Aeschylus · Prometheus Bound Προμηθεὺς δεσμώτης

Aeschylus, Prometheus Bound 877–943: Third stasimon and Prometheus' defiance; Hermes arrives

Io, stung again by the gadfly, cries out in frenzy. The Chorus sing that it is wise to marry within one's own station and pray never to be the bride of a god, and Prometheus says that Zeus will be humbled by a marriage that will bring about his fall. Prometheus says that he cares nothing for Zeus, and sees Hermes coming as messenger.

Lines 877–943 · 618 words · click a number to copy its link

Io

877ἐλελεῦ ἐλελεῦ, ὑπό μʼ αὖ σφάκελος καὶ φρενοπληγεῖς μανίαι θάλπουσʼ, οἴστρου δʼ ἄρδις 880χρίει μʼ ἄπυρος· κραδία δὲ φόβῳ φρένα λακτίζει. τροχοδινεῖται δʼ ὄμμαθʼ ἑλίγδην, ἔξω δὲ δρόμου φέρομαι λύσσης πνεύματι μάργῳ, γλώσσης ἀκρατής· 885θολεροὶ δὲ λόγοι παίουσʼ εἰκῆ στυγνῆς πρὸς κύμασιν ἄτης.

Oh! Oh! Alas! Once again convulsive pain and frenzy, striking my brain, inflame me. I am stung by the gadfly’s barb, unforged by fire. My heart knocks at my ribs in terror; my eyeballs roll wildly round and round. I am carried out of my course by a fierce blast of madness; I’ve lost all mastery over my tongue, and a stream of turbid words beats recklessly against the billows of dark destruction.

Chorus

887ἦ σοφὸς ἦ σοφὸς ὃς πρῶτος ἐν γνώμᾳ τόδʼ ἐβάστασε καὶ γλώσ- σᾳ διεμυθολόγησεν, 890ὡς τὸ κηδεῦσαι καθʼ ἑαυτὸν ἀριστεύει μακρῷ, καὶ μήτε τῶν πλούτῳ διαθρυπτομένων μήτε τῶν γέννᾳ μεγαλυνομένων ὄντα χερνήταν ἐραστεῦσαι γάμων.

Ah, sage, sage indeed, was he who first pondered this truth in his mind and with his tongue gave it utterance— that to marry in one’s own class is far the best—a poor man should not desire to marry among those who are pampered by riches, or who are mighty in pride of birth.

Chorus

894μήποτε μήποτέ μʼ, ὦ 895πότνιαι Μοῖραι, λεχέων Διὸς εὐνά- τειραν ἴδοισθε πέλουσαν· μηδὲ πλαθείην γαμέτᾳ τινὶ τῶν ἐξ οὐρανοῦ. ταρβῶ γὰρ ἀστεργάνορα παρθενίαν εἰσορῶσʼ Ἰοῦς ἀμαλαπτομέναν 900δυσπλάνοις Ἥρας ἀλατείαις πόνων.

Never, oh never, immortal Fates, may you see me the partner of the bed of Zeus, and may I be wedded to no bridegroom who descends to me from heaven. For I shudder when I behold the loveless maidenhood of Io, cruelly crushed like this by her toilsome wanderings sent by Hera.

Chorus

901ἐμοὶ δʼ ὅτε μὲν ὁμαλὸς ὁ γάμος, ἄφοβος· μηδὲ κρεισσόνων θεῶν ἔρως ἄφυκτον ὄμμα προσδράκοι με. ἀπόλεμος ὅδε γʼ ὁ πόλεμος, ἄπορα πόριμος· 905οὐδʼ ἔχω τίς ἂν γενοίμαν. τὰν Διὸς γὰρ οὐχ ὁρῶ μῆτιν ὅπα φύγοιμʼ ἄν.

When marriage is on equal terms, in my opinion it is no cause for dread; so never may the love of the mightier gods cast on me its irresistible glance. That would indeed be a war that cannot be fought, a source of resourceless misery; and I do not know what would be my fate, for I do not see how I could escape the designs of Zeus.

