Ἑρμῆς ὁ μὲν Καύκασος, ὦ Ἥφαιστε, οὗτος, ᾧ τὸν ἄθλιον τουτονὶ Τιτᾶνα προσηλῶσθαι δεήσει· περισκοπῶμεν δὲ ἤδη κρημνόν τινα ἐπιτήδειον, εἴ που τῆς χιόνος τι γυμνόν ἐστιν, ὡς βεβαιότερον καταπαγείη τὰ δεσμὰ καὶ οὗτος ἅπασι περιφανὴς εἴη κρεμάμενος.
Ἥφαιστος περισκοπῶμεν, ὦ Ἑρμῆ· οὔτε γὰρ ταπεινὸν καὶ πρόσγειον ἐσταυρῶσθαι χρή, ὡς μὴ ἐπαμύνοιεν αὐτῷ τὰ πλάσματα αὐτοῦ οἱ ἄνθρωποι, οὔτε μὴν κατὰ τὸ ἄκρον, — ἀφανὴς γὰρ ἂν εἴη τοῖς κάτω — ἀλλʼ εἰ δοκεῖ κατὰ μέσον ἐνταῦθά που ὑπὲρ τῆς φάραγγος ἀνεσταυρώσθω ἐκπετασθεὶς τὼ χεῖρε ἀπὸ τουτουὶ τοῦ κρημνοῦ πρὸς τὸν ἐναντίον.
Ἑρμῆς εὖ λέγεις· ἀπόξυροί τε γὰρ αἱ πέτραι καὶ ἀπρόσβατοι πανταχόθεν, ἠρέμα ἐπινενευκυῖαι, καὶ τῷ ποδὶ στενὴν ταύτην ὁ κρημνὸς ἔχει τὴν ἐπίβασιν, ὡς ἀκροποδητὶ μόλις ἑστάναι, καὶ ὅλως ἐπικαιρότατος ἂν ὁ σταυρὸς γένοιτο. μὴ μέλλε οὖν, ὦ Προμηθεῦ, ἀλλʼ ἀνάβαινε καὶ πάρεχε σεαυτὸν καταπαγησόμενον πρὸς τὸ ὄρος.
Προμηθεύς ἀλλὰ κἂν ὑμεῖς γε, ὦ Ἥφαιστε καὶ Ἑρμῆ, κατελεησατέ με παρὰ τὴν ἀξίαν δυστυχοῦντα.
Ἑρμῆς τοῦτο φής, ὦ Προμηθεῦ, ἀντὶ σοῦ ἀνασκολοπισθῆναι αὐτίκα μάλα παρακούσαντας τοῦ ἐπιτάγματος· ἢ οὐχ ἱκανὸς εἶναί σοι δοκεῖ ὁ Καύκασος καὶ ἄλλους χωρῆσαι δύο προσπατταλευθέντας; ἀλλʼ ὄρεγε τὴν δεξιάν· σὺ δέ, ὦ Ἥφαιστε, κατάκλειε καὶ προσήλου καὶ τὴν σφῦραν ἐρρωμένως κατάφερε. δὸς καὶ τὴν ἑτέραν· κατειλήφθω εὖ μάλα καὶ αὕτη. εὖ ἔχει. καταπτήσεται δὲ ἤδη καὶ ὁ ἀετὸς ἀποκερῶν τὸ ἧπαρ, ὡς πάντα ἔχοις ἀντὶ τῆς καλῆς καὶ εὐμηχάνου πλαστικῆς.
HERMES This, Hephaestus, is the Caucasus, to which it is our painful duty to nail our companion. We have now to select a suitable crag, free from snow, on which the chains will have a good hold, and the prisoner will hang in all publicity.
HEPHAESTUS True. It will not do to fix him too low down, or these men of his might come to their maker’s assistance; nor at the top, where he would be invisible from the earth. What do you say to a middle course? Let him hang over this precipice, with his arms stretched across from crag to crag.
HERMES The very thing. Steep rocks, slightly overhanging, inaccessible on every side; no foothold but a mere ledge, with scarcely room for the tips of one’s toes; altogether a sweet spot for a crucifixion. Now, Prometheus, come and be nailed up; there is no time to lose.
