Aeschylus · Prometheus Bound Προμηθεὺς δεσμώτης

Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound 1–87: Prologue: Prometheus is nailed to the rock

Power and Force bring Prometheus to a remote Scythian wilderness and order Hephaestus to chain him to the rock for stealing fire and giving it to mortals. Hephaestus pities his kinsman, but carries out the order of Zeus and drives in the fetters, while Power mocks the prisoner and tells him that he will have to learn to bear Zeus' rule. They go, and Prometheus is left alone.

Lines 1–87 · 840 words · click a number to copy its link
Κράτος 1Χθονὸς μὲν ἐς τηλουρὸν ἥκομεν πέδον, Σκύθην ἐς οἷμον, ἄβατον εἰς ἐρημίαν. Ἥφαιστε, σοὶ δὲ χρὴ μέλειν ἐπιστολὰς ἅς σοι πατὴρ ἐφεῖτο, τόνδε πρὸς πέτραις 5ὑψηλοκρήμνοις τὸν λεωργὸν ὀχμάσαι ἀδαμαντίνων δεσμῶν ἐν ἀρρήκτοις πέδαις. τὸ σὸν γὰρ ἄνθος, παντέχνου πυρὸς σέλας, θνητοῖσι κλέψας ὤπασεν. τοιᾶσδέ τοι ἁμαρτίας σφε δεῖ θεοῖς δοῦναι δίκην, 10ὡς ἂν διδαχθῇ τὴν Διὸς τυραννίδα στέργειν, φιλανθρώπου δὲ παύεσθαι τρόπου. Ἥφαιστος Κράτος Βία τε, σφῷν μὲν ἐντολὴ Διὸς ἔχει τέλος δὴ κοὐδὲν ἐμποδὼν ἔτι· ἐγὼ δʼ ἄτολμός εἰμι συγγενῆ θεὸν 15δῆσαι βίᾳ φάραγγι πρὸς δυσχειμέρῳ. πάντως δʼ ἀνάγκη τῶνδέ μοι τόλμαν σχεθεῖν· ἐξωριάζειν γὰρ πατρὸς λόγους βαρύ. τῆς ὀρθοβούλου Θέμιδος αἰπυμῆτα παῖ, ἄκοντά σʼ ἄκων δυσλύτοις χαλκεύμασι 20προσπασσαλεύσω τῷδʼ ἀπανθρώπῳ πάγῳ ἵνʼ οὔτε φωνὴν οὔτε του μορφὴν βροτῶν ὄψει, σταθευτὸς δʼ ἡλίου φοίβῃ φλογὶ χροιᾶς ἀμείψεις ἄνθος. ἀσμένῳ δέ σοι ἡ ποικιλείμων νὺξ ἀποκρύψει φάος, 25πάχνην θʼ ἑῴαν ἥλιος σκεδᾷ πάλιν· ἀεὶ δὲ τοῦ παρόντος ἀχθηδὼν κακοῦ τρύσει σʼ· ὁ λωφήσων γὰρ οὐ πέφυκέ πω. τοιαῦτʼ ἐπηύρω τοῦ φιλανθρώπου τρόπου. θεὸς θεῶν γὰρ οὐχ ὑποπτήσσων χόλον 30βροτοῖσι τιμὰς ὤπασας πέρα δίκης. ἀνθʼ ὧν ἀτερπῆ τήνδε φρουρήσεις πέτραν ὀρθοστάδην, ἄυπνος, οὐ κάμπτων γόνυ· πολλοὺς δʼ ὀδυρμοὺς καὶ γόους ἀνωφελεῖς φθέγξῃ· Διὸς γὰρ δυσπαραίτητοι φρένες. 35ἅπας δὲ τραχὺς ὅστις ἂν νέον κρατῇ.

Power To earth’s remotest limit we come, to the Scythian land, an untrodden solitude. And now, Hephaestus, yours is the charge to observe the mandates laid upon you by the Father—to clamp this miscreant upon the high craggy rocks in shackles of binding adamant that cannot be broken. For your own flower, flashing fire, source of all arts, he has purloined and bestowed upon mortal creatures. Such is his offence; for this he is bound to make requital to the gods, so that he may learn to bear with the sovereignty of Zeus and cease his man-loving ways.

