Virgil · Eclogues Eclogae (Bucolica)

Virgil, Eclogues 4.1–63: Eclogue 4: the return of the golden age

The poet says the last age sung by the Sibyl of Cumae has ended and a new order begins, with justice, the reign of Kronos (Saturn) and a new race from heaven. It begins at the birth of a boy in the consulship of Pollio, for whom the earth pours out flowers, goats come home with milk and serpents die. As he grows, corn ripens, though a new Argo and a new Achilles still appear. The poet hopes to live to sing of him.

Lines 4.1–63 · 602 words · click a number to copy its link
1Sicelides Musae, paulo maiora canamus! Non omnis arbusta iuvant humilesque myricae; si canimus silvas, silvae sint consule dignae. Ultima Cumaei venit iam carminis aetas; 5magnus ab integro saeclorum nascitur ordo: iam redit et Virgo, redeunt Saturnia regna; iam nova progenies caelo demittitur alto. Tu modo nascenti puero, quo ferrea primum desinet ac toto surget gens aurea mundo, 10casta fave Lucina: tuus iam regnat Apollo. Teque adeo decus hoc aevi te consule inibit, Pollio, et incipient magni procedere menses.

Muses of Sicily, essay we now
a somewhat loftier task! Not all men love
coppice or lowly tamarisk: sing we woods,
woods worthy of a Consul let them be.
Now the last age by Cumae's Sibyl sung
has come and gone, and the majestic roll
of circling centuries begins anew:
justice returns, returns old Saturn's reign,
with a new breed of men sent down from heaven.
Only do thou, at the boy's birth in whom
the iron shall cease, the golden race arise,
befriend him, chaste Lucina; 'tis thine own
Apollo reigns. And in thy consulate,
this glorious age, O Pollio, shall begin,
and the months enter on their mighty march.

13te duce, si qua manent sceleris vestigia nostri, inrita perpetua solvent formidine terras. 15ille deum vitam accipiet, divisque videbit permixtos heroas, et ipse videbitur illis, pacatumque reget patriis virtutibus orbem. At tibi prima, puer, nullo munuscula cultu errantis hederas passim cum baccare tellus 20mixtaque ridenti colocasia fundet acantho. Ipsae lacte domum referent distenta capellae ubera, nec magnos metuent armenta leones; ipsa tibi blandos fundent cunabula flores, occidet et serpens, et fallax herba veneni 25occidet, Assyrium volgo nascetur amomum.

Under thy guidance, whatso tracks remain
of our old wickedness, once done away,
shall free the earth from never-ceasing fear.
He shall receive the life of gods, and see
heroes with gods commingling, and himself
be seen of them, and with his father's worth
reign o'er a world at peace. For thee, O boy,
first shall the earth, untilled, pour freely forth
her childish gifts, the gadding ivy-spray
with foxglove and Egyptian bean-flower mixed,
and laughing-eyed acanthus. Of themselves,
untended, will the she-goats then bring home
their udders swollen with milk, while flocks afield
shall of the monstrous lion have no fear.
Thy very cradle shall pour forth for thee
caressing flowers. The serpent too shall die,
die shall the treacherous poison-plant, and far
and wide Assyrian spices spring.

26at simul heroum laudes et facta parentis iam legere et quae sit poteris cognoscere virtus, molli paulatim flavescet campus arista, incultisque rubens pendebit sentibus uva, 30et durae quercus sudabunt roscida mella Pauca tamen suberunt priscae vestigia fraudis, quae temptare Thetim ratibus, quae cingere muris oppida, quae iubeant telluri infindere sulcos: alter erit tum Tiphys, et altera quae vehat Argo 35delectos Heroas; erunt etiam altera bella, atque iterum ad Troiam magnus mittetur Achilles.

But soon
as thou hast skill to read of heroes' fame,
and of thy father's deeds, and inly learn
what virtue is, the plain by slow degrees
with waving corn-crops shall to golden grow,
from the wild briar shall hang the blushing grape,
and stubborn oaks sweat honey-dew. Nathless
yet shall there lurk within of ancient wrong
some traces, bidding tempt the deep with ships,
gird towns with walls, with furrows cleave the earth.
Therewith a second Tiphys shall there be,
her hero-freight a second Argo bear;
new wars too shall arise, and once again
some great Achilles to some Troy be sent.

37Hinc, ubi iam firmata virum te fecerit aetas, cedet et ipse mari vector, nec nautica pinus mutabit merces: omnis feret omnia tellus: 40non rastros patietur humus, non vinea falcem; robustus quoque iam tauris iuga solvet arator; nec varios discet mentiri lana colores: ipse sed in pratis aries iam suave rubenti murice, iam croceo mutabit vellera luto; 45sponte sua sandyx pascentis vestiet agnos. Talia saecla, suis dixerunt, currite, fusis concordes stabili fatorum numine Parcae.

Then, when the mellowing years have made thee man,
no more shall mariner sail, nor pine-tree bark
ply traffic on the sea, but every land
shall all things bear alike: the glebe no more
shall feel the harrow's grip, nor vine the hook;
the sturdy ploughman shall loose yoke from steer,
nor wool with varying colours learn to lie;
but in the meadows shall the ram himself,
now with soft flush of purple, now with tint
of yellow saffron, teach his fleece to shine.
While clothed in natural scarlet graze the lambs.
“Such still, such ages weave ye, as ye run,”
sang to their spindles the consenting Fates
by Destiny's unalterable decree.

48Adgredere o magnos—aderit iam tempus—honores, cara deum suboles, magnum Iovis incrementum! 50Aspice convexo nutantem pondere mundum, terrasque tractusque maris caelumque profundum! Aspice, venturo laetentur ut omnia saeclo! O mihi tam longae maneat pars ultima vitae, spiritus et quantum sat erit tua dicere facta! 55Non me carminibus vincet nec Thracius Orpheus, nec Linus, huic mater quamvis atque huic pater adsit, Orphei Calliopea, Lino formosus Apollo, Pan etiam, Arcadia mecum si iudice certet, Pan etiam Arcadia dicat se iudice victum. 60Incipe, parve puer, risu cognoscere matrem, matri longa decem tulerunt fastidia menses. Incipe, parve puer, cui non risere parentes, nec deus hunc mensa, dea nec dignata cubili est.

Assume thy greatness, for the time draws nigh,
dear child of gods, great progeny of Jove!
See how it totters—the world's orbed might,
earth, and wide ocean, and the vault profound,
all, see, enraptured of the coming time!
Ah! might such length of days to me be given,
and breath suffice me to rehearse thy deeds,
nor Thracian Orpheus should out-sing me then,
nor Linus, though his mother this, and that
his sire should aid—Orpheus Calliope,
and Linus fair Apollo. Nay, though Pan,
with Arcady for judge, my claim contest,
with Arcady for judge great Pan himself
should own him foiled, and from the field retire.
Begin to greet thy mother with a smile,
O baby-boy! ten months of weariness
for thee she bore: O baby-boy, begin!
For him, on whom his parents have not smiled,
gods deem not worthy of their board or bed.

People and places in this passage

English translation by James Rhoades (1921). Original text: J. B. Greenough (ed.), The Bucolics, Aeneid, and Georgics of Virgil, Boston: Ginn and Company, 1881 (Latin text as digitised by Perseus); English: James Rhoades, The Poems of Vergil, London: Oxford University Press, 1921.

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.