PROMETHEUS Nay, hear me; Hephaestus! Hermes! I suffer injustice: have compassion on my woes!
HERMES In other words, disobey orders, and promptly be gibbeted in your stead! Do you suppose there is not room on the Caucasus to peg out a couple of us? Come, your right hand! clamp it down, Hephaestus, and in with the nails; bring down the hammer with a will. Now the left; make sure work of that too.—So!—The eagle will shortly be here, to trim your liver; so ingenious an artist is entitled to every attention.
Προμηθεύς ὦ Κρόνε καὶ Ἰαπετὲ καὶ σὺ ὦ μῆτερ, οἷα πέπονθα ὁ κακοδαίμων οὐδὲν δεινὸν εἰργασμένος.
Ἑρμῆς οὐδέν, ὦ Προμηθεῦ, δεινὸν εἰργάσω, ὃς πρῶτα μὲν τὴν νομὴν τῶν κρεῶν ἐγχειρισθεὶς οὕτως ἄδικον ἐποιήσω καὶ ἀπατηλήν, ὡς σαυτῷ μὲν τὰ κάλλιστα ὑπεξελέσθαι, τὸν Δία δὲ παραλογίσασθαι ὀστᾶ καλύψας ἄργετι δημῷ; μέμνημαι γὰρ Ἡσιόδου νὴ Δίʼ οὕτως εἰπόντος· ἔπειτα δὲ τοὺς ἀνθρώπους ἀνέπλασας, πανουργότατα ζῷα, καὶ μάλιστά γε τὰς γυναῖκας· ἐπὶ πᾶσι δὲ τὸ τιμιώτατον κτῆμα τῶν θεῶν τὸ πῦρ κλέψας, καὶ τοῦτο ἔδωκας τοῖς ἀνθρώποις; τοσαῦτα δεινὰ εἰργασμένος φὴς μηδὲν ἀδικήσας δεδέσθαι;
Προμηθεύς ἔοικας, ὦ Ἑρμῆ, καὶ σὺ κατὰ τὸν ποιητὴν ἀναίτιον αἰτιάασθαι ὃς τὰ τοιαῦτά μοι προφέρεις, ἐφʼ οἷς ἔγωγε τῆς ἐν πρυτανείῳ σιτήσεως, εἰ τὰ δίκαια ἐγίγνετο, ἐτιμησάμην ἂν ἐμαυτῷ. εἰ γοῦν σχολή σοι, ἡδέως ἂν καὶ δικαιολογησαίμην ὑπὲρ τῶν ἐγκλημάτων, ὡς δείξαιμι ἄδικα ἐγνωκότα περὶ ἡμῶν τὸν Δία· σὺ δὲ — στωμύλος γὰρ εἶ καὶ δικανικός — ἀπολόγησαι ὑπὲρ αὐτοῦ ὡς δικαίαν τὴν ψῆφον ἔθετο, ἀνεσταυρῶσθαί με πλησίον τῶν Κασπίων τούτων πυλῶν ἐπὶ τοῦ Καυκάσου, οἴκτιστον θέαμα πᾶσι Σκύθαις.
Ἑρμῆς ἕωλον μέν, ὦ Προμηθεῦ, τὴν ἔφεσιν ἀγωνιῇ καὶ ἐς οὐδὲν δέον· ὅμως δʼ οὖν λέγε· καὶ γὰρ ἄλλως περιμένειν ἀναγκαῖον, ἔστʼ ἂν ὁ ἀετὸς καταπτῇ ἐπιμελησόμενός σου τοῦ ἥπατος. τὴν ἐν τῷ μέσῳ δὴ ταύτην σχολὴν καλῶς ἂν ἔχον εἴη εἰς ἀκρόασιν καταχρήσασθαι σοφιστικήν, οἷος εἶ σὺ πανουργότατος ἐν τοῖς λόγοις.
PROMETHEUS O Cronus, and Iapetus, and Mother Earth! Behold the sufferings of the innocent!
