τῶν δʼ ἄλλων τῆς Λατίνης πόλεων τὰς μὲν ἑτέροις γνωρίσμασι τὰς δὲ ὁδοῖς ἀφορίσαιτʼ ἄν τις ταῖς γνωριμωτάταις, ὅσαι διὰ τῆς Λατίνης ἔστρωνται· ἢ γὰρ ἐπὶ ταύταις ἢ παρὰ ταύταις ἢ μεταξὺ ἵδρυνται. γνωριμώταται δὲ τῶν ὁδῶν ἥ τε Ἀππία καὶ ἡ Λατίνη καὶ ἡ Ὀυαλερία, ἡ μὲν τὰ πρὸς θάλατταν ἀφορίζουσα μέρη τῆς Λατίνης μέχρι Σινοέσσης, ἡ δὲ τὰ πρὸς τῇ Σαβίνῃ μέχρι Μαρσῶν, μέση δʼ αὐτῶν ἡ Λατίνη ἡ συμπίπτουσα τῇ Ἀππίᾳ κατὰ Κασιλῖνον, πόλιν διέχουσαν Καπύης ἐννεακαίδεκα σταδίους. ἄρχεται δὲ ἀπὸ τῆς Ἀππίας, ἐν ἀριστερᾷ ἀπʼ αὐτῆς ἐκτρεπομένη πλησίον Ῥώμης, εἶτα διὰ τοῦ Τουσκλανοῦ ὄρους ὑπερβᾶσα μεταξὺ Τούσκλου πόλεως καὶ τοῦ Ἀλβανοῦ ὄρους κάτεισιν ἐπὶ Ἄλγιδον πολίχνιον καὶ Πικτὰς πανδοχεῖα. εἶτα συμπίπτει καὶ ἡ Λαβικανή, ἀρχομένη μὲν ἀπὸ τῆς Ἠσκυλίνης πύλης ἀφʼ ἧς καὶ ἡ Πραινεστίνη, ἐν ἀριστερᾷ δʼ ἀφεῖσα καὶ ταύτην καὶ τὸ πεδίον τὸ Ἠσκυλῖνον πρόεισιν ἐπὶ πλείους τῶν ἑκατὸν καὶ εἴκοσι σταδίων, καὶ πλησιάσασα τῷ Λαβικῷ παλαιῷ κτίσματι κατεσπασμένῳ, κειμένῳ δʼ ἐφʼ ὕψους, τοῦτο μὲν καὶ τὸ Τούσκουλον ἐν δεξιοῖς ἀπολείπει, τελευτᾷ δὲ πρὸς τὰς Πικτὰς καὶ τὴν Λατίνην· διέχει δὲ τῆς Ῥώμης τὸ χωρίον τοῦτο διακοσίους καὶ δέκα σταδίους. εἶθʼ ἑξῆς μὲν ἐπʼ αὐτῆς τῆς Λατίνης εἰσὶν ἐπίσημοι κατοικίαι καὶ πόλεις Φερεντῖνον, Φρουσινών, παρʼ ἣν ὁ Κόσας ῥεῖ ποταμός, Φαβρατερία, παρʼ ἣν ὁ Τρῆρος ῥεῖ, Ἀκουῖνον μεγάλη πόλις, παρʼ ἣν ὁ Μέλπις ῥεῖ ποταμὸς μέγας, Ἰντεράμνιον ἐν συμβολῇ δυεῖν ποταμῶν κείμενον Λείριός τε καὶ ἑτέρου, Κασῖνον καὶ αὕτη πόλις ἀξιόλογος, ὑστάτη τῶν Λατίνων· τὸ γὰρ Τέανον τὸ καλούμενον Σιδικῖνον ἐφεξῆς κείμενον ἐκ τοῦ ἐπιθέτου δηλοῦται διότι τῶν Σιδικίνων ἐστίν. οὗτοι δὲ Ὄσκοι, Καμπανῶν ἔθνος ἐκλελοιπός, ὥστε λέγοιτʼ ἂν τῆς Καμπανίας καὶ αὕτη, μεγίστη οὖσα τῶν ἐπὶ τῇ Λατίνῃ πόλεων. καὶ ἡ ἐφεξῆς ἡ τῶν Καληνῶν καὶ αὕτη ἀξιόλογος, συνάπτουσα τῷ Κασιλίνῳ.
Of the other cities of Latium, some are distinguished by a variety of remarkable objects, others by the celebrated roads which intersect Latium, being situated either upon, or near to, or between these roads, the most celebrated of which are the Via Appia, the Via Latina, and the Via Valeria. The former of these bounds the maritime portion of Latium, as far as Sinuessa, the latter extends along Sabina as far as the Marsi, whilst between these is the Via Latina, which falls in with the Via Appia near to Casilinum, a city distant from Capua 19 stadia. The Via Latina commences from the Via Appia, branching from it towards the left, near to Rome. It passes over the Tusculan mountain, between the city of Tusculum and Mount Albanus; it then descends to the little city of Algidum, and the Pictae tavern; afterwards the Via Lavicana joins it, which commences, like the Via Praenestina, from the Esquiline gate. This road, as well as the Esquiline plain, the Via Lavicana leaves on the left; it then proceeds a distance of 120 stadia, or more, when it approaches Lavicum, an ancient city now in ruins, situated on an eminence; this and Tusculum it leaves on the right, and terminates near to Pictae in the Via Latina. This place is 210 stadia distant from Rome. Proceeding thence along the Via Latina there are noble residences, and the cities Ferentinum, Frusino, by which the river Cosa flows, Fabrateria, by which flows the river Sacco, Aquinum, a large city, by which flows the great river Melfa, Interamnium, situated at the confluence of two rivers, the Garigliano and another, Casinum, also an important city, and the last of those belonging to Latium. For Teanum, called Sidicinum, which lies next in order, shows by its name that it belongs to the nation of the Sidicini. These people are Osci, a surviving nation of the Campani, so that this city, which is the largest of those situated upon the Via Latina, may be said to be Campanian; as well as that of Cales, another considerable city which lies beyond, and is contiguous to Casilinum.
