Homer · Odyssey Ὀδύσσεια

Homer, Odyssey 13.1–121: Farewell to the Phaeacians; the voyage home

The Phaeacians sit spellbound until Alcinous promises that Odysseus shall be sent home and that the elders will add more gifts, a tripod and a cauldron each. Next day, after a sacrifice to Zeus and a feast, Odysseus prays that Arete and her family be happy and then goes aboard. He sleeps as the ship flies over the sea, faster than a falcon, and the Phaeacians lay him on the shore of Ithaca with his gifts before dawn.

Lines 13.1–121 · 1309 words · click a number to copy its link
1ὣς ἔφαθʼ, οἱ δʼ ἄρα πάντες ἀκὴν ἐγένοντο σιωπῇ, κηληθμῷ δʼ ἔσχοντο κατὰ μέγαρα σκιόεντα. τὸν δʼ αὖτʼ Ἀλκίνοος ἀπαμείβετο φώνησέν τε· ὦ Ὀδυσεῦ, ἐπεὶ ἵκευ ἐμὸν ποτὶ χαλκοβατὲς δῶ, 5ὑψερεφές, τῷ σʼ οὔ τι παλιμπλαγχθέντα γʼ ὀΐω ἂψ ἀπονοστήσειν, εἰ καὶ μάλα πολλὰ πέπονθας. ὑμέων δʼ ἀνδρὶ ἑκάστῳ ἐφιέμενος τάδε εἴρω, ὅσσοι ἐνὶ μεγάροισι γερούσιον αἴθοπα οἶνον αἰεὶ πίνετʼ ἐμοῖσιν, ἀκουάζεσθε δʼ ἀοιδοῦ. 10εἵματα μὲν δὴ ξείνῳ ἐϋξέστῃ ἐνὶ χηλῷ κεῖται καὶ χρυσὸς πολυδαίδαλος ἄλλα τε πάντα δῶρʼ, ὅσα Φαιήκων βουληφόροι ἐνθάδʼ ἔνεικαν· ἀλλʼ ἄγε οἱ δῶμεν τρίποδα μέγαν ἠδὲ λέβητα ἀνδρακάς· ἡμεῖς δʼ αὖτε ἀγειρόμενοι κατὰ δῆμον 15τισόμεθʼ· ἀργαλέον γὰρ ἕνα προικὸς χαρίσασθαι. ὣς ἔφατʼ Ἀλκίνοος, τοῖσιν δʼ ἐπιήνδανε μῦθος. οἱ μὲν κακκείοντες ἔβαν οἶκόνδε ἕκαστος, ἦμος δʼ ἠριγένεια φάνη ῥοδοδάκτυλος Ἠώς, νῆάδʼ ἐπεσσεύοντο, φέρον δʼ εὐήνορα χαλκόν.

So he spoke, and they were all hushed in silence, and were spellbound throughout the shadowy halls. And Alcinous again answered him, and said: “Odysseus, since thou hast come to my high-roofed house with floor of brass, thou shalt not, methinks, be driven back, and return with baffled purpose, even though thou hast suffered much. And to each man of you that in my halls are ever wont to drink the flaming wine of the elders, and to listen to the minstrel, I speak, and give this charge. Raiment for the stranger lies already stored in the polished chest, with gold curiously wrought and all the other gifts which the counsellors of the Phaeacians brought hither. But, come now, let us give him a great tripod and a cauldron, each man of us, and we in turn will gather the cost from among the people, and repay ourselves. It were hard for one man to give freely, without requital.” So spake Alcinous, and his word was pleasing to them. They then went, each man to his house, to take their rest; but as soon as early Dawn appeared, the rosy-fingered, they hastened to the ship and brought the bronze, that gives strength to men.

