Aristophanes · Ecclesiazusae Ἐκκλησιάζουσαι

Aristophanes, Ecclesiazusae 1–129: Prologue: the women gather before dawn

Praxagora, holding an oil-lamp in the dark, tells it the women's plan and waits for her friends, who arrive one by one in their husbands' cloaks and shoes. She asks whether they have let the hair grow under their arms and brought false beards, and reminds them that they must take their seats in the Assembly without being recognised. Praxagora argues that women who wear beards will pass for men, as Agyrrhius does, and the women begin to rehearse the speeches they will make.

Lines 1–129 · 1058 words · click a number to copy its link

PRAXAGORA

1Ὦ λαμπρὸν ὄμμα τοῦ τροχηλάτου λύχνου κάλλιστʼ ἐν εὐστόχοισιν ἐζητημένον· γονάς τε γὰρ σὰς καὶ τύχας δηλώσομεν· τροχῷ γὰρ ἐλαθεὶς κεραμικῆς ῥύμης ὕπο 5μυκτῆρσι λαμπρὰς ἡλίου τιμὰς ἔχεις· ὅρμα φλογὸς σημεῖα τὰ ξυγκείμενα. σοὶ γὰρ μόνῳ δηλοῦμεν εἰκότως, ἐπεὶ κἀν τοῖσι δωματίοισιν Ἀφροδίτης τρόπων πειρωμέναισι πλησίον παραστατεῖς, 10λορδουμένων τε σωμάτων ἐπιστάτην ὀφθαλμὸν οὐδεὶς τὸν σὸν ἐξείργει δόμων. μόνος δὲ μηρῶν εἰς ἀπορρήτους μυχοὺς λάμπεις ἀφεύων τὴν ἐπανθοῦσαν τρίχα· στοάς τε καρποῦ Βακχίου τε νάματος 15πλήρεις ὑποιγνύσαισι συμπαραστατεῖς· καὶ ταῦτα συνδρῶν οὐ λαλεῖς τοῖς πλησίον.

O glowing visage of the earthen lamp, On this conspicuous eminence well-hung,— (For through thy fates and lineage will we go, Thou, who, by whirling wheel of potter moulded, Dost with thy nozzle do the sun’s bright duty)— Awake the appointed signal of the flame! Thou only knowest it, and rightly thou, For thou alone, within our chambers standing, Watchest unblamed the mysteries of love. Thine eye, inspector of our amorous sports, Beholdeth all, and no one saith Begone! Thou comest, singeing, purifying all The dim recesses which none else may see; And when the garners, stored with corn and wine, By stealth we open, thou dost stand beside us. And though thou knowest all this, thou dost not peach.

Πραξάγορα 17ἀνθʼ ὧν συνείσει καὶ τὰ νῦν βουλεύματα ὅσα Σκίροις ἔδοξε ταῖς ἐμαῖς φίλαις. ἀλλʼ οὐδεμία πάρεστιν ἃς ἥκειν ἐχρῆν. 20καίτοι πρὸς ὄρθρον γʼ ἐστίν· ἡ δʼ ἐκκλησία αὐτίκα μάλʼ ἔσται· καταλαβεῖν δʼ ἡμᾶς ἕδρας, ἃς Φυρόμαχός ποτʼ εἶπεν, εἰ μέμνησθʼ ἔτι, δεῖ τὰς ἑτέρας πως κἀγκαθεζομένας λαθεῖν. τί δῆτʼ ἂν εἴη; πότερον οὐκ ἐρραμμένους 25ἔχουσι τοὺς πώγωνας, οὓς εἴρητʼ ἔχειν; ἢ θαἰμάτια τἀνδρεῖα κλεψάσαις λαθεῖν ἦν χαλεπὸν αὐταῖς; ἀλλʼ ὁρῶ τονδὶ λύχνον προσιόντα. φέρε νυν ἐπαναχωρήσω πάλιν, μὴ καί τις ὢν ἀνὴρ ὁ προσιὼν τυγχάνῃ. Γυνὴ Α 30ὥρα βαδίζειν, ὡς ὁ κῆρυξ ἀρτίως ἡμῶν προσιουσῶν δεύτερον κεκόκκυκεν. Πραξάγορα ἐγὼ δέ γʼ ὑμᾶς προσδοκῶσʼ ἠγρηγόρη τὴν νύκτα πᾶσαν. ἀλλὰ φέρε τὴν γείτονα τήνδʼ ἐκκαλέσωμαι θρυγονῶσα τὴν θύραν. 35δεῖ γὰρ τὸν ἄνδρʼ αὐτῆς λαθεῖν. Γυνὴ Β ἤκουσά τοι ὑποδουμένη τὸ κνῦμά σου τῶν δακτύλων, ἅτʼ οὐ καταδαρθοῦσʼ. ὁ γὰρ ἀνὴρ ὦ φιλτάτη,

