Virgil · Eclogues Eclogae (Bucolica)

Virgil, Eclogues 8.1–109: Eclogue 8: the songs of Damon and Alphesiboeus

The poet dedicates the song to an unnamed addressee and tells of two shepherd-singers, Damon and Alphesiboeus, whose songs made the heifer, the lynx and the streams stop to listen. At dawn Damon laments that Nysa is given to Mopsus, recalls seeing her as a girl in the orchard, curses Love and says he will leap into the sea. In Alphesiboeus's song, the speaker and Amaryllis perform a charm with threads, ashes and bay to draw Daphnis home. At the end the altar flames, Hylax barks, and Daphnis is coming.

Lines 8.1–109 · 1113 words · click a number to copy its link
1Pastorem Musam Damonis et Alphesiboei— immemor herbarum quos est mirata iuvenca certantis, quorum stupefactae carmine lynces, et mutata suos requierunt flumina cursus— 5Illonis Musam dicemus et Alphesiboei. Tu mihi seu magni superas iam saxa Timavi, sive oram Illyrici legis aequoris, en erit umquam ille dies, mihi cum liceat tua dicere facta? en erit ut liceat totum mihi ferre per orbem 10sola Sophocleo tua carmina digna coturno? A te principium, tibi desinam: accipe iussis carmina coepta tuis, atque hanc sine tempora circum inter victrices hederam tibi serpere laurus.

Of Damon and Alphesiboeus now,
those shepherd-singers at whose rival strains
the heifer wondering forgot to graze,
the lynx stood awe-struck, and the flowing streams,
unwonted loiterers, stayed their course to hear—
how Damon and Alphesiboeus sang
their pastoral ditties, will I tell the tale.
Thou, whether broad Timavus' rocky banks
thou now art passing, or dost skirt the shore
of the Illyrian main,—will ever dawn
that day when I thy deeds may celebrate,
ever that day when through the whole wide world
I may renown thy verse—that verse alone
of Sophoclean buskin worthy found?
With thee began, to thee shall end, the strain.
Take thou these songs that owe their birth to thee,
and deign around thy temples to let creep
this ivy-chaplet 'twixt the conquering bays.

14Frigida vix caelo noctis decesserat umbra, 15cum ros in tenera pecori gratissimus herba; incumbens tereti Damon sic coepit olivae. Damon Nascere, praeque diem veniens age, Lucifer, almum, coniugis indigno Nisae deceptus amore dum queror, et divos, quamquam nil testibus illis 20profeci, extrema moriens tamen adloquor hora. Incipe Maenalios mecum, mea tibia, versus. Maenalus argutumque nemus pinosque loquentis semper habet; semper pastorum ille audit amores, Panaque, qui primus calamos non passus inertis. 25Incipe Maenalios mecum, mea tibia, versus.

Scarce had night's chilly shade forsook the sky
what time to nibbling sheep the dewy grass
tastes sweetest, when, on his smooth shepherd-staff
of olive leaning, Damon thus began.

Damon “Rise, Lucifer, and, heralding the light,
bring in the genial day, while I make moan
fooled by vain passion for a faithless bride,
for Nysa, and with this my dying breath
call on the gods, though little it bestead—
the gods who heard her vows and heeded not.
‘Begin, my flute, with me Maenalian lays.’
Ever hath Maenalus his murmuring groves
and whispering pines, and ever hears the songs
of love-lorn shepherds, and of Pan, who first
brooked not the tuneful reed should idle lie.

26Mopso Nisa datur: quid non speremus amantes? Iungentur iam grypes equis, aevoque sequenti cum canibus timidi venient ad pocula dammae. Mopse, novas incide faces: tibi ducitur uxor; 30sparge, marite, nuces: tibi deserit Hesperus Oetam. Incipe Maenalios mecum, mea tibia, versus. O digno coniuncta viro, dum despicis omnes, dumque tibi est odio mea fistula, dumque capellae, hirsutumque supercilium promissaque barba, 35nec curare deum credis mortalia quemquam! Incipe Maenalios mecum, mea tibia, versus.

‘Begin, my flute, with me Maenalian lays.’
Nysa to Mopsus given! what may not then
we lovers look for? soon shall we see mate
griffins with mares, and in the coming age
shy deer and hounds together come to drink.
‘Begin, my flute, with me Maenalian lays.’
Now, Mopsus, cut new torches, for they bring
your bride along; now, bridegroom, scatter nuts:
forsaking Oeta mounts the evening star!
‘Begin, my flute, with me Maenalian lays.’
O worthy of thy mate, while all men else
thou scornest, and with loathing dost behold
my shepherd's pipe, my goats, my shaggy brow,
and untrimmed beard, nor deem'st that any god
for mortal doings hath regard or care.