Ἐφʼ ἑκάτερα δὲ τῆς Λατίνης ἐν δεξιᾷ μέν εἰσιν αἱ μεταξὺ αὐτῆς καὶ τῆς Ἀππίας Σητία τε καὶ Σιγνία, φέρουσαι οἶνον ἡ μὲν τῶν πολυτελῶν ἕνα ἡ δὲ τὸν σταλτικώτατον κοιλίας τὸν Σιγνῖνον λεγόμενον. πρὸς δὲ ταύταις ἐστὶ Πρίβερνον καὶ Κόρα καὶ Σύεσσα * Τραπόντιόν τε καὶ Ὀυελίτραι καὶ Ἀλέτριον· ἔτι δὲ Φρεγέλλαι, παρʼ ἣν ὁ Λεῖρις ῥεῖ ὁ εἰς τὰς Μιντούρνας ἐκδιδούς, νῦν μὲν κώμη, πόλις δέ ποτε γεγονυῖα ἀξιόλογος καὶ τὰς πολλὰς τῶν ἄρτι λεχθεισῶν περιοικίδας πρότερον ἐσχηκυῖα, αἳ νῦν εἰς αὐτὴν συνέρχονται ἀγοράς τε ποιούμεναι καὶ ἱεροποιίας τινάς· κατεσκάφη δʼ ὑπὸ Ῥωμαίων ἀποστᾶσα. πλεῖσται δʼ εἰσὶ καὶ τούτων καὶ τῶν ἐν τῇ Λατίνῃ καὶ τῶν ἐπέκεινα ἐν τῇ Ἑρνίκων τε καὶ Αἴκων καὶ Ὀυόλσκων ἱδρυμέναι, Ῥωμαίων δʼ εἰσὶ κτίσματα. ἐν ἀριστερᾷ δὲ τῆς Λατίνης αἱ μεταξὺ αὐτῆς καὶ τῆς Ὀυαλερίας, Γάβιοι μὲν ἐν τῇ Πραινεστίνῃ ὁ δῷ κειμένη, λατόμιον ἔχουσα ὑπουργὸν τῇ Ῥώμῃ μάλιστα τῶν ἄλλων, διέχουσα τὸ ἴσον τῆς Ῥώμης τε καὶ Πραινεστοῦ, περὶ ἑκατὸν σταδίους· εἶθʼ ἡ Πραινεστός, περὶ ἧς αὐτίκα ἐροῦμεν· εἶθʼ αἱ ἐν τοῖς ὄρεσι τοῖς ὑπὲρ Πραινεστόν, ἥ τε τῶν Ἑρνίκων πολίχνη Καπίτουλον καὶ Ἀναγνία πόλις ἀξιόλογος, καὶ Κερεᾶτε καὶ Σῶρα, παρʼ ἣν ὁ Λεῖρις παρεξιὼν εἰς Φρεγέλλας ῥεῖ καὶ Μιντούρνας. ἔπειτα ἄλλα τινὰ καὶ Ὀυέναφρον, ὅθεν τὸ κάλλιστον ἔλαιον· ἡ μὲν οὖν πόλις ἐφʼ ὕψους κεῖται, παραρρεῖ δὲ τὴν τοῦ λόφου ῥίζαν ὁ Ὀυουλτοῦρνος, ὃς καὶ παρὰ τὸ Κασιλῖνον ἐνεχθεὶς ἐκδίδωσι κατὰ τὴν ὁμώνυμον αὐτῷ πόλιν. Αἰσερνία δὲ καὶ Ἀλλιφαὶ ἤδη Σαυνιτικαὶ πόλεις εἰσίν, ἡ μὲν ἀνῃρημένη κατὰ τὸν Μαρσικὸν πόλεμον ἡ δʼ ἔτι συμμένουσα.
As to the places situated on either side of the Via Latina, those on the right are between it and the Via Appia; of their number are Setia and Signia, which produce wine, that of Setia being one of the dearest wines, and that called Signium the best for strengthening the stomach. Before this are Privernum, Cora, Suessa, ‘ Trapontium, Velitrae, Aletrium, and also Fregellae, by which the Garigliano flows, which discharges itself [into the sea] near Minturnae. Fregellae, though now a village, was formerly a considerable city, and the chief of the surrounding places we have just named. Even now their inhabitants throng to it on market days, and for the performance of certain religious solemnities. Its defection from the Romans was the cause of its ruin. Both these, and also the cities lying on the Via Latina and beyond, situated in the territories of the Hernici, Aequi, and Volsci, were for the most part founded by the Romans. To the left of the Via Latina, the cities between it and the Via Valeria, are, Gabii, standing in the Via Preenestina, it possesses a stone-quarry, in greater demand at Rome than any other, and is at an equal distance of about 100 stadia between Rome and Praeneste. Then Praeneste, of which we shall have occasion presently to speak. Then, in the mountains above Praeneste, Capitulum, a small city of the Hernici, and Anagnia, a considerable city; Cereate, and Sora, by which the river Garigliano flows as it passes on to Fregellae, and Minturnoe. After these there are other places, and finally, Venafrum, from whence comes the finest oil. This city is situated on a high hill by the foot of which flows the Volturno, which passing by Casilinum, discharges itself [into the sea] at a city bearing the same name as itself. Aesernia and Alliphae, cities of the Samnites, the former was destroyed in the Marsian war, the other still remains.
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