μετὰ δὲ τὴν Ῥοδίων περαίαν ἧς ὅριον τὰ Δαίδαλα ἐφεξῆς πλέουσι πρὸς ἀνίσχοντα ἥλιον ἡ Λυκία κεῖται μέχρι Παμφυλίας, εἶθʼ ἡ Παμφυλία μέχρι Κιλίκων τῶν τραχέων, εἶθʼ ἡ τούτων μέχρι τῶν ἄλλων Κιλίκων τῶν περὶ τὸν Ἰσσικὸν κόλπον· ταῦτα δʼ ἐστὶ μέρη μὲν τῆς χερρονήσου, ἧς τὸν ἰσθμὸν ἔφαμεν τὴν ἀπὸ Ἰσσοῦ ὁδὸν μέχρι Ἀμισοῦ ἢ Σινώπης, ὥς τινες, ἐκτὸς δὲ τοῦ Ταύρου ἐν στενῇ παραλίᾳ τῇ ἀπὸ Λυκίας μέχρι τῶν περὶ Σόλους τόπων, τὴν νῦν Πομπηιόπολιν· ἔπειτα ἤδη εἰς πεδία ἀναπέπταται ἡ κατὰ τὸν Ἰσσικὸν κόλπον παραλία ἀπὸ Σόλων καὶ Ταρσοῦ ἀρξαμένη. ταύτην οὖν ἐπελθοῦσιν ὁ πᾶς περὶ τῆς χερρονήσου λόγος ἔσται περιωδευμένος· εἶτα μεταβησόμεθα ἐπὶ τὰ ἄλλα μέρη τῆς Ἀσίας τὰ ἐκτὸς τοῦ Ταύρου. τελευταῖα δʼ ἐκθήσομεν τὰ περὶ τὴν Λιβύην.
AFTER the part of the coast opposite to Rhodes, the boundary of which is Daedala, in sailing thence towards the east, we come to Lycia, which extends to Pamphylia; next is Pamphylia, extending as far as Cilicia Tracheia, which reaches as far as the Cilicians, situated about the Bay of Issus. These are parts of the peninsula, the isthmus of which we said was the road from Issus as far as Amisus, or, according to some authors, to Sinope. The country beyond the Taurus consists of the narrow line of sea-coast extending from Lycia to the places about Soli, the present Pompeiopolis. Then the sea-coast near the Bay of Issus, beginning from Soli and Tarsus, spreads out into plains.
The description of this coast will complete the account of the whole peninsula. We shall then pass to the rest of Asia without the Taurus, and lastly we shall describe Africa.
μετὰ τοίνυν Δαίδαλα τὰ τῶν Ῥοδίων ὄρος ἐστὶ τῆς Λυκίας ὁμώνυμον αὐτοῖς Δαίδαλα, ἀφʼ οὗ λαμβάνει τὴν ἀρχὴν ὁ παράπλους ἅπας ὁ Λυκιακός, σταδίων μὲν ὢν χιλίων ἑπτακοσίων εἴκοσι, τραχὺς δὲ καὶ χαλεπός, ἀλλʼ εὐλίμενος σφόδρα καὶ ὑπὸ ἀνθρώπων συνοικούμενος σωφρόνων· ἐπεὶ ἥ γε τῆς χώρας φύσις παραπλησία καὶ τοῖς Παμφύλοις ἐστὶ καὶ τοῖς Τραχειώταις Κίλιξιν· ἀλλʼ ἐκεῖνοι μὲν ὁρμητηρίοις ἐχρήσαντο τοῖς τόποις πρὸς τὰ λῃστήρια, αὐτοὶ πειρατεύοντες ἢ τοῖς πειραταῖς λαφυροπώλια καὶ ναύσταθμα παρέχοντες· ἐν Σίδῃ γοῦν πόλει τῆς Παμφυλίας τὰ ναυπήγια συνίστατο τοῖς Κίλιξιν, ὑπὸ κήρυκά τε ἐπώλουν ἐκεῖ τοὺς ἁλόντας ἐλευθέρους ὁμολογοῦντες· Λύκιοι δʼ οὕτω πολιτικῶς καὶ σωφρόνως ζῶντες διετέλεσαν ὥστʼ ἐκείνων διὰ τὰς εὐτυχίας θαλαττοκρατησάντων μέχρι τῆς Ἰταλίας ὅμως ὑπʼ οὐδενὸς ἐξήρθησαν αἰσχροῦ κέρδους, ἀλλʼ ἔμειναν ἐν τῇ πατρίῳ διοικήσει τοῦ Λυκιακοῦ συστήματος.
After Dedala of the Rhodians there is a mountain of Lycia, of the same name, Dedala, and here the whole Lycian coast begins, and extends 1720 stadia. This maritime tract is rugged, and difficult to be approached, but has very good harbours, and is inhabited by a people who are not inclined to acts of violence. The country is similar in nature to that of Pamphylia and Cilicia Tracheia. But the former used the places of shelter for vessels for piratical purposes themselves, or afforded to pirates a market for their plunder and stations for their vessels.
At Side, a city of Pamphylia, the Cilicians had places for building ships. They sold their prisoners, whom they admitted were freemen, by notice through the public crier.