37Saepibus in nostris parvam te roscida mala— dux ego vester eram—vidi cum matre legentem. Alter ab undecimo tum me iam acceperat annus; 40iam fragilis poteram ab terra contingere ramos. Ut vidi, ut perii! Ut me malus abstulit error! Incipe Maenalios mecum, mea tibia, versus. Nunc scio, quid sit Amor: duris in cotibus illum aut Tmaros, aut Rhodope, aut extremm Garamantes, 45nec generis nostri puerum nec sanguinis edunt. Incipe Maenalios mecum, mea tibia, versus. saevus Amor docuit natorum sanguine matrem commaculare manus; crudelis tu quoque, mater: crudelis mater magis, an puer improbus ille?

‘Begin, my flute, with me Maenalian lays.’
Once with your mother, in our orchard-garth,
a little maid I saw you—I your guide—
plucking the dewy apples. My twelfth year
I scarce had entered, and could barely reach
the brittle boughs. I looked, and I was lost;
a sudden frenzy swept my wits away.
‘Begin, my flute, with me Maenalian lays.’
Now know I what Love is: 'mid savage rocks
tmaros or Rhodope brought forth the boy,
or Garamantes in earth's utmost bounds—
no kin of ours, nor of our blood begot.
‘Begin, my flute, with me Maenalian lays.’
Fierce Love it was once steeled a mother's heart
with her own offspring's blood her hands to imbrue:
mother, thou too wert cruel; say wert thou
more cruel, mother, or more ruthless he?

50improbus ille puer; crudelis tu quoque, mater. Incipe Maenalios mecum, mea tibia, versus. nunc et ovis ultro fugiat lupus; aurea durae mala ferant quercus; narcisso floreat alnus; pinguia corticibus sudent electra myricae; 55certent et cycnis ululae; sit Tityrus Orpheus, Orpheus in silvis, inter delphinas Arion. Incipe Maenalios mecum, mea tibia, versus. Omnia vel medium fiant mare: vivite, silvae! praeceps aerii specula de montis in undas 60deferar; extremum hoc munus morientis habeto. desine Maenalios, iam desine, tibia, versus.

Ruthless the boy, thou, mother, cruel too.
‘Begin, my flute, with me Maenalian lays.’
Now let the wolf turn tail and fly the sheep,
tough oaks bear golden apples, alder-trees
bloom with narcissus-flower, the tamarisk
sweat with rich amber, and the screech-owl vie
in singing with the swan: let Tityrus
be Orpheus, Orpheus in the forest-glade,
arion 'mid his dolphins on the deep.
‘Begin, my flute, with me Maenalian lays.’
Yea, be the whole earth to mid-ocean turned!
Farewell, ye woodlands I from the tall peak
of yon aerial rock will headlong plunge
into the billows: this my latest gift,
from dying lips bequeathed thee, see thou keep.
Cease now, my flute, now cease Maenalian lays.’”

62Haec Damon: vos, quae responderit Alphesiboeus, dicite, Pierides; non omnia possumus omnes. Alphesiboeus Effer aquam, et molli cinge haec altaria vitta, 65verbenasque adole pinguis et mascula tura, coniugis ut magicis sanos avertere sacris experiar sensus nihil hic nisi carmina desunt. Ducite ab urbe domum, mea carmina, ducite Daphnim. Carmina vel caelo possunt deducere Lunam; 70carminibus Circe socios mutavit Ulixi; frigidus in pratia cantando rumpitur anguis. Ducite ab urbe domum, mea carmina, ducite Daphnim.

Thus Damon: but do ye, Pierian Maids—
we cannot all do all things—tell me how
Alphesiboeus to his strain replied.

Alphesiboeus “Bring water, and with soft wool-fillet bind
these altars round about, and burn thereon
rich vervain and male frankincense, that I
may strive with magic spells to turn astray
my lover's saner senses, whereunto
there lacketh nothing save the power of song.
‘Draw from the town, my songs, draw Daphnis home.’
Songs can the very moon draw down from heaven
Circe with singing changed from human form
the comrades of Ulysses, and by song
is the cold meadow-snake, asunder burst.

