Homer · Odyssey Ὀδύσσεια

Homer, Odyssey 8.370–453: The dance; gifts for the stranger

Halius and Laodamas dance a ball dance, and Odysseus praises their skill. Alcinous bids the twelve kings of the Phaeacians each give a cloak, a tunic and a talent of gold, and Euryalus offers a bronze sword with a silver hilt by way of apology, which Odysseus accepts. Arete has a chest brought, and Odysseus ties the lid with a knot that Circe once taught him, and then goes to the bath.

Lines 8.370–453 · 906 words · click a number to copy its link
370Ἀλκίνοος δʼ Ἅλιον καὶ Λαοδάμαντα κέλευσεν μουνὰξ ὀρχήσασθαι, ἐπεί σφισιν οὔ τις ἔριζεν. οἱ δʼ ἐπεὶ οὖν σφαῖραν καλὴν μετὰ χερσὶν ἕλοντο, πορφυρέην, τήν σφιν Πόλυβος ποίησε δαΐφρων, τὴν ἕτερος ῥίπτασκε ποτὶ νέφεα σκιόεντα 375ἰδνωθεὶς ὀπίσω, ὁ δʼ ἀπὸ χθονὸς ὑψόσʼ ἀερθεὶς ῥηιδίως μεθέλεσκε, πάρος ποσὶν οὖδας ἱκέσθαι. αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ δὴ σφαίρῃ ἀνʼ ἰθὺν πειρήσαντο, ὠρχείσθην δὴ ἔπειτα ποτὶ χθονὶ πουλυβοτείρῃ ταρφέʼ ἀμειβομένω· κοῦροι δʼ ἐπελήκεον ἄλλοι 380ἑστεῶτες κατʼ ἀγῶνα, πολὺς δʼ ὑπὸ κόμπος ὀρώρει. δὴ τότʼ ἄρʼ Ἀλκίνοον προσεφώνεε δῖος Ὀδυσσεύς· Ἀλκίνοε κρεῖον, πάντων ἀριδείκετε λαῶν, ἠμὲν ἀπείλησας βητάρμονας εἶναι ἀρίστους, ἠδʼ ἄρʼ ἑτοῖμα τέτυκτο· σέβας μʼ ἔχει εἰσορόωντα. 385ὣς φάτο, γήθησεν δʼ ἱερὸν μένος Ἀλκινόοιο, αἶψα δὲ Φαιήκεσσι φιληρέτμοισι μετηύδα· κέκλυτε, Φαιήκων ἡγήτορες ἠδὲ μέδοντες. ὁ ξεῖνος μάλα μοι δοκέει πεπνυμένος εἶναι. ἀλλʼ ἄγε οἱ δῶμεν ξεινήιον, ὡς ἐπιεικές.

Then Alcinous bade Halius and Laodamas dance alone, for no one could vie with them. And when they had taken in their hands the beautiful ball of purple, which wise Polybus had made for them, the one would lean backward and toss it toward the shadowy clouds, and the other would leap up from the earth and skilfully catch it before his feet touched the ground again. But when they had tried their skill in throwing the ball straight up, the two fell to dancing on the bounteous earth, ever tossing the ball to and fro, and the other youths stood in the lists and beat time, and thereat a great din arose. Then to Alcinous spoke goodly Odysseus: “Lord Alcinous, renowned above all men, thou didst boast that thy dancers were the best, and lo, thy words are made good; amazement holds me as I look on them.” So he spoke, and the strong and mighty Alcinous was glad; and straightway he spoke among the Phaeacians, lovers of the oar: “Hear me, leaders and counsellors of the Phaeacians. This stranger verily seems to me a man of understanding.