PRAXAGORA Therefore our plans will we confide to thee, What at the Scira we resolved to do. Ah, but there’s no one here who should be here. Yet doth it draw towards daybreak; and the Assembly Full soon will meet; and we frail womankind Must take the seats Phyromachus assigned us (You don’t forget) and not attract attention. What can the matter be? Perchance their beards Are not stitched on, as our decree commanded, Perchance they found it difficult to steal Their husband’s garments. Stay! I see a lamp Moving this way. I will retire and watch, Lest it should haply be some man approaching!

FIRST WOMAN It is the hour to start. As I was coming I heard the herald give his second—crow.

PRAXAGORA I have been waiting, watching for you all The whole night long; and now I summon forth My neighbour here, scratching her door so gently As not to rouse her husband.

SECOND WOMAN Yea, I heard (For I was up and putting on my shoes) The stealthy creeping of thy finger-nail.

Γυνὴ Β 38Σαλαμίνιος γάρ ἐστιν ᾧ ξύνειμʼ ἐγώ, τὴν νύχθʼ ὅλην ἤλαυνέ μʼ ἐν τοῖς στρώμασιν, 40ὥστʼ ἄρτι τουτὶ θοἰμάτιον αὐτοῦ ʼλαβον. Γυνὴ Α καὶ μὴν ὁρῶ καὶ Κλειναρέτην καὶ Σωστράτην προσιοῦσαν ἤδη τήνδε καὶ Φιλαινέτην. Πραξάγορα οὔκουν ἐπείξεσθʼ; ὡς Γλύκη κατώμοσεν τὴν ὑστάτην ἥκουσαν οἴνου τρεῖς χοᾶς 45ἡμῶν ἀποτείσειν κἀρεβίνθων χοίνικα. Γυνὴ Α τὴν Σμικυθίωνος δʼ οὐχ ὁρᾷς Μελιστίχην σπεύδουσαν ἐν ταῖς ἐμβάσιν; Πραξάγορα καίτοι δοκεῖ κατὰ σχολὴν παρὰ τἀνδρὸς ἐξελθεῖν μόνη. Γυνὴ Α τὴν τοῦ καπήλου δʼ οὐχ ὁρᾷς Γευσιστράτην 50ἔχουσαν ἐν τῇ δεξιᾷ τὴν λαμπάδα; Γυνὴ Β καὶ τὴν Φιλοδωρήτου τε καὶ Χαιρητάδου ὁρῶ προσιούσας χἀτέρας πολλὰς πάνυ γυναῖκας, ὅ τι πέρ ἐστʼ ὄφελος ἐν τῇ πόλει. Γυνὴ Γ καὶ πάνυ ταλαιπώρως ἔγωγʼ ὦ φιλτάτη 55ἐκδρᾶσα παρέδυν. ὁ γὰρ ἀνὴρ τὴν νύχθʼ ὅλην ἔβηττε τριχίδων ἑσπέρας ἐμπλήμενος. Πραξάγορα κάθησθε τοίνυν, ὡς ἂν ἀνέρωμαι τάδε ὑμᾶς, ἐπειδὴ συλλελεγμένας ὁρῶ, ὅσα Σκίροις ἔδοξεν εἰ δεδράκατε. Γυνὴ Α 60ἔγωγε. πρῶτον μέν γʼ ἔχω τὰς μασχάλας λόχμης δασυτέρας, καθάπερ ἦν ξυγκείμενον· ἔπειθʼ ὁπόθʼ ἁνὴρ εἰς ἀγορὰν οἴχοιτό μου,

SECOND WOMAN My husband, dear—a Salaminian he— Has all night long been tossing in his bed; Wherefore I could not steal his garb till now.