HERMES Why, as to innocence,—to begin with, there was that business of the sacrificial meats, your manner of distributing which was most unfair, most disingenuous: you got all the choice parts for yourself, and put Zeus off with bones ‘wrapped up in shining fat’; I remember the passage in Hesiod; those are his very words. Then you made these human beings; creatures of unparalleled wickedness, the women especially. And to crown all, you stole fire, the most precious possession of the Gods, and gave it to them. And with all this on your conscience, you protest that you have done nothing to deserve captivity.
PROMETHEUS Ah, Hermes; you are as bad as Hector; you ‘blame the blameless.’ For such crimes as these, I deserve a round pension, if justice were done. And by the way, I should like, if you can spare the time, to answer to these charges, and satisfy you of the injustice of my sentence. You can employ your practised eloquence on behalf of Zeus, and justify his conduct in nailing me up here at the Gates of the Caspian, for all Scythia to behold and pity.
HERMES There is nothing to be gained now by an appeal to another court; it is too late. Proceed, however. We have to wait in any case till the eagle comes to look after that liver of yours; and the time might be worse spent than in listening to the subtleties of such a master in impudence as yourself.
Προμηθεύς πρότερος οὖν, ὦ Ἑρμῆ, λέγε, καὶ ὅπως μου ὡς δεινότατα κατηγορήσῃς μηδὲ καθυφῇς τι τῶν δικαίων τοῦ πατρός. σὲ δέ, ὦ Ἥφαιστε, δικαστὴν ποιοῦμαι ἔγωγε.
Ἥφαιστος μὰ Δίʼ, ἀλλὰ κατήγορον ἀντὶ δικαστοῦ ἴσθι με ἕξων, ὃς τὸ πῦρ ὑφελόμενος ψυχράν μοι τὴν κάμινον ἀπολέλοιπας.
Προμηθεύς οὐκοῦν διελόμενοι τὴν κατηγορίαν, σὺ μὲν περὶ τῆς κλοπῆς ἤδη σύνειρε, ὁ Ἑρμῆς δὲ τὴν κρεανομίαν καὶ τὴν ἀνθρωποποιίαν αἰτιάσεται· ἄμφω δὲ τεχνῖται καὶ εἰπεῖν δεινοὶ ἐοίκατε εἶναι.
Ἥφαιστος ὁ Ἑρμῆς καὶ ὑπὲρ ἐμοῦ ἐρεῖ· ἐγὼ γὰρ οὐ πρὸς λόγοις τοῖς δικανικοῖς εἰμι, ἀλλʼ ἀμφὶ τὴν κάμινον ἔχω τὰ πολλά· ὁ δὲ ῥήτωρ τέ ἐστι καὶ τῶν τοιούτων οὐ παρέργως μεμέληκεν αὐτῷ.
Προμηθεύς ἐγὼ μὲν οὐκ ἄν ποτε ᾤμην καὶ περὶ τῆς κλοπῆς τὸν Ἑρμῆν ἐθελῆσαι ἂν εἰπεῖν οὐδὲ ὀνειδιεῖν μοι τὸ τοιοῦτον ὁμοτέχνῳ ὄντι. πλὴν ἀλλʼ εἰ καὶ τοῦτο, ὦ Μαίας παῖ, ὑφίστασαι, καιρὸς ἤδη περαίνειν τὴν κατηγορίαν.