But the Lycians continued to live as good citizens, and with so much restraint upon themselves, that although the Pamphylians had succeeded in obtaining the sovereignty of the sea as far as Italy, yet they were never influenced by the desire of base gain, and persevered in administering the affairs of the state according to the laws of the Lycian body.
εἰσὶ δὲ τρεῖς καὶ εἴκοσι πόλεις αἱ τῆς ψήφου μετέχουσαι· συνέρχονται δὲ ἐξ ἑκάστης πόλεως εἰς κοινὸν συνέδριον, ἣν ἂν δοκιμάσωσι πόλιν ἑλόμενοι· τῶν δὲ πόλεων αἱ μέγισται μὲν τριῶν ψήφων ἐστὶν ἑκάστη κυρία, αἱ δὲ μέσαι δυεῖν, αἱ δʼ ἄλλαι μιᾶς· ἀνὰ λόγον δὲ καὶ τὰς εἰσφορὰς εἰσφέρουσι καὶ τὰς ἄλλας λειτουργίας. ἓξ δὲ τὰς μεγίστας ἔφη ὁ Ἀρτεμίδωρος, Ξάνθον Πάταρα Πίναρα Ὄλυμπον Μύρα Τλῶν κατὰ τὴν θεσιν τὴν εἰς Κιβύραν κειμένην. ἐν δὲ τῷ συνεδρίῳ πρῶτον μὲν Λυκιάρχης αἱρεῖται, εἶτʼ ἄλλαι ἀρχαὶ αἱ τοῦ συστήματος· δικαστήριά τε ἀποδείκνυται κοινῇ· καὶ περὶ πολέμου δὲ καὶ εἰρήνης καὶ συμμαχίας ἐβουλεύοντο πρότερον, νῦν δʼ οὐκ εἰκός, ἀλλʼ ἐπὶ τοῖς Ῥωμαίοις ταῦτʼ ἀνάγκη κεῖσθαι, πλὴν εἰ ἐκείνων ἐπιτρεψάντων, ἢ ὑπὲρ αὐτῶν εἴη χρήσιμον· ὁμοίως δὲ καὶ δικασταὶ καὶ ἄρχοντες ἀνὰ λόγον ταῖς ψήφοις ἐξ ἑκάστης προχειρίζονται πόλεως. οὕτω δʼ εὐνομουμένοις αὐτοῖς συνέβη παρὰ Ῥωμαίοις ἐλευθέροις διατελέσαι τὰ πάτρια νέμουσι, τοὺς δὲ λῃστὰς ἐπιδεῖν ἄρδην ἠφανισμένους, πρότερον μὲν ὑπὸ Σερουιλίου τοῦ Ἰσαυρικοῦ, καθʼ ὃν χρόνον καὶ τὰ Ἴσαυρα ἐκεῖνος καθεῖλεν, ὕστερον δὲ Πομπηίου τοῦ Μάγνου, πλείω τῶν χιλίων καὶ τριακοσίων σκαφῶν ἐμπρήσαντος τὰς δὲ κατοικίας ἐκκόψαντος, τῶν δὲ περιγενομένων ἀνθρώπων ἐν ταῖς μάχαις τοὺς μὲν καταγαγόντος εἰς Σόλους, ἣν ἐκεῖνος Πομπηιόπολιν ὠνόμασε, τοὺς δʼ εἰς Δύμην λιπανδρήσασαν, ἣν νυνὶ Ῥωμαίων ἀποικία νέμεται. οἱ ποιηταὶ δὲ μάλιστα οἱ τραγικοὶ συγχέοντες τὰ ἔθνη, καθάπερ τοὺς Τρῶας καὶ τοὺς Μυσοὺς καὶ τοὺς Λυδοὺς Φρύγας προσαγορεύουσιν, οὕτω καὶ τοὺς Λυκίους Κᾶρας.
There are three and twenty cities in this body, which have votes. They assemble from each city at a general congress, and select what city they please for their place of meeting. Each of the largest cities commands three votes, those of intermediate importance two, and the rest one vote. They contribute in the same proportion to taxes and other public charges. The six largest cities, according to Artemidorus, are Xanthus, Patara, Pinara, Olympus, Myra, Tlos, which is situated at the pass of the mountain leading to Cibyra.
At the congress a lyciarch is first elected, then the other officers of the body. Public tribunals are also appointed for the administration of justice. Formerly they deliberated about war and peace, and alliances, but this is not now permitted, as these things are under the control of the Romans. It is only done by their consent, or when it may be for their own advantage.
Thus judges and magistrates are elected according to the proportion of the number of votes belonging to each city. It was the fortune of these people, who lived under such an excellent government, to retain their liberty under the Romans, and the laws and institutions of their ancestors; to see also the entire extirpation of the pirates, first by Servilius Isauricus, at the time that he demolished Isaura, and afterwards by Pompey the Great, who burnt more than 1300 vessels, and destroyed their haunts and retreats. Of the survivors in these contests he transferred some to Soli, which he called Pompeiopolis; others to Dyme, which had a deficient population, and is now occupied by a Roman colony.
The poets, however, particularly the tragic poets, confound nations together; for instance, Trojans, Mysians, and Lydians, whom they call Phrygians, and give the name of Lycians to Carians.
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