FIRST WOMAN O now they are coming! Here’s Cleinarete, Here’s Sostrata, and here’s Philaenete.

SEMICHORUS Come, hurry up: for Glyce vowed a vow That whosoever comes the last shall pay One quart of chickpeas and nine quarts of wine.

FIRST WOMAN And look! Melistiche, Smicythion’s wife, Wearing her husband’s shoes. She, only she, Has come away, methinks, at ease, unflurried.

SECOND WOMAN And look! Geusistrata, the tapster’s wife, In her right hand the torch.

PRAXAGORA And now the wives Of Philodoretus and Chaeretades, And many another, hurrying on I see, All that is best and worthiest in the town.

SEMICHORUS O honey, I’d tremendous work to come. My husband gorged his fill of sprats at supper, And he’s been cough, cough, coughing all night long.

PRAXAGORA Well, sit ye down, that I may ask you this, Now that ye’re all assembled: have ye done What at the Scira ’twas resolved to do?

FIRST WOMAN I have, for one. See, underneath my arms The hair is growing thicker than a copse, As ’twas agreed: and when my husband started

Γυνὴ Α 63ἀλειψαμένη τὸ σῶμʼ ὅλον διʼ ἡμέρας ἐχραινόμην ἑστῶσα πρὸς τὸν ἥλιον. Γυνὴ Β 65κἄγωγε· τὸ ξυρὸν δέ γʼ ἐκ τῆς οἰκίας ἔρριψα πρῶτον, ἵνα δασυνθείην ὅλη καὶ μηδὲν εἴην ἔτι γυναικὶ προσφερής. Πραξάγορα ἔχετε δὲ τοὺς πώγωνας, οὓς εἴρητʼ ἔχειν πάσαισιν ἡμῖν, ὁπότε συλλεγοίμεθα; Γυνὴ Α 70νὴ τὴν Ἑκάτην καλόν γʼ ἔγωγε τουτονί. Γυνὴ Β κἄγωγʼ Ἑπικράτους οὐκ ὀλίγῳ καλλίονα. Πραξάγορα ὑμεῖς δὲ τί φατε; Γυνὴ Α φασί· κατανεύουσι γάρ. Πραξάγορα καὶ μὴν τά γʼ ἄλλʼ ὑμῖν ὁρῶ πεπραγμένα. Λακωνικὰς γὰρ ἔχετε καὶ βακτηρίας 75καὶ θαἰμάτια τἀνδρεῖα, καθάπερ εἴπομεν. Γυνὴ Α ἔγωγέ τοι τὸ σκύταλον ἐξηνεγκάμην τὸ τοῦ Λαμίου τουτὶ καθεύδοντος λάθρᾳ. Γυνὴ Β τοῦτʼ ἔστʼ ἐκείνων τῶν σκυτάλων ὧν πέρδεται. Πραξάγορα νὴ τὸν Δία τὸν σωτῆρʼ ἐπιτήδειός γʼ ἂν ἦν 80τὴν τοῦ πανόπτου διφθέραν ἐνημμένος εἴπερ τις ἄλλος βουκολεῖν τὸ δήμιον. ἀλλʼ ἄγεθʼ ὅπως καὶ τἀπὶ τούτοις δράσομεν, ἕως ἔτʼ ἐστὶν ἄστρα κατὰ τὸν οὐρανόν· ἡκκλησία δʼ, εἰς ἣν παρεσκευάσμεθα 85ἡμεῖς βαδίζειν, ἐξ ἕω γενήσεται. Γυνὴ Α νὴ τὸν Δίʼ ὥστε δεῖ σε καταλαβεῖν ἕδρας ὑπὸ τῷ λίθῳ τῶν πρυτάνεων καταντικρύ.

