμφας φίλας ἐπιγελάσαι προθύμως 980ταῖς ἡμετέραισι χαρέντα χορείαις. ἔξαιρε δὴ προθύμως διπλῆν χάριν χορείας. παίσωμεν ὦ γυναῖκες οἷάπερ νόμος, νηστεύωμεν δὲ πάντως. 985ἀλλʼ εἶα πάλλʼ ἀνάστρεφʼ εὐρύθμῳ ποδί, τόρευε πᾶσαν ᾠδήν· ἡγοῦ δέ γʼ ὧδʼ αὐτὸς σὺ κισσοφόρε Βάκχειε δέσποτʼ· ἐγὼ δὲ κώμοις σὲ φιλοχόροισι μέλψω. 990εὔιον ὦ Διόνυσε Βρόμιε καὶ Σεμέλας παῖ, χοροῖς τερπόμενος κατʼ ὄρεα νυμφᾶν †ἐρατοῖσ† ἐν ὕμνοις, εὔιον εὔιον εὐοῖ […] ἀναχορεύων.

O, hear us, Far-controller, and the victory bestow. And we trust our merry music Will the matron Hera please, For she loves the pleasant Chorus And the dances such as these, —Wearing at her girdle The holy nuptial keys. To Pan and pastoral Hermes And the friendly Nymphs we pray, That they smile with gracious favour On our festival to-day, With their laughter-loving glances beaming brightly on our Play, As we dance the Double chorus To the old familiar strain, As we weave our ancient pastime On our holy day again, —Keeping fast and vigil In the Temple of the Twain. Turn the step, and change the measure, Raise a loftier music now; Come, the Lord of wine and pleasure, Evoi, Bacchus, lead us thou! Yea, for Thee we adore! Child of Semele, thee With thy glittering ivy-wreaths, Thee with music and song Ever and ever we praise. Thee with thy wood-nymphs delightedly singing. Evoi! Evoi! Evoi!

CHORUS

995ἀμφὶ δὲ σοὶ κτυπεῖται Κιθαιρώνιος ἠχώ, μελάμφυλλά τʼ ὄρη δάσκια καὶ νάπαι πετρώδεις βρέμονται· κύκλῳ δὲ περὶ σὲ κισσὸς 1000εὐπέταλος ἕλικι θάλλει.

Over the joyous hills the sweet strange melody ringing. Hark! Cithaeron resounds, Pleased the notes to prolong; Hark! the bosky ravines And the wild slopes thunder and roar, Volleying back the song. Round thee the ivy fair With delicate tendril twines.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Benjamin Bickley Rogers (1924). Original text: Greek text: F. W. Hall and W. M. Geldart (eds.), Aristophanis Comoediae, Oxford Classical Texts, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1906-1907, as digitised by Perseus. English: Benjamin Bickley Rogers, Aristophanes, vol. III, Loeb Classical Library, London: William Heinemann, and New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1924.

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, Greek: CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain (Rogers). Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.