ἐν ἀριστερᾷ δὲ τῶν πυλῶν, ἃς ὀνομάζουσιν Ἠλέκτρας, οἰκίας ἐστὶν ἐρείπια ἔνθα οἰκῆσαί φασιν Ἀμφιτρύωνα διὰ τὸν Ἠλεκτρύωνος θάνατον φεύγοντα ἐκ Τίρυνθος· καὶ τῆς Ἀλκμήνης ἐστὶν ἔτι ὁ θάλαμος ἐν τοῖς ἐρειπίοις δῆλος. οἰκοδομῆσαι δὲ αὐτὸν τῷ Ἀμφιτρύωνι Τροφώνιόν φασι καὶ Ἀγαμήδην, καὶ ἐπίγραμμα ἐπʼ αὐτῷ ἐπιγραφῆναι τόδε· Ἀμφιτρύων ὅτʼ ἔμελλʼ ἀγαγέσθαι δεῦρο γυναῖκα / Ἀλκμήνην, θάλαμόν γʼ εἱλίξατο τοῦτον ἑαυτῷ· / Ἀγχάσιος δʼ ἐποίησε Τροφώνιος ἠδʼ Ἀγαμήδης. /
τοῦτο μὲν ἐνταῦθα οἱ Θηβαῖοι γραφῆναι λέγουσιν· ἐπιδεικνύουσι δὲ Ἡρακλέους τῶν παίδων τῶν ἐκ Μεγάρας μνῆμα, οὐδέν τι ἀλλοίως τὰ ἐς τὸν θάνατον λέγοντες ἢ Στησίχορος ὁ Ἱμεραῖος καὶ Πανύασσις ἐν τοῖς ἔπεσιν ἐποίησαν. Θηβαῖοι δὲ καὶ τάδε ἐπιλέγουσιν, ὡς Ἡρακλῆς ὑπὸ τῆς μανίας καὶ Ἀμφιτρύωνα ἔμελλεν ἀποκτιννύναι, πρότερον δὲ ἄρα ὕπνος ἐπέλαβεν αὐτὸν ὑπὸ τοῦ λίθου τῆς πληγῆς· Ἀθηνᾶν δὲ εἶναι τὴν ἐπαφεῖσάν οἱ τὸν λίθον τοῦτον ὅντινα Σωφρονιστῆρα ὀνομάζουσιν.
ἐνταῦθά εἰσιν ἐπὶ τύπου γυναικῶν εἰκόνες· ἀμυδρότερα ἤδη τὰ ἀγάλματα· ταύτας καλοῦσιν οἱ Θηβαῖοι Φαρμακίδας, πεμφθῆναι δὲ ὑπὸ τῆς Ἤρας φασὶν ἐμπόδια εἶναι ταῖς ὠδῖσιν Ἀλκμήνης. αἱ μὲν δὴ ἐπεῖχον Ἀλκμήνην μὴ τεκεῖν· Τειρεσίου δὲ θυγατρὶ Ἱστορίδι σόφισμα ἔπεισιν ἐς τὰς Φαρμακίδας, ἐς ἐπήκοον αὐτῶν ὀλολύξαι, τετοκέναι γὰρ τὴν Ἀλκμήνην· οὕτω τὰς μὲν ἀπατηθείσας ἀπελθεῖν, τὴν δὲ Ἀλκμήνην τεκεῖν φασιν.
ἐνταῦθα Ἡρακλεῖόν ἐστιν, ἄγαλμα δὲ τὸ μὲν λίθου λευκοῦ Πρόμαχος καλούμενον, ἔργον δὲ Ξενοκρίτου καὶ Εὐβίου Θηβαίων· τὸ δὲ ξόανον τὸ ἀρχαῖον Θηβαῖοί τε εἶναι Δαιδάλου νενομίκασι καὶ αὐτῷ μοι παρίστατο ἔχειν οὕτω. τοῦτον ἀνέθηκεν αὐτός, ὡς λέγεται, Δαίδαλος ἐκτίνων εὐεργεσίας χάριν. ἡνίκα γὰρ ἔφευγεν ἐκ Κρήτης πλοῖα οὐ μεγάλα αὑτῷ καὶ τῷ παιδὶ Ἰκάρῳ ποιησάμενος, πρὸς δὲ καὶ ταῖς ναυσίν, ὃ μή πω τοῖς τότε ἐξεύρητο, ἱστία ἐπιτεχνησάμενος, ὡς τοῦ Μίνω ναυτικοῦ τὴν εἰρεσίαν φθάνοιεν ἐπιφόρῳ τῷ ἀνέμῳ χρώμενοι, τότε αὐτὸς μὲν σώζεται Δαίδαλος,
Ἰκάρῳ δὲ κυβερνῶντι ἀμαθέστερον ἀνατραπῆναι τὴν ναῦν λέγουσιν· ἀποπνιγέντα δὲ ἐξήνεγκεν ὁ κλύδων ἐς τὴν ὑπὲρ Σάμου νῆσον ἔτι οὖσαν ἀνώνυμον. ἐπιτυχὼν δὲ Ἡρακλῆς γνωρίζει τὸν νεκρόν, καὶ ἔθαψεν ἔνθα καὶ νῦν ἔτι αὐτῷ χῶμα οὐ μέγα ἐπὶ ἄκρας ἐστὶν ἀνεχούσης ἐς τὸ Αἰγαῖον. ἀπὸ δὲ τοῦ Ἰκάρου τούτου ὄνομα ἥ τε νῆσος καὶ ἡ περὶ αὐτὴν θάλασσα ἔσχηκε.