73terna tibi haec primum triplici diversa colore licia circumdo, terque haec altaria circum 75effigiem duco: numero deus impare gaudet. Ducite ab urbe domum, mea carmina, ducite Daphnim. Necte tribus nodis ternos, Amarylli, colores, necte, Amarylli, modo, et “Veneris” dic “vincula necto.” Ducite ab urbe domum, mea carmina, ducite Daphnim. 80Limus ut hic durescit et haec ut cera liquescit uno eodemque igni, sic nostro Daphnis amore. Sparge molam, et fragilis incende bitumine laurus. Daphnis me malus urit, ego hanc in Daphnide laurum. Ducite ab urbe domum, mea carmina, ducite Daphnim.

‘Draw from the town, my songs, draw Daphnis home.’
These triple threads of threefold colour first
I twine about thee, and three times withal
around these altars do thine image bear:
uneven numbers are the god's delight.
‘Draw from the town, my songs, draw Daphnis home.’
Now, Amaryllis, ply in triple knots
the threefold colours; ply them fast, and say
this is the chain of Venus that I ply.
‘Draw from the town, my songs, draw Daphnis home.’
As by the kindling of the self-same fire
harder this clay, this wax the softer grows,
so by my love may Daphnis; sprinkle meal,
and with bitumen burn the brittle bays.
Me Daphnis with his cruelty doth burn,
I to melt cruel Daphnis burn this bay.
‘Draw from the town, my songs, draw Daphnis home.’

85Talis amor Daphnim, qualis cum fessa iuvencum per nemora atque altos quaerendo bucula lucos propter aquae rivum viridi procumbit in ulva, perdita, nec serae meminit decedere nocti, talis amor teneat, nec sit mihi cura mederi. 90Ducite ab urbe domum, mea carmina, ducite Daphnim. Has olim exuvias mihi perfidus ille reliquit, pignora cara sui, quae nunc ego limine in ipso, terra, tibi mando; debent haec pignora Daphnim. Ducite ab urbe domum, mea carmina, ducite Daphnim. 95Has herbas atque haec Ponto mihi lecta venena ipse dedit Moeris; nascuntur plurima Ponto.

As when some heifer, seeking for her steer
through woodland and deep grove, sinks wearied out
on the green sedge beside a stream, love-lorn,
nor marks the gathering night that calls her home—
as pines that heifer, with such love as hers
may Daphnis pine, and I not care to heal.
‘Draw from the town, my songs, draw Daphnis home.’
These relics once, dear pledges of himself,
the traitor left me, which, O earth, to thee
here on this very threshold I commit—
pledges that bind him to redeem the debt.
‘Draw from the town, my songs, draw Daphnis home.’
These herbs of bane to me did Moeris give,
in Pontus culled, where baneful herbs abound.

97His ego saepe lupum fieri et se condere silvis Moerim, saepe animas imis excire sepulcris, atque satas alio vidi traducere messis. 100Ducite ab urbe domum, mea carmina, ducite Daphnim. Fer cineres, Amarylli, foras, rivoque fluenti transque caput iace, nec respexeris: his ego Daphnim adgrediar, nihil ille deos, nil carmina curat. Ducite ab urbe domum, mea carmina, ducite Daphnim. 105Aspice, corripuit tremulis altaria flammis sponte sua, dum ferre moror, cinis ipse: bonum sit! Nescio quid certe est, et Hylas in limine latrat. Credimus, an, qui amant, ipsi sibi somnia fingunt? Parcite, ab urbe venit, iam carmina, parcite, Daphnis.

With these full oft have I seen Moeris change
to a wolf's form, and hide him in the woods,
oft summon spirits from the tomb's recess,
and to new fields transport the standing corn.
‘Draw from the town, my songs, draw Daphnis home.’
Take ashes, Amaryllis, fetch them forth,
and o'er your head into the running brook
fling them, nor look behind: with these will
upon the heart of Daphnis make essay.
Nothing for gods, nothing for songs cares he.
‘Draw from the town, my songs, draw Daphnis home.’
Look, look I the very embers of themselves
have caught the altar with a flickering flame,
while I delay to fetch them: may the sign
prove lucky! something it must mean, for sure,
and Hylax on the threshold 'gins to bark!
May we believe it, or are lovers still
by their own fancies fooled?
Give o'er, my songs,
Daphnis is coming from the town, give o'er.”

People and places in this passage

English translation by James Rhoades (1921). Original text: J. B. Greenough (ed.), The Bucolics, Aeneid, and Georgics of Virgil, Boston: Ginn and Company, 1881 (Latin text as digitised by Perseus); English: James Rhoades, The Poems of Vergil, London: Oxford University Press, 1921.

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.