Hephaestus Power and Force, for you indeed the behest of Zeus is now fulfilled, and nothing remains to stop you. But for me—I do not have the nerve myself to bind with force a kindred god upon this rocky cleft assailed by cruel winter. Yet, come what may, I am constrained to summon courage to this deed; for it is perilous to disregard the commandments of the Father. Lofty-minded son of Themis who counsels straight, against my will, no less than yours, I must rivet you with brazen bonds no hand can loose to this desolate crag, where neither voice nor form of mortal man shall you perceive; but, scorched by the sun’s bright beams, you shall lose the fair bloom of your flesh. And glad you shall be when spangled-robed night shall veil his brightness and when the sun shall scatter again the frost of morning. Evermore the burden of your present ill shall wear you out; for your deliverer is not yet born. Such is the prize you have gained for your championship of man. For, god though you are, you did not fear the wrath of the gods, but you bestowed honors upon mortal creatures beyond their due. Therefore on this joyless rock you must stand sentinel, erect, sleepless, your knee unbent. And many a groan and unavailing lament you shall utter; for the heart of Zeus is hard, and everyone is harsh whose power is new.

Κράτος 36εἶεν, τί μέλλεις καὶ κατοικτίζῃ μάτην; τί τὸν θεοῖς ἔχθιστον οὐ στυγεῖς θεόν, ὅστις τὸ σὸν θνητοῖσι προὔδωκεν γέρας; Ἥφαιστος τὸ συγγενές τοι δεινὸν ἥ θʼ ὁμιλία. Κράτος 40σύμφημʼ· ἀνηκουστεῖν δὲ τῶν πατρὸς λόγων οἷόν τε πῶς; οὐ τοῦτο δειμαίνεις πλέον; Ἥφαιστος αἰεί γε δὴ νηλὴς σὺ καὶ θράσους πλέως. Κράτος ἄκος γὰρ οὐδὲν τόνδε θρηνεῖσθαι. σὺ δὲ τὰ μηδὲν ὠφελοῦντα μὴ πόνει μάτην. Ἥφαιστος 45ὦ πολλὰ μισηθεῖσα χειρωναξία. Κράτος τί νιν στυγεῖς; πόνων γὰρ ὡς ἁπλῷ λόγῳ τῶν νῦν παρόντων οὐδὲν αἰτία τέχνη. Ἥφαιστος ἔμπας τις αὐτὴν ἄλλος ὤφελεν λαχεῖν. Κράτος ἅπαντʼ ἐπαχθῆ πλὴν θεοῖσι κοιρανεῖν· 50ἐλεύθερος γὰρ οὔτις ἐστὶ πλὴν Διός. Ἥφαιστος ἔγνωκα τοῖσδε κοὐδὲν ἀντειπεῖν ἔχω. Κράτος οὔκουν ἐπείξῃ τῷδε δεσμὰ περιβαλεῖν, ὡς μή σʼ ἐλινύοντα προσδερχθῇ πατήρ; Ἥφαιστος καὶ δὴ πρόχειρα ψάλια δέρκεσθαι πάρα. Κράτος 55βαλών νιν ἀμφὶ χερσὶν ἐγκρατεῖ σθένει ῥαιστῆρι θεῖνε, πασσάλευε πρὸς πέτραις. Ἥφαιστος περαίνεται δὴ κοὐ ματᾷ τοὔργον τόδε. Κράτος ἄρασσε μᾶλλον, σφίγγε, μηδαμῇ χάλα. δεινὸς γὰρ εὑρεῖν κἀξ ἀμηχάνων πόρον. Ἥφαιστος 60ἄραρεν ἥδε γʼ ὠλένη δυσεκλύτως.

Power Well, why delay and excite pity in vain? Why do you not detest a god most hateful to the gods, since he has betrayed your prerogative to mortals?

Hephaestus A strangely potent tie is kinship, and companionship as well.

Power I agree; yet to refuse to obey the commands of the Father; is this possible? Do you not fear that more?

Hephaestus Yes, you are ever pitiless and steeped in insolence.

Power Yes, for it does not good to bemoan this fellow. Stop wasting your labor at an unprofitable task.

Hephaestus Oh handicraft that I hate so much!

Power Why hate it? Since in truth your craft is in no way to blame for these present troubles.

Hephaestus Nevertheless, I wish it had fallen to another’s lot!

Power Every job is troublesome except to be the commander of gods; no one is free except Zeus.

Hephaestus I know it by this task; I cannot deny it.

Power Hurry then to cast the fetters about him, so that the Father does not see you loitering.

Hephaestus Well, there then! The bands are ready, as you may see.

Power Cast them about his wrists and with might strike with your hammer; rivet him to the rocks.

Hephaestus There! The work is getting done and not improperly.

Power Strike harder, clamp him tight, leave nothing loose; for he is wondrously clever at finding a way even out of desperate straits.