Ἑρμῆς πάνυ γοῦν, ὦ Προμηθεῦ, μακρῶν δεῖ λόγων καὶ ἱκανῆς τινος παρασκευῆς ἐπὶ τὰ σοὶ πεπραγμένα, οὐχὶ δὲ ἀπόχρη μόνα τὰ κεφάλαια εἰπεῖν τῶν ἀδικημάτων, ὅτι ἐπιτραπέν σοι μοιρᾶσαι τὰ κρέα σαυτῷ μὲν τὰ κάλλιστα ἐφύλαττες, ἐξηπάτας δὲ τὸν βασιλέα, καὶ τοὺς ἀνθρώπους ἀνέπλασας, οὐδὲν δέον, καὶ τὸ πῦρ κλέψας παρʼ ἡμῶν ἐκόμισας ἐς αὐτούς· καί μοι δοκεῖς, ὦ βέλτιστε, μὴ συνιέναι ἐπὶ τοῖς τηλικούτοις πάνυ φιλανθρώπου τοῦ Διὸς πεπειραμένος. εἰ μὲν οὖν ἔξαρνος εἶ μὴ εἰργάσθαι αὐτά, δεήσει καὶ διελέγχειν καὶ ῥῆσίν τινα μακρὰν ἀποτείνειν καὶ πειρᾶσθαι ὡς ἔνι μάλιστα ἐμφανίζειν τὴν ἀλήθειαν· εἰ δὲ φὴς τοιαύτην πεποιῆσθαι τὴν νομὴν τῶν κρεῶν καὶ τὰ περὶ τοὺς ἀνθρώπους καινουργῆσαι καὶ τὸ πῦρ κεκλοφέναι, ἱκανῶς κατηγόρηταί μοι, καὶ μακρότερα οὐκ ἂν εἴποιμι· λῆρος γὰρ ἄλλως τὸ τοιοῦτον.
PROMETHEUS You begin then, Hermes. Exert all your powers of invective; leave no stone unturned to establish the righteousness of papa’s judgements.—You, Hephaestus, shall compose the jury.
HEPHAESTUS The jury! Not a bit of it; I am a party in this case. My furnace has been cold, ever since you stole that fire.
PROMETHEUS Well, at this rate you had better divide the prosecution between you. You conduct the case of larceny, and Hermes can handle the man-making, and the misappropriation of meat. I shall expect a great deal of you; you are both artists.
HEPHAESTUS Hermes shall speak for me. The law is not in my line; my forge takes up most of my time. But Hermes is an orator; he has made a study of these things.
PROMETHEUS Well! I should never have thought that Hermes would have the heart to reproach me with larceny; he ought to have a fellow-feeling for me there. However, with this further responsibility on your shoulders, there is no time to be lost, son of Maia; out with your accusation, and have done with it.
HERMES To deal adequately with your crimes, Prometheus, would require many words and much preparation. It is not enough to mention the several counts of the accusation; how, entrusted with the distribution of meats, you defrauded the crown by retaining the choicer portions for your own use; how you created the race of men, with absolutely no justification for so doing; how you stole fire and conveyed it to these same men. You seem not to realize, my friend, that, all-things considered, Zeus has dealt very handsomely by you. Now, if you deny the charges, I shall be compelled to establish your guilt at some length, and to set the facts in the clearest possible light. But if you admit the distribution of meat in the manner described, the introduction of men, and the theft of fire,—then my case is complete, and there is no more to be said. To expatiate further would be to talk nonsense.
Προμηθεύς εἰ μὲν καὶ ταῦτα λῆρός ἐστιν ἃ εἴρηκας, εἰσόμεθα μικρὸν ὕστερον· ἐγὼ δέ, ἐπείπερ ἱκανὰ φὴς εἶναι τὰ κατηγορημένα, πειράσομαι ὡς ἂν οἷός τε ὦ διαλύσασθαι τὰ ἐγκλήματα. καὶ πρῶτόν γε ἄκουσον τὰ περὶ τῶν κρεῶν. καίτοι, νὴ τὸν Οὐρανόν, καὶ νῦν λέγων αὐτὰ αἰσχύνομαι ὑπὲρ τοῦ Διός, εἰ οὕτω μικρολόγος καὶ μεμψίμοιρός ἐστιν, ὡς διότι μικρὸν ὀστοῦν ἐν τῇ μερίδι εὗρε, ἀνασκολοπισθησόμενον πέμπειν παλαιὸν οὕτω θεόν, μήτε τῆς συμμαχίας μνημονεύσαντα μήτε αὖ τὸ τῆς ὀργῆς κεφάλαιον ἡλίκον ἐστὶν ἐννοήσαντα καὶ ὡς μειρακίου τὸ τοιοῦτον, ὀργίζεσθαι καὶ ἀγανακτεῖν εἰ μὴ τὸ μεῖζον αὐτὸς λήψεται.