20καὶ τὰ μὲν εὖ κατέθηχʼ ἱερὸν μένος Ἀλκινόοιο, αὐτὸς ἰὼν διὰ νηὸς ὑπὸ ζυγά, μή τινʼ ἑταίρων βλάπτοι ἐλαυνόντων, ὁπότε σπερχοίατʼ ἐρετμοῖς. οἱ δʼ εἰς Ἀλκινόοιο κίον καὶ δαῖτʼ ἀλέγυνον. τοῖσι δὲ βοῦν ἱέρευσʼ ἱερὸν μένος Ἀλκινόοιο 25Ζηνὶ κελαινεφέϊ Κρονίδῃ, ὃς πᾶσιν ἀνάσσει. μῆρα δὲ κήαντες δαίνυντʼ ἐρικυδέα δαῖτα τερπόμενοι· μετὰ δέ σφιν ἐμέλπετο θεῖος ἀοιδός, Δημόδοκος, λαοῖσι τετιμένος. αὐτὰρ Ὀδυσσεὺς πολλὰ πρὸς ἠέλιον κεφαλὴν τρέπε παμφανόωντα, 30δῦναι ἐπειγόμενος· δὴ γὰρ μενέαινε νέεσθαι. ὡς δʼ ὅτʼ ἀνὴρ δόρποιο λιλαίεται, ᾧ τε πανῆμαρ νειὸν ἀνʼ ἕλκητον βόε οἴνοπε πηκτὸν ἄροτρον· ἀσπασίως δʼ ἄρα τῷ κατέδυ φάος ἠελίοιο δόρπον ἐποίχεσθαι, βλάβεται δέ τε γούνατʼ ἰόντι· 35ὣς Ὀδυσῆʼ ἀσπαστὸν ἔδυ φάος ἠελίοιο.

And the strong and mighty Alcinous went himself throughout the ship, and carefully stowed the gifts beneath the benches, that they might not hinder any of the crew at their rowing, when they busily plied the oars. Then they went to the house of Alcinous, and prepared a feast. And for them the strong and mighty Alcinous sacrificed a bull to Zeus, son of Cronos, god of the dark clouds, who is lord of all. Then, when they had burned the thigh-pieces, they feasted a glorious feast, and made merry, and among them the divine minstrel Demodocus, held in honor by the people, sang to the lyre. But Odysseus would ever turn his head toward the blazing sun, eager to see it set, for verily he was eager to return home. And as a man longs for supper, for whom all day long a yoke of wine-dark oxen has drawn the jointed plough through fallow land, and gladly for him does the light of the sun sink, that he may busy him with his supper, and his knees grow weary as he goes; even so gladly for Odysseus did the light of the sun sink.

36αἶψα δὲ Φαιήκεσσι φιληρέτμοισι μετηύδα, Ἀλκινόῳ δὲ μάλιστα πιφαυσκόμενος φάτο μῦθον· Ἀλκίνοε κρεῖον, πάντων ἀριδείκετε λαῶν, πέμπετέ με σπείσαντες ἀπήμονα, χαίρετε δʼ αὐτοί· 40ἤδη γὰρ τετέλεσται ἅ μοι φίλος ἤθελε θυμός, πομπὴ καὶ φίλα δῶρα, τά μοι θεοὶ Οὐρανίωνες ὄλβια ποιήσειαν· ἀμύμονα δʼ οἴκοι ἄκοιτιν νοστήσας εὕροιμι σὺν ἀρτεμέεσσι φίλοισιν. ὑμεῖς δʼ αὖθι μένοντες ἐϋφραίνοιτε γυναῖκας 45κουριδίας καὶ τέκνα· θεοὶ δʼ ἀρετὴν ὀπάσειαν παντοίην, καὶ μή τι κακὸν μεταδήμιον εἴη. ὣς ἔφαθʼ, οἱ δʼ ἄρα πάντες ἐπῄνεον ἠδʼ ἐκέλευον πεμπέμεναι τὸν ξεῖνον, ἐπεὶ κατὰ μοῖραν ἔειπεν. καὶ τότε κήρυκα προσέφη μένος Ἀλκινόοιο· 50Ποντόνοε, κρητῆρα κερασσάμενος μέθυ νεῖμον πᾶσιν ἀνὰ μέγαρον, ὄφρʼ εὐξάμενοι Διὶ πατρὶ τὸν ξεῖνον πέμπωμεν ἑὴν ἐς πατρίδα γαῖαν.