Hephaestus This arm, at least, is fixed permanently.

Κράτος 61καὶ τήνδε νῦν πόρπασον ἀσφαλῶς, ἵνα μάθῃ σοφιστὴς ὢν Διὸς νωθέστερος. Ἥφαιστος πλὴν τοῦδʼ ἂν οὐδεὶς ἐνδίκως μέμψαιτό μοι. Κράτος ἀδαμαντίνου νῦν σφηνὸς αὐθάδη γνάθον 65στέρνων διαμπὰξ πασσάλευʼ ἐρρωμένως. Ἥφαιστος αἰαῖ, Προμηθεῦ, σῶν ὑπερστένω πόνων. Κράτος σὺ δʼ αὖ κατοκνεῖς τῶν Διός τʼ ἐχθρῶν ὕπερ στένεις; ὅπως μὴ σαυτὸν οἰκτιεῖς ποτε. Ἥφαιστος ὁρᾷς θέαμα δυσθέατον ὄμμασιν. Κράτος 70ὁρῶ κυροῦντα τόνδε τῶν ἐπαξίων. ἀλλʼ ἀμφὶ πλευραῖς μασχαλιστῆρας βάλε. Ἥφαιστος δρᾶν ταῦτʼ ἀνάγκη, μηδὲν ἐγκέλευʼ ἄγαν. Κράτος ἦ μὴν κελεύσω κἀπιθωύξω γε πρός. χώρει κάτω, σκέλη δὲ κίρκωσον βίᾳ. Ἥφαιστος 75καὶ δὴ πέπρακται τοὔργον οὐ μακρῷ πόνῳ. Κράτος ἐρρωμένως νῦν θεῖνε διατόρους πέδας· ὡς οὑπιτιμητής γε τῶν ἔργων βαρύς. Ἥφαιστος ὅμοια μορφῇ γλῶσσά σου γηρύεται. Κράτος σὺ μαλθακίζου, τὴν δʼ ἐμὴν αὐθαδίαν 80ὀργῆς τε τραχύτητα μὴ ʼπίπλησσέ μοι. Ἥφαιστος στείχωμεν, ὡς κώλοισιν ἀμφίβληστρʼ ἔχει. Κράτος ἐνταῦθα νῦν ὕβριζε καὶ θεῶν γέρα συλῶν ἐφημέροισι προστίθει. τί σοι οἷοί τε θνητοὶ τῶνδʼ ἀπαντλῆσαι πόνων; 85ψευδωνύμως σε δαίμονες Προμηθέα καλοῦσιν· αὐτὸν γάρ σε δεῖ προμηθέως, ὅτῳ τρόπῳ τῆσδʼ ἐκκυλισθήσῃ τέχνης.

Power Now rivet this one too and securely, so that he may learn, for all his cleverness, that he is a fool compared to Zeus.

Hephaestus None but he could justly blame my work.

Power Now drive the adamantine wedge’s stubborn edge straight through his chest with your full force.

Hephaestus Alas, Prometheus, I groan for your sufferings.

Power What! Shrinking again and groaning over the enemies of Zeus? Take care, so that the day does not come when you shall grieve for yourself.

Hephaestus You see a spectacle grievous for eyes to behold.

Power I see this man getting his deserts. Come, cast the girths about his sides.

Hephaestus I must do this; spare me your needless ordering.

Power Indeed, I’ll order you, yes and more—I’ll hound you on. Get down below, and ring his legs by force.

Hephaestus There now! The work’s done and without much labor.

Power Now hammer the piercing fetters with your full force; for the appraiser of our work is severe.

Hephaestus The utterance of your tongue matches your looks.

Power Be softhearted then, but do not attack my stubborn will and my harsh mood.

Hephaestus Let us be gone, since he has got the fetters on his limbs.

Power There now, indulge your insolence, keep on wresting from the gods their honors to give them to creatures of a day. Are mortals able to lighten your load of sorrow? Falsely the gods call you Prometheus, for you yourself need forethought to free yourself from this handiwork.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Herbert Weir Smyth (modernised by Perseus) (1922). Original text: Greek text: Herbert Weir Smyth (ed. and trans.), Aeschylus, Loeb Classical Library, London: William Heinemann, 1922, as digitised by Perseus. English: Herbert Weir Smyth, Aeschylus, Loeb Classical Library, London: William Heinemann, 1922 (Perseus's modernised version of Smyth's prose translation).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.

Prometheus Bound 1–87: Prometheus is nailed to the rock