Προμηθεύς καίτοι τάς γε ἀπάτας, ὦ Ἑρμῆ, τὰς τοιαύτας συμποτικὰς οὔσας οὐ χρή, οἶμαι, ἀπομνημονεύειν, ἀλλʼ εἰ καί τι ἡμάρτηται μεταξὺ εὐωχουμένων, παιδιὰν ἡγεῖσθαι καὶ αὐτοῦ ἐν τῷ συμποσίῳ καταλιπεῖν τὴν ὀργήν· ἐς δὲ τὴν αὔριον ταμιεύεσθαι τὸ μῖσος καὶ μνησικακεῖν καὶ ἕωλόν τινα μῆνιν διαφυλάττειν, ἄπαγε, οὔτε θεοῖς πρέπον οὔτε ἄλλως βασιλικόν· ἢν γοῦν ἀφέλῃ τις τῶν συμποσίων τὰς κομψείας ταύτας, ἀπάτην καὶ σκώμματα καὶ τὸ διασιλλαίνειν καὶ ἐπιγελᾶν, τὸ καταλειπόμενόν ἐστι μέθη καὶ κόρος καὶ σιωπή, σκυθρωπὰ καὶ ἀτερπῆ πράγματα καὶ ἥκιστα συμποσίῳ πρέποντα. ὥστε ἔγωγε οὐδὲ μνημονεύσειν εἰς τὴν ὑστεραίαν ἔτι ᾤμην τούτων τὸν Δία, οὐχ ὅπως τηλικαῦτα ἐπʼ αὐτοῖς ἀγανακτήσειν καὶ πάνδεινα ἡγήσεσθαι πεπονθέναι, εἰ διανέμων τις κρέα παιδιάν τινα ἔπαιζε πειρώμενος εἰ διαγνώσεται τὸ βέλτιον ὁ αἱρούμενος.
Προμηθεύς τίθει δʼ ὅμως, ὦ Ἑρμῆ, τὸ χαλεπώτερον, μὴ τὴν ἐλάττω μοῖραν ἀπονενεμηκέναι τῷ Διί, τὴν δʼ ὅλην ὑφῃρῆσθαι· τί οὖν; διὰ τοῦτο ἐχρῆν, τὸ τοῦ λόγου, τῇ γῇ τὸν οὐρανὸν ἀναμεμῖχθαι καὶ δεσμὰ καὶ σταυροὺς καὶ Καύκασον ὅλον ἐπινοεῖν καὶ ἀετοὺς καταπέμπειν καὶ τὸ ἧπαρ ἐκκολάπτειν; ὅρα γὰρ μὴ πολλήν τινα ταῦτα κατηγορῇ τοῦ ἀγανακτοῦντος αὐτοῦ μικροψυχίαν καὶ ἀγένειαν τῆς γνώμης καὶ πρὸς ὀργὴν εὐχέρειαν. ἢ τί γὰρ ἂν ἐποίησεν οὗτος ὅλον βοῦν ἀπολέσας, εἰ κρεῶν ὀλίγων ἕνεκα τηλικαῦτα ἐργάζεται;
Προμηθεύς καίτοι πόσῳ οἱ ἄνθρωποι εὐγνωμονέστερον διάκεινται πρὸς τὰ τοιαῦτα, οὓς εἰκὸς ἦν καὶ τὰ ἐς τὴν ὀργὴν ὀξυτέρους εἶναι τῶν θεῶν; ἀλλʼ ὅμως ἐκείνων οὐκ ἔστιν ὅστις τῷ μαγείρῳ σταυροῦ ἂν τιμήσαιτο, εἰ τὰ κρέα ἕψων καθεὶς τὸν δάκτυλον τοῦ ζωμοῦ τι περιελιχμήσατο ἢ ὀπτωμένων ἀποσπάσας τι κατεβρόχθισεν, ἀλλὰ συγγνώμην ἀπονέμουσιν αὐτοῖς· εἰ δὲ καὶ πάνυ ὀργισθεῖεν, ἢ κονδύλους ἐνέτριψαν ἢ κατὰ κόρρης ἐπάταξαν, ἀνεσκολοπίσθη δὲ οὐδεὶς παρʼ αὐτοῖς τῶν τηλικούτων ἕνεκα.