Προμηθεύς 907ἦ μὴν ἔτι Ζεύς, καίπερ αὐθάδης φρενῶν, ἔσται ταπεινός, οἷον ἐξαρτύεται γάμον γαμεῖν, ὃς αὐτὸν ἐκ τυραννίδος 910θρόνων τʼ ἄιστον ἐκβαλεῖ· πατρὸς δʼ ἀρὰ Κρόνου τότʼ ἤδη παντελῶς κρανθήσεται, ἣν ἐκπίτνων ἠρᾶτο δηναιῶν θρόνων. τοιῶνδε μόχθων ἐκτροπὴν οὐδεὶς θεῶν δύναιτʼ ἂν αὐτῷ πλὴν ἐμοῦ δεῖξαι σαφῶς. 915ἐγὼ τάδʼ οἶδα χᾦ τρόπῳ. πρὸς ταῦτά νυν θαρσῶν καθήσθω τοῖς πεδαρσίοις κτύποις πιστός, τινάσσων τʼ ἐν χεροῖν πύρπνουν βέλος. οὐδὲν γὰρ αὐτῷ ταῦτʼ ἐπαρκέσει τὸ μὴ οὐ πεσεῖν ἀτίμως πτώματʼ οὐκ ἀνασχετά· 920τοῖον παλαιστὴν νῦν παρασκευάζεται ἐπʼ αὐτὸς αὑτῷ, δυσμαχώτατον τέρας· ὃς δὴ κεραυνοῦ κρείσσονʼ εὑρήσει φλόγα, βροντῆς θʼ ὑπερβάλλοντα καρτερὸν κτύπον· θαλασσίαν τε γῆς τινάκτειραν νόσον 925τρίαιναν, αἰχμὴν τὴν Ποσειδῶνος, σκεδᾷ. πταίσας δὲ τῷδε πρὸς κακῷ μαθήσεται ὅσον τό τʼ ἄρχειν καὶ τὸ δουλεύειν δίχα. Χορός σύ θην ἃ χρῄζεις, ταῦτʼ ἐπιγλωσσᾷ Διός. Προμηθεύς ἅπερ τελεῖται, πρὸς δʼ ἃ βούλομαι λέγω. Χορός 930καὶ προσδοκᾶν χρὴ δεσπόσειν Ζηνός τινα; Προμηθεύς καὶ τῶνδέ γʼ, ἕξει δυσλοφωτέρους πόνους. Χορός πῶς δʼ οὐχὶ ταρβεῖς τοιάδʼ ἐκρίπτων ἔπη; Προμηθεύς τί δʼ ἂν φοβοίμην ᾧ θανεῖν οὐ μόρσιμον; Χορός ἀλλʼ ἆθλον ἄν σοι τοῦδʼ ἔτʼ ἀλγίω πόροι. Προμηθεύς 935ὁ δʼ οὖν ποιείτω· πάντα προσδοκητά μοι. Χορός οἱ προσκυνοῦντες τὴν Ἀδράστειαν σοφοί. Προμηθεύς σέβου, προσεύχου, θῶπτε τὸν κρατοῦντʼ ἀεί. ἐμοὶ δʼ ἔλασσον Ζηνὸς ἢ μηδὲν μέλει. δράτω, κρατείτω τόνδε τὸν βραχὺν χρόνον, 940ὅπως θέλει· δαρὸν γὰρ οὐκ ἄρξει θεοῖς. ἀλλʼ εἰσορῶ γὰρ τόνδε τὸν Διὸς τρόχιν, τὸν τοῦ τυράννου τοῦ νέου διάκονον· πάντως τι καινὸν ἀγγελῶν ἐλήλυθεν.

Prometheus Yes, truly, the day will come when Zeus, although stubborn of soul, shall be humbled, seeing that he plans a marriage that shall hurl him into oblivion from his sovereignty and throne; and then immediately the curse his father Cronus invoked as he fell from his ancient throne, shall be fulfilled to the uttermost. Deliverance from such ruin no one of the gods can show him clearly except me. I know the fact and the means. So let him sit there in his assurance, putting his trust in the crash reverberating on high and brandishing his fire-breathing bolt in his hands. For these shall not protect him from falling in ignominious and unendurable ruin. Such an adversary is he now preparing despite himself, a prodigy irresistible, even one who shall discover a flame mightier than the lightning and a deafening crash to outroar the thunder; a prodigy who shall shiver the trident, Poseidon’s spear, that scourge of the sea and shaker of the land. Then, wrecked upon this evil, Zeus shall learn how different it is to be a sovereign and a slave.

Chorus Surely, it is only your own desire that you utter as a curse against Zeus.

Prometheus I speak what shall be brought to pass and, moreover, my own desire.

Chorus Must we really look for one to gain mastery over Zeus?

Prometheus Yes, and he shall bear upon his neck pangs more galling than these of mine.

Chorus How is it that you are not afraid to utter such taunts?

Prometheus Why should I fear since I am fated not to die?

Chorus But he might inflict on you an ordeal even more bitter than this.

Prometheus Let him, for all I care! I am prepared for anything.

Chorus Wise are they who do homage to Necessity.

Prometheus Worship, adore, and fawn upon whoever is your lord. But for Zeus I care less than nothing. Let him do his will, let him hold his power for his little day— since he will not bear sway over the gods for long. But wait, for over there I see his messenger, the servant of our new lord and master. Certainly he has come to announce some news.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Herbert Weir Smyth (modernised by Perseus) (1922). Original text: Greek text: Herbert Weir Smyth (ed. and trans.), Aeschylus, Loeb Classical Library, London: William Heinemann, 1922, as digitised by Perseus. English: Herbert Weir Smyth, Aeschylus, Loeb Classical Library, London: William Heinemann, 1922 (Perseus's modernised version of Smyth's prose translation).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.