390δώδεκα γὰρ κατὰ δῆμον ἀριπρεπέες βασιλῆες ἀρχοὶ κραίνουσι, τρισκαιδέκατος δʼ ἐγὼ αὐτός· τῶν οἱ ἕκαστος φᾶρος ἐυπλυνὲς ἠδὲ χιτῶνα καὶ χρυσοῖο τάλαντον ἐνείκατε τιμήεντος. αἶψα δὲ πάντα φέρωμεν ἀολλέα, ὄφρʼ ἐνὶ χερσὶν 395ξεῖνος ἔχων ἐπὶ δόρπον ἴῃ χαίρων ἐνὶ θυμῷ. Εὐρύαλος δέ ἑ αὐτὸν ἀρεσσάσθω ἐπέεσσι καὶ δώρῳ, ἐπεὶ οὔ τι ἔπος κατὰ μοῖραν ἔειπεν. ὣς ἔφαθʼ, οἱ δʼ ἄρα πάντες ἐπῄνεον ἠδʼ ἐκέλευον, δῶρα δʼ ἄρʼ οἰσέμεναι πρόεσαν κήρυκα ἕκαστος. 400τὸν δʼ αὖτʼ Εὐρύαλος ἀπαμείβετο φώνησέν τε· Ἀλκίνοε κρεῖον, πάντων ἀριδείκετε λαῶν, τοιγὰρ ἐγὼ τὸν ξεῖνον ἀρέσσομαι, ὡς σὺ κελεύεις. δώσω οἱ τόδʼ ἄορ παγχάλκεον, ᾧ ἔπι κώπη ἀργυρέη, κολεὸν δὲ νεοπρίστου ἐλέφαντος 405ἀμφιδεδίνηται· πολέος δέ οἱ ἄξιον ἔσται. ὣς εἰπὼν ἐν χερσὶ τίθει ξίφος ἀργυρόηλον καί μιν φωνήσας ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδα· χαῖρε, πάτερ ὦ ξεῖνε· ἔπος δʼ εἴ πέρ τι βέβακται δεινόν, ἄφαρ τὸ φέροιεν ἀναρπάξασαι ἄελλαι.

Come then, let us give him a gift of friendship, as is fitting; for twelve glorious kings bear sway in our land as rulers, and I myself am the thirteenth. Now do you, each of the twelve, bring a newly washed cloak and tunic, and a talent of precious gold, and let us straightway bring all together, that the stranger with our gifts in his hands may go to his supper glad at heart. And let Euryalus make amends to the stranger himself with words and with a gift, for the word that he spoke was in no wise seemly.” So he spoke, and they all praised his words and bade that so it should be, and sent forth every man a herald to fetch the gifts. And Euryalus in turn made answer, and said: “Lord Alcinous, renowned above all men, I will indeed make amends to the stranger, as thou biddest me. I will give him this sword, all of bronze, whereon is a hilt of silver, and a scabbard of new-sawn ivory is wrought about it; and it shall be to him a thing of great worth.” So saying, he put into his hands the silver-studded sword, and spoke, and addressed him with winged words: “Hail, Sir stranger; but if any word has been spoken that was harsh, may the storm-winds straightway snatch it and bear it away.

410σοὶ δὲ θεοὶ ἄλοχόν τʼ ἰδέειν καὶ πατρίδʼ ἱκέσθαι δοῖεν, ἐπεὶ δὴ δηθὰ φίλων ἄπο πήματα πάσχεις. τὸν δʼ ἀπαμειβόμενος προσέφη πολύμητις Ὀδυσσεύς· καὶ σὺ φίλος μάλα χαῖρε, θεοὶ δέ τοι ὄλβια δοῖεν. μηδέ τι τοι ξίφεός γε ποθὴ μετόπισθε γένοιτο 415τούτου, ὃ δή μοι δῶκας ἀρεσσάμενος ἐπέεσσιν. ἦ ῥα καὶ ἀμφʼ ὤμοισι θέτο ξίφος ἀργυρόηλον. δύσετό τʼ ἠέλιος, καὶ τῷ κλυτὰ δῶρα παρῆεν. καὶ τά γʼ ἐς Ἀλκινόοιο φέρον κήρυκες ἀγαυοί· δεξάμενοι δʼ ἄρα παῖδες ἀμύμονος Ἀλκινόοιο 420μητρὶ παρʼ αἰδοίῃ ἔθεσαν περικαλλέα δῶρα. τοῖσιν δʼ ἡγεμόνευʼ ἱερὸν μένος Ἀλκινόοιο, ἐλθόντες δὲ καθῖζον ἐν ὑψηλοῖσι θρόνοισι. δή ῥα τότʼ Ἀρήτην προσέφη μένος Ἀλκινόοιο· δεῦρο, γύναι, φέρε χηλὸν ἀριπρεπέʼ, ἥ τις ἀρίστη· 425ἐν δʼ αὐτὴ θὲς φᾶρος ἐυπλυνὲς ἠδὲ χιτῶνα. ἀμφὶ δέ οἱ πυρὶ χαλκὸν ἰήνατε, θέρμετε δʼ ὕδωρ, ὄφρα λοεσσάμενός τε ἰδών τʼ ἐὺ κείμενα πάντα δῶρα, τά οἱ Φαίηκες ἀμύμονες ἐνθάδʼ ἔνεικαν, δαιτί τε τέρπηται καὶ ἀοιδῆς ὕμνον ἀκούων.

