Virgil · Aeneid Aeneis

Virgil, Aeneid 12.554–611: Aeneas attacks the city; the death of Amata

Aeneas decides to strike at the city itself and tells his men to attack it with ladders and fire. Panic spreads, and some citizens want to open the gates to the Trojans. Queen Amata thinks Turnus is dead and hangs herself, and Lavinia and Latinus mourn.

Lines 12.554–611 · 595 words · click a number to copy its link
554Hic mentem Aeneae genetrix pulcherrima misit, 555iret ut ad muros urbique adverteret agmen ocius et subita turbaret clade Latinos. Ille ut vestigans diversa per agmina Turnum huc atque huc acies circumtulit, aspicit urbem immunem tanti belli atque impune quietam. 560Continuo pugnae adcendit maioris imago: Mnesthea Sergestumque vocat fortemque Serestum ductores tumulumque capit, quo cetera Teucrum concurrit legio nec scuta aut spicula densi deponunt. Celso medius stans aggere fatur: 565Nequa meis esto dictis mora; Iuppiter hac stat, neu quis ob inceptum subitum mihi segnior ito. Urbem hodie, causam belli, regna ipsa Latini, ni frenum accipere et victi parere fatentur, eruam et aequa solo fumantia culmina ponam. 570Scilicet exspectem, libeat dum proelia Turno nostra pati rursusque velit concurrere victus? Hoc caput, O cives, haec belli summa nefandi: ferte faces propere foedusque reposcite flammis.

His goddess-mother in Aeneas' mind
now stirred the purpose to make sudden way
against the city-wall, in swift advance
of all his line, confounding Latium so
with slaughter and surprise. His roving glance,
seeking for Turnus through the scattered lines
this way and that, beholds in distant view
the city yet unscathed and calmly free
from the wide-raging fight. Then on his soul
rushed the swift vision of a mightier war.
Mnestheus, Sergestus, and Serestus brave,
his chosen chiefs, he summons to his side,
and stands upon a hillock, whither throng
the Teucrian legions, each man holding fast
his shield and spear. He, towering high,
thus from the rampart to his people calls:
“Perform my bidding swiftly: Jove's own hand
sustains our power. Be ye not slack, because
the thing I do is sudden. For this day
I will pluck out th' offending root of war,—
yon city where Latinus reigns. Unless
it bear our yoke and heed a conqueror's will,
will lay low in dust its blazing towers.
Must I wait Turnus' pleasure, till he deign
to meet my stroke, and have a mind once more,
though vanquished, to show fight? My countrymen,
see yonder stronghold of their impious war!
Bring flames; avenge the broken oath with fire!”

574Dixerat, atque animis pariter certantibus omnes 575dant cuneum densaque ad muros mole feruntur. Scalae improviso subitusque apparuit ignis. Discurrunt alii ad portas primosque trucidant, ferrum alii torquent et obumbrant aethera telis. Ipse inter primos dextram sub moenia tendit 580Aeneas magnaque incusat voce Latinum testaturque deos, iterum se ad proelia cogi, bis iam Italos hostis, haec altera foedera rumpi. Exoritur trepidos inter discordia civis: urbem alii reserare iubent et pandere portas 585Dardanidis ipsumque trahunt in moenia regem, arma ferunt alii et pergunt defendere muros. Inclusas ut cum latebroso in pumice pastor vestigavit apes fumoque implevit amaro: illae intus trepidae rerum per cerea castra 590discurrunt magnisque acuunt stridoribus iras; volvitur ater odor tectis, tum murmure caeco intus saxa sonant, vacuas it fumus ad auras.

Scarce had he said, when with consenting souls,
they speed them to the walls in dense array,
forming a wedge. Ladders now leap in air,
and sudden-blazing fires. In various war
some troops run charging at the city-gates,
and slay the guards; some fling the whirling spear
and darken heaven with arrows. In their van,
his right hand lifted to the wails and towers,
Aeneas, calling on the gods to hear,
loudly upbraids Latinus that once more
conflict is thrust upon him; that once more
Italians are his foes and violate
their second pledge of peace. So blazes forth
dissension 'twixt the frighted citizens:
some would give o'er the city and fling wide
its portals to the Trojan, or drag forth
the King himself to parley; others fly
to arms, and at the rampart make a stand.
'T is thus some shepherd from a caverned crag
stirs up the nested bees with plenteous fume
of bitter smoke; they, posting to and fro,
fly desperate round the waxen citadel,
and whet their buzzing fury; through their halls
the stench and blackness rolls; within the caves
noise and confusion ring; the fatal cloud
pours forth incessant on the vacant air.

593Accidit haec fessis etiam fortuna Latinis, quae totam luctu concussit funditus urbem. 595Regina ut tectis venientem prospicit hostem, incessi muros, ignis ad tecta volare, nusquam acies contra Rutulas, nulla agmina Turni: infelix pugnae iuvenem in certamine credit exstinctum et, subito mentem turbata dolore, 600se causam clamat crimenque caputque malorum, multaque per maestum demens effata furorem purpureos moritura manu discindit amictus et nodum informis leti trabe nectit ab alta. Quam cladem miserae postquam accepere Latinae, 605filia prima manu flavos Lavinia crinis et roseas laniata genas, tum cetera circum turba furit: resonant late plangoribus aedes. Hinc totam infelix volgatur fama per urbem. Demittunt mentes; it scissa veste Latinus, 610coniugis attonitus fatis urbisque ruina, canitiem immundo perfusam pulvere turpans.

But now a new adversity befell
the weary Latins, which with common woe
shook the whole city to its heart. The Queen,
when at her hearth she saw the close assault
of enemies, the walls beset, and fire
spreading from roof to roof, but no defence
from the Rutulian arms, nor front of war
with Turnus leading,—she, poor soul, believed
her youthful champion in the conflict slain;
and, mad with sudden sorrow, shrieked aloud
against herself, the guilty chief and cause
of all this ill; and, babbling her wild woe
in endless words, she rent her purple pall,
and with her own hand from the rafter swung
a noose for her foul death. The tidings dire
among the moaning wives of Latium spread,
and young Lavinia's frantic fingers tore
her rose-red cheek and hyacinthine hair.
Then all her company of women shrieked
in anguish, and the wailing echoed far
along the royal seat; from whence the tale
of sorrow through the peopled city flew;
hearts sank; Latinus rent his robes, appalled
to see his consort's doom, his falling throne;
and heaped foul dust upon his hoary hair.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Theodore C. Williams (1910). Original text: J. B. Greenough (ed.), The Bucolics, Aeneid, and Georgics of Virgil, Boston: Ginn and Company, 1881 (Latin text as digitised by Perseus); English: Theodore C. Williams, The Aeneid of Virgil, Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1910.

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.