Straightway then he spoke among the Phaeacians, lovers of the oar, and to Alcinous above all he declared his word, and said: “Lord Alcinous, renowned above all men, pour libations now, and send ye me on my way in peace; and yourselves too—Farewell! For now all that my heart desired has been brought to pass: a convoy, and gifts of friendship. May the gods of heaven bless them to me, and on my return may I find in my home my peerless wife with those I love unscathed; and may you again, remaining here, make glad your wedded wives and children; and may the gods grant you prosperity of every sort, and may no evil come upon your people.” So he spoke, and they all praised his words, and bade send the stranger on his way, since he had spoken fittingly. Then the mighty Alcinous spoke to the herald, saying: “Pontonous, mix the bowl, and serve out wine to all in the hall, in order that, when we have made prayer to father Zeus, we may send forth the stranger to his own native land.”

53ὣς φάτο, Ποντόνοος δὲ μελίφρονα οἶνον ἐκίρνα, νώμησεν δʼ ἄρα πᾶσιν ἐπισταδόν· οἱ δὲ θεοῖσιν 55ἔσπεισαν μακάρεσσι, τοὶ οὐρανὸν εὐρὺν ἔχουσιν, αὐτόθεν ἐξ ἑδρέων. ἀνὰ δʼ ἵστατο δῖος Ὀδυσσεύς, Ἀρήτῃ δʼ ἐν χειρὶ τίθει δέπας ἀμφικύπελλον, καί μιν φωνήσας ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδα· χαῖρέ μοι, ὦ βασίλεια, διαμπερές, εἰς ὅ κε γῆρας 60ἔλθῃ καὶ θάνατος, τά τʼ ἐπʼ ἀνθρώποισι πέλονται. αὐτὰρ ἐγὼ νέομαι· σὺ δὲ τέρπεο τῷδʼ ἐνὶ οἴκῳ παισί τε καὶ λαοῖσι καὶ Ἀλκινόῳ βασιλῆϊ. ὣς εἰπὼν ὑπὲρ οὐδὸν ἐβήσετο δῖος Ὀδυσσεύς, τῷ δʼ ἅμα κήρυκα προΐει μένος Ἀλκινόοιο, 65ἡγεῖσθαι ἐπὶ νῆα θοὴν καὶ θῖνα θαλάσσης· Ἀρήτη δʼ ἄρα οἱ δμῳὰς ἅμʼ ἔπεμπε γυναῖκας, τὴν μὲν φᾶρος ἔχουσαν ἐϋπλυνὲς ἠδὲ χιτῶνα, τὴν δʼ ἑτέρην χηλὸν πυκινὴν ἅμʼ ὄπασσε κομίζειν· ἡ δʼ ἄλλη σῖτόν τʼ ἔφερεν καὶ οἶνον ἐρυθρόν.

So he spoke, and Pontonous mixed the honey hearted wine and served out to all, coming up to each in turn; and they poured libations to the blessed gods, who hold broad heaven, from where they sat. But goodly Odysseus arose, and placed in the hand of Arete the two-handled cup, and spoke, and addressed her with winged words: “Fare thee well, O queen, throughout all the years, till old age and death come, which are the lot of mortals. As for me, I go my way, but do thou in this house have joy of thy children and thy people and Alcinous the king.” So the goodly Odysseus spake and passed over the threshold. And with him the mighty Alcinous sent forth a herald to lead him to the swift ship and the shore of the sea. And Arete sent with him slave women, one bearing a newly washed cloak and a tunic, and another again she bade follow to bear the strong chest, and yet another bore bread and red wine.