καὶ περὶ μὲν τῶν κρεῶν τοσαῦτα, αἰσχρὰ μὲν κἀμοὶ ἀπολογεῖσθαι, πολὺ δὲ αἰσχίω κατηγορεῖν ἐκείνῳ.
Προμηθεύς περὶ δὲ τῆς πλαστικῆς καὶ ὅτι τοὺς ἀνθρώπους ἐποίησα, καιρὸς ἤδη λέγειν. τοῦτο δέ, ὦ Ἑρμῆ, διττὴν ἔχον τὴν κατηγορίαν, οὐκ οἶδα καθʼ ὁπότερον αἰτιᾶσθέ μου, πότερα ὡς οὐδὲ ὅλως ἐχρῆν τοὺς ἀνθρώπους γεγονέναι, ἀλλʼ ἄμεινον ἦν ἀτρεμεῖν αὐτοὺς γῆν ἄλλως ὄντας, ἢ ὡς πεπλάσθαι μὲν ἐχρῆν, ἄλλον δέ τινα καὶ μὴ τοῦτον διεσχηματίσθαι τὸν τρόπον; ἐγὼ δὲ ὅμως ὑπὲρ ἀμφοῖν ἐρῶ· καὶ πρῶτόν γε, ὡς οὐδεμία τοῖς θεοῖς ἀπὸ τούτου βλάβη γεγένηται, τῶν ἀνθρώπων ἐς τὸν βίον παραχθέντων, πειράσομαι δεικνύειν· ἔπειτα δέ, ὡς καὶ συμφέροντα καὶ ἀμείνω ταῦτα αὐτοῖς παρὰ πολὺ ἢ εἰ ἐρήμην καὶ ἀπάνθρωπον συνέβαινε τὴν γῆν μένειν.
PROMETHEUS Perhaps there has been some nonsense talked already; that remains to be seen. But as you say your case is now complete, I will see what I can do in the way of refutation. And first about that meat. Though, upon my word, I blush for Zeus when I name it: to think that he should be so touchy about trifles, as to send off a God of my quality to crucifixion, just because he found a little bit of bone in his share! Does he forget the services I have rendered him? And does he think what it is that he is so angry about, and how childish it is to show temper about a little thing like that? What if he did miss getting the better share? Why, Hermes, these tricks that are played over the wine-cups are not worth thinking twice about. A joke, perhaps, is carried a little too far, in the warmth of the feast; still, it is a joke, and resentment should be left behind in the dregs of the bowl. I have no patience with your long memories; this nursing of grievances, this raking up of last night’s squabbles, is unworthy of a king, let alone a king of Gods. Once take away from our feasts the little elegancies of quip and crank and wile, and what is left? Muzziness; repletion; silence;—cheerful accompaniments these to the wine-bowl! For my part, I never supposed that Zeus would give the matter a thought the next morning; much less that he would make such a stir about it, and think himself so mightily injured; my little manoeuvre with the meat was merely a playful experiment, to see which he would choose. It might have been worse. Instead of giving him the inferior half, I might have defrauded him of the whole. And what if I had? Would that have been a case for putting heaven and earth in commotion, for deep designs of chain and cross and Caucasus, dispatchings of eagles, rendings of livers? These things tell a sad tale, do they not, of the puny soul, the little mind, the touchy temper of the aggrieved party? How would he take the loss of a whole ox, who storms to such purpose over a few pounds of meat? How much more reasonable is the conduct of mortals, though one would have expected them to be more irritable than Gods! A mortal would never want his cook crucified for dipping a finger into the stew-pan, or filching a mouthful from the roast; they overlook these things. At the worst their resentment is satisfied with a box on the ears or a rap on the head. I find no precedent among them for crucifixion in such cases. So much for the affair of the meat; there is little credit to be got in the refutation of such a charge, and still less in the bringing of it.
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