Θηβαίοις δὲ τὰ ἐν τοῖς ἀετοῖς Πραξιτέλης ἐποίησε τὰ πολλὰ τῶν δώδεκα καλουμένων ἄθλων· καί σφισι τὰ ἐς τὰς ὄρνιθας ἐνδεῖ τὰς ἐπὶ Στυμφάλῳ καὶ ὡς ἐκάθηρεν Ἡρακλῆς τὴν Ἠλείαν χώραν, ἀντὶ τούτων δὲ ἡ πρὸς Ἀνταῖον πάλη πεποίηται. Θρασύβουλος δὲ ὁ Λύκου καὶ Ἀθηναίων οἱ σὺν αὐτῷ τυραννίδα τὴν τῶν τριάκοντα καταλύσαντες—ὁρμηθεῖσι γάρ σφισιν ἐκ Θηβῶν ἐγένετο ἡ κάθοδος—Ἀθηνᾶν καὶ Ἡρακλέα κολοσσοὺς ἐπὶ λίθου τύπου τοῦ Πεντελῆσιν, ἔργα δὲ Ἀλκαμένους, ἀνέθηκαν ἐς τὸ Ἡρακλεῖον.
τοῦ δὲ Ἡρακλείου γυμνάσιον ἔχεται καὶ στάδιον, ἀμφότερα ἐπώνυμα τοῦ θεοῦ. ὑπὲρ δὲ τὸν Σωφρονιστῆρα λίθον βωμός ἐστιν Ἀπόλλωνος ἐπίκλησιν Σποδίου, πεποίηται δὲ ἀπὸ τῆς τέφρας τῶν ἱερείων. μαντικὴ δὲ καθέστηκεν αὐτόθι ἀπὸ κληδόνων, ᾗ δὴ καὶ Σμυρναίους μάλιστα Ἑλλήνων χρωμένους οἶδα· ἔστι γὰρ καὶ Σμυρναίοις ὑπὲρ τὴν πόλιν κατὰ τὸ ἐκτὸς τοῦ τείχους Κληδόνων ἱερόν.
On the left of the gate which they name Electran are the ruins of a house where they say Amphitryo dwelt, when he fled from Tiryns on account of the death of Electryon ; and Alcmena’s bridal-chamber can still be seen among the ruins. They say that it was built for Amphitryo by Trophonius and Agamedes, and that the following inscription was placed upon it :— When Amphitryo was about to bring hither his bride Alcmena, he chose this bridal-chamber for himself : Anchasian Trophonius and Agamedes made it for him. Such was the inscription which the Thebans say was here inscribed. They also show the tomb of the children whom Hercules had by Megara. Their account of the death of the children does not differ from that given by the poets Stesichorus the Himeraean, and Panyasis. But the Thebans add that in his madness Hercules was about to kill Amphitryo also, but before he could do so he fainted from the blow of the stone: it was Athena, they say, who hurled at him this stone, which they name Chastener.
Here are likenesses of women in relief, but the figures are somewhat worn. The Thebans call them the Witches, and say that they were sent by Hera to hinder the travail of Alcmena. Accordingly they kept Alcmena from bringing forth ; but Historis, daughter of Tiresias, bethought her of playing the witches a trick: she set up a cry of joy in their hearing, pretending that Alcmena had been delivered. So the witches, they say, were deceived and took themselves off, and Alcmena was delivered of the child. Here there is a sanctuary of Hercules. The image is of white marble, and is called Champion: it is a work of Xenocritus and Eubius, two Thebans. The old wooden image is believed by the Thebans to be by Daedalus, and that was my impression too. 2. This image, it is said, Daedalus himself dedicated in acknowledgment of a benefit received. For when he fled from Crete in small craft which he had made for himself and his son Icarus, he devised sails for the ships (an invention hitherto unknown) in order to take advantage of a fair wind, and so outstrip the fleet of Minos which was propelled by oars. Well, Daedalus himself was saved ; but Icarus, they say, steered awkwardly and his ship capsized. The drowned man was washed ashore by the billows on an island, then nameless, off the coast of Samos. Hercules found and recognised the corpse, and buried it where there still stands a small mound to Icarus on a headland jutting into the Aegean sea. From Icarus both the island and the surrounding sea derived their names.
The sculptures in the gables at Thebes are by Praxiteles, and represent most of what are called the twelve labours. The affair of the Stymphalian birds and Hercules cleansing the land of Elis are wanting, and in their stead is the wrestling with Antaeus. Thrasybulus, son of Lycus, and the Athenians who with him put down the tyranny of the Thirty, set out from Thebes on their return to Athens, and therefore they dedicated colossal figures of Athena and Hercules in the sanctuary of Hercules. The figures are carved in relief on Pentelic marble and are works of Alcamenes. Adjoining the sanctuary of Hercules are a gymnasium and a stadium, both named after the god.
Above the Chastener stone is an altar of Apollo, surnamed Apollo of the Ashes: it is made of the ashes of the victims. There is here a regular system of divination by means of voices: this mode of divination is, to my knowledge, more employed by the people of Smyrna than by any other Greek people ; for at Smyrna also there is a sanctuary of the Voices outside the walls, above the city.
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