70αὐτὰρ ἐπεί ῥʼ ἐπὶ νῆα κατήλυθον ἠδὲ θάλασσαν, αἶψα τά γʼ ἐν νηῒ γλαφυρῇ πομπῆες ἀγαυοὶ δεξάμενοι κατέθεντο, πόσιν καὶ βρῶσιν ἅπασαν· κὰδ δʼ ἄρʼ Ὀδυσσῆϊ στόρεσαν ῥῆγός τε λίνον τε νηὸς ἐπʼ ἰκριόφιν γλαφυρῆς, ἵνα νήγρετον εὕδοι, 75πρυμνῆς· ἂν δὲ καὶ αὐτὸς ἐβήσετο καὶ κατέλεκτο σιγῇ· τοὶ δὲ καθῖζον ἐπὶ κληῗσιν ἕκαστοι κόσμῳ, πεῖσμα δʼ ἔλυσαν ἀπὸ τρητοῖο λίθοιο. εὖθʼ οἱ ἀνακλινθέντες ἀνερρίπτουν ἅλα πηδῷ, καὶ τῷ νήδυμος ὕπνος ἐπὶ βλεφάροισιν ἔπιπτε, 80νήγρετος, ἥδιστος, θανάτῳ ἄγχιστα ἐοικώς. ἡ δʼ, ὥς τʼ ἐν πεδίῳ τετράοροι ἄρσενες ἵπποι, πάντες ἅμʼ ὁρμηθέντες ὑπὸ πληγῇσιν ἱμάσθλης, ὑψόσʼ ἀειρόμενοι ῥίμφα πρήσσουσι κέλευθον, ὣς ἄρα τῆς πρύμνη μὲν ἀείρετο, κῦμα δʼ ὄπισθε 85πορφύρεον μέγα θῦε πολυφλοίσβοιο θαλάσσης. ἡ δὲ μάλʼ ἀσφαλέως θέεν ἔμπεδον· οὐδέ κεν ἴρηξ κίρκος ὁμαρτήσειεν, ἐλαφρότατος πετεηνῶν.

But when they had come down to the ship and to the sea, straightway the lordly youths that were his escort took these things, and stowed them in the hollow ship, even all the food and drink. Then for Odysseus they spread a rug and a linen sheet on the deck of the hollow ship at the stern, that he might sleep soundly; and he too went aboard, and laid him down in silence. Then they sat down on the benches, each in order, and loosed the hawser from the pierced stone. And as soon as they leaned back, and tossed the brine with their oarblades, sweet sleep fell upon his eyelids, an unawakening sleep, most sweet, and most like to death. And as on a plain four yoked stallions spring forward all together beneath the strokes of the lash, and leaping on high swiftly accomplish their way, even so the stern of that ship leapt on high, and in her wake the dark wave of the loud-sounding sea foamed mightily, and she sped safely and surely on her way; not even the circling hawk, the swiftest of winged things, could have kept pace with her.