FIRST WOMAN Off to the market-place, I’d oil my body And stand all day decocting in the sun.

SECOND WOMAN I too have done it: flinging, first of all, The razor out of doors, that so my skin Might grow quite hairy, and unlike a woman.

PRAXAGORA But have ye got the beards, which, ’twas determined, Ye all should bring, assembling here to-day?

FIRST WOMAN I have, by Hecate! Look! a lovely one.

SECOND WOMAN And I, much lovelier than Epicrates’s.

PRAXAGORA And what say ye?

FIRST WOMAN They nod assent: they’ve got them.

PRAXAGORA The other matters, I perceive, are done. Laconian shoes ye’ve got, and walking-sticks, And the men’s overcloaks, as we desired you.

FIRST WOMAN O I’ve a splendid club I stole away (See, here it is) from Lamias as he slept.

PRAXAGORA O yes, I know: “the clubs he sweltered with.”

FIRST WOMAN By Zeus the Saviour, he’s the very man To don the skins the All-eyed herdsman wore, And, no man better, tend the—public hangman.

PRAXAGORA But now to finish what remains to do While yet the stars are lingering in the sky; For this Assembly, as you know, whereto We all are bound, commences with the dawn.

FIRST WOMAN And so it does: and we’re to seat ourselves Facing the prytanes, just below the speakers.

Γυνὴ Β 88ταυτί γέ τοι νὴ τὸν Δίʼ ἐφερόμην, ἵνα πληρουμένης ξαίνοιμι τῆς ἐκκλησίας. Πραξάγορα 90πληρουμένης τάλαινα; Γυνὴ Β νὴ τὴν Ἄρτεμιν ἔγωγε. τί γὰρ ἂν χεῖρον ἀκροῴμην ἄρα ξαίνουσα; γυμνὰ δʼ ἐστί μου τὰ παιδία. Πραξάγορα ἰδού γέ σε ξαίνουσαν, ἣν τοῦ σώματος οὐδὲν παραφῆναι τοῖς καθημένοις ἔδει. 95οὐκοῦν καλά γʼ ἂν πάθοιμεν, εἰ πλήρης τύχοι ὁ δῆμος ὢν κἄπειθʼ ὑπερβαίνουσά τις ἀναβαλλομένη δείξειε τὸν Φορμίσιον. ἢν δʼ ἐγκαθεζώμεσθα πρότεραι, λήσομεν ξυστειλάμεναι θαἰμάτια· τὸν πώγωνά τε 100ὅταν καθῶμεν ὃν περιδησόμεσθʼ ἐκεῖ, τίς οὐκ ἂν ἡμᾶς ἄνδρας ἡγήσαιθʼ ὁρῶν; Γυνὴ Α Ἀγύρριος γοῦν τὸν Προνόμου πώγωνʼ ἔχων λέληθε· καίτοι πρότερον ἦν οὗτος γυνή· νυνὶ δʼ, ὁρᾷς, πράττει τὰ μέγιστʼ ἐν τῇ πόλει. Πραξάγορα 105τούτου γε τοίνυν τὴν ἐπιοῦσαν ἡμέραν τόλμημα τολμῶμεν τοσοῦτον οὕνεκα, ἤν πως παραλαβεῖν τῆς πόλεως τὰ πράγματα δυνώμεθʼ, ὥστʼ ἀγαθόν τι πρᾶξαι τὴν πόλιν· νῦν μὲν γὰρ οὔτε θέομεν οὔτʼ ἐλαύνομεν. Γυνὴ Α 110καὶ πῶς γυναικῶν θηλύφρων ξυνουσία δημηγορήσει; Πραξάγορα πολὺ μὲν οὖν ἄριστά που. λέγουσι γὰρ καὶ τῶν νεανίσκων ὅσοι πλεῖστα σποδοῦνται, δεινοτάτους εἶναι λέγειν· ἡμῖν δʼ ὑπάρχει τοῦτο κατὰ τύχην τινά.