88ὣς ἡ ῥίμφα θέουσα θαλάσσης κύματʼ ἔταμνεν, ἄνδρα φέρουσα θεοῖς ἐναλίγκια μήδεʼ ἔχοντα· 90ὃς πρὶν μὲν μάλα πολλὰ πάθʼ ἄλγεα ὃν κατὰ θυμὸν ἀνδρῶν τε πτολέμους ἀλεγεινά τε κύματα πείρων, δὴ τότε γʼ ἀτρέμας εὗδε, λελασμένος ὅσσʼ ἐπεπόνθει. εὖτʼ ἀστὴρ ὑπερέσχε φαάντατος, ὅς τε μάλιστα ἔρχεται ἀγγέλλων φάος Ἠοῦς ἠριγενείης, 95τῆμος δὴ νήσῳ προσεπίλνατο ποντοπόρος νηῦς. Φόρκυνος δέ τίς ἐστι λιμήν, ἁλίοιο γέροντος, ἐν δήμῳ Ἰθάκης· δύο δὲ προβλῆτες ἐν αὐτῷ ἀκταὶ ἀπορρῶγες, λιμένος ποτιπεπτηυῖαι, αἵ τʼ ἀνέμων σκεπόωσι δυσαήων μέγα κῦμα 100ἔκτοθεν· ἔντοσθεν δέ τʼ ἄνευ δεσμοῖο μένουσι νῆες ἐΰσσελμοι, ὅτʼ ἂν ὅρμου μέτρον ἵκωνται. αὐτὰρ ἐπὶ κρατὸς λιμένος τανύφυλλος ἐλαίη, ἀγχόθι δʼ αὐτῆς ἄντρον ἐπήρατον ἠεροειδές, ἱρὸν νυμφάων αἳ νηϊάδες καλέονται. 105ἐν δὲ κρητῆρές τε καὶ ἀμφιφορῆες ἔασιν λάϊνοι· ἔνθα δʼ ἔπειτα τιθαιβώσσουσι μέλισσαι. ἐν δʼ ἱστοὶ λίθεοι περιμήκεες, ἔνθα τε νύμφαι φάρεʼ ὑφαίνουσιν ἁλιπόρφυρα, θαῦμα ἰδέσθαι· ἐν δʼ ὕδατʼ ἀενάοντα. δύω δέ τέ οἱ θύραι εἰσίν, 110αἱ μὲν πρὸς Βορέαο καταιβαταὶ ἀνθρώποισιν, αἱ δʼ αὖ πρὸς Νότου εἰσὶ θεώτεραι· οὐδέ τι κείνῃ ἄνδρες ἐσέρχονται, ἀλλʼ ἀθανάτων ὁδός ἐστιν. ἔνθʼ οἵ γʼ εἰσέλασαν, πρὶν εἰδότες· ἡ μὲν ἔπειτα ἠπείρῳ ἐπέκελσεν, ὅσον τʼ ἐπὶ ἥμισυ πάσης, 115σπερχομένη· τοῖον γὰρ ἐπείγετο χέρσʼ ἐρετάων· οἱ δʼ ἐκ νηὸς βάντες ἐϋζύγου ἤπειρόνδε πρῶτον Ὀδυσσῆα γλαφυρῆς ἐκ νηὸς ἄειραν αὐτῷ σύν τε λίνῳ καὶ ῥήγεϊ σιγαλόεντι, κὰδ δʼ ἄρʼ ἐπὶ ψαμάθῳ ἔθεσαν δεδμημένον ὕπνῳ, 120ἐκ δὲ κτήματʼ ἄειραν, ἅ οἱ Φαίηκες ἀγαυοὶ ὤπασαν οἴκαδʼ ἰόντι διὰ μεγάθυμον Ἀθήνην.

Thus she sped on swiftly and clove the waves of the sea, bearing a man the peer of the gods in counsel, one who in time past had suffered many griefs at heart in passing through wars of men and the grievous waves; but now he slept in peace, forgetful of all that he had suffered. Now when that brightest of stars rose which ever comes to herald the light of early Dawn, even then the seafaring ship drew near to the island. There is in the land of Ithaca a certain harbor of Phorcys, the old man of the sea, and at its mouth two projecting headlands sheer to seaward, but sloping down on the side toward the harbor. These keep back the great waves raised by heavy winds without, but within the benched ships lie unmoored when they have reached the point of anchorage. At the head of the harbor is a long-leafed olive tree, and near it a pleasant, shadowy cave sacred to the nymphs that are called Naiads. Therein are mixing bowls and jars of stone, and there too the bees store honey. And in the cave are long looms of stone, at which the nymphs weave webs of purple dye, a wonder to behold; and therein are also ever-flowing springs. Two doors there are to the cave, one toward the North Wind, by which men go down, but that toward the South Wind is sacred, nor do men enter thereby; it is the way of the immortals. Here they rowed in, knowing the place of old; and the ship ran full half her length on the shore in her swift course, at such pace was she driven by the arms of the rowers. Then they stepped forth from the benched ship upon the land, and first they lifted Odysseus out of the hollow ship, with the linen sheet and bright rug as they were, and laid him down on the sand, still overpowered by sleep. And they lifted out the goods which the lordly Phaeacians had given him, as he set out for home, through the favour of great-hearted Athena.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Augustus Taber Murray (1919). Original text: Augustus Taber Murray (ed.), Homer, The Odyssey, Loeb Classical Library, London: Heinemann; New York: Putnam, 1919, vols. 1-2 (Greek text, based on the Oxford Classical Text, and English translation, as digitised by Perseus).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.