SECOND WOMAN See what I’ve brought, dear heart: I mean to do A little spinning while the Assembly fills.

PRAXAGORA Fills? miserable woman!

SECOND WOMAN Yes, why not? O I can spin and listen just as well. Besides, my little chicks have got no clothes.

PRAXAGORA Fancy you spinning! when you must not have The tiniest morsel of your person seen. ’Twere a fine scrape, if when the Assembly’s full, Some woman clambering o’er the seats, and throwing Her cloak awry, should show that she’s a woman. No, if we sit in front and gather round us Our husbands’ garments, none will find us out. Why, when we’ve got our flowing beards on there, Who that beholds us will suppose we’re women? Was not Agyrrhius erst a woman? Yet Now that he wears the beard of Pronomus, He passes for a man, a statesman too. O by yon dawning day, ’tis just for that, We women dare this daring deed to do, If we can seize upon the helm of state And trim the ship to weather through the storm; For neither sails nor oars avail it now. How can the female soul of womankind Address the Assembly?

PRAXAGORA Admirably well. Youths that are most effeminate, they say, Are always strongest in the speaking line; And we’ve got that by nature.

Γυνὴ Α 115οὐκ οἶδα· δεινὸν δʼ ἐστὶν ἡ μὴ ʼμπειρία. Πραξάγορα οὐκοῦν ἐπίτηδες ξυνελέγημεν ἐνθάδε, ὅπως προμελετήσωμεν ἁκεῖ δεῖ λέγειν. οὐκ ἂν φθάνοις τὸ γένειον ἂν περιδουμένη ἄλλαι θʼ ὅσαι λαλεῖν μεμελετήκασί που. Γυνὴ Α 120τίς δʼ ὦ μέλʼ ἡμῶν οὐ λαλεῖν ἐπίσταται; Πραξάγορα ἴθι δὴ σὺ περιδοῦ καὶ ταχέως ἀνὴρ γενοῦ· ἐγὼ δὲ θεῖσα τοὺς στεφάνους περιδήσομαι καὐτὴ μεθʼ ὑμῶν, ἤν τί μοι δόξῃ λέγειν. Γυνὴ Α δεῦρʼ ὦ γλυκυτάτη Πραξαγόρα, σκέψαι τάλαν 125ὡς καὶ καταγέλαστον τὸ πρᾶγμα φαίνεται. Πραξάγορα πῶς καταγέλαστον; Γυνὴ Α ὥσπερ εἴ τις σηπίαις πώγωνα περιδήσειεν ἐσταθευμέναις. Πραξάγορα ὁ περιστίαρχος, περιφέρειν χρὴ τὴν γαλῆν. πάριτʼ ἐς τὸ πρόσθεν. Ἀρίφραδες παῦσαι λαλῶν.

FIRST WOMAN Maybe so. Still inexperience is a serious matter.

PRAXAGORA And is not that the very reason why We’ve met together to rehearse the scene? Now do make haste and fasten on your beards, And all you others who have practised talking.

FIRST WOMAN Practised, indeed! can’t every woman talk?

PRAXAGORA Come, fasten on your beard, and be a man. I’ll lay these chaplets down, and do the same. Maybe I’ll make a little speech myself.

SECOND WOMAN O, here, sweet love, Praxagora: look, child! O what a merry joke this seems to me!

PRAXAGORA Joke! where’s the joke?

SECOND WOMAN ’Tis just as if we tied A shaggy beard to toasting cuttlefish.

English translation by Benjamin Bickley Rogers (1924). Original text: Greek text: F. W. Hall and W. M. Geldart (eds.), Aristophanis Comoediae, Oxford Classical Texts, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1906-1907, as digitised by Perseus. English: Benjamin Bickley Rogers, Aristophanes, vol. III, Loeb Classical Library, London: William Heinemann, and New York: G. P. Putnam's Sons, 1924.

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, Greek: CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain (Rogers). Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.