And for thyself, may the gods grant thee to see thy wife, and to come to thy native land, for long time hast thou been suffering woes far from thy friends.” And Odysseus of many wiles answered him: “All hail to thee, too, friend; and may the gods grant thee happiness, and mayest thou never hereafter miss this sword which thou hast given me, making amends with gentle speech.” He spoke, and about his shoulders hung the silver-studded sword. And the sun set, and the glorious gifts were brought him. These the lordly heralds bore to the palace of Alcinous, and the sons of peerless Alcinous took the beautiful gifts and set them before their honored mother. And the strong and mighty Alcinous led the way, and they came in and sat down on the high seats. Then to Arete spoke the mighty Alcinous: “Bring hither, wife, a goodly chest, the best thou hast, and thyself place in it a newly-washed cloak and tunic; and do ye heat for the stranger a cauldron on the fire, and warm water, that when he has bathed and has seen well bestowed all the gifts which the noble Phaeacians have brought hither, he may take pleasure in the feast, and in hearing the strains of the song.

430καί οἱ ἐγὼ τόδʼ ἄλεισον ἐμὸν περικαλλὲς ὀπάσσω, χρύσεον, ὄφρʼ ἐμέθεν μεμνημένος ἤματα πάντα σπένδῃ ἐνὶ μεγάρῳ Διί τʼ ἄλλοισίν τε θεοῖσιν. ὣς ἔφατʼ, Ἀρήτη δὲ μετὰ δμῳῇσιν ἔειπεν ἀμφὶ πυρὶ στῆσαι τρίποδα μέγαν ὅττι τάχιστα. 435αἱ δὲ λοετροχόον τρίποδʼ ἵστασαν ἐν πυρὶ κηλέῳ, ἔν δʼ ἄρʼ ὕδωρ ἔχεαν, ὑπὸ δὲ ξύλα δαῖον ἑλοῦσαι. γάστρην μὲν τρίποδος πῦρ ἄμφεπε, θέρμετο δʼ ὕδωρ· τόφρα δʼ ἄρʼ Ἀρήτη ξείνῳ περικαλλέα χηλὸν ἐξέφερεν θαλάμοιο, τίθει δʼ ἐνὶ κάλλιμα δῶρα, 440ἐσθῆτα χρυσόν τε, τά οἱ Φαίηκες ἔδωκαν· ἐν δʼ αὐτὴ φᾶρος θῆκεν καλόν τε χιτῶνα, καί μιν φωνήσασʼ ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδα· αὐτὸς νῦν ἴδε πῶμα, θοῶς δʼ ἐπὶ δεσμὸν ἴηλον, μή τίς τοι καθʼ ὁδὸν δηλήσεται, ὁππότʼ ἂν αὖτε 445εὕδῃσθα γλυκὺν ὕπνον ἰὼν ἐν νηὶ μελαίνῃ. αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ τό γʼ ἄκουσε πολύτλας δῖος Ὀδυσσεύς, αὐτίκʼ ἐπήρτυε πῶμα, θοῶς δʼ ἐπὶ δεσμὸν ἴηλεν ποικίλον, ὅν ποτέ μιν δέδαε φρεσὶ πότνια Κίρκη· αὐτόδιον δʼ ἄρα μιν ταμίη λούσασθαι ἀνώγει 450ἔς ῥʼ ἀσάμινθον βάνθʼ· ὁ δʼ ἄρ ἀσπασίως ἴδε θυμῷ θερμὰ λοέτρʼ, ἐπεὶ οὔ τι κομιζόμενός γε θάμιζεν, ἐπεὶ δὴ λίπε δῶμα Καλυψοῦς ἠυκόμοιο. τόφρα δέ οἱ κομιδή γε θεῷ ὣς ἔμπεδος ἦεν.

And I will give him this beautiful cup of mine, wrought of gold, that he may remember me all his days as he pours libations in his halls to Zeus and to the other gods.” So he spoke, and Arete bade her handmaids to set a great cauldron on the fire with all speed. And they set on the blazing fire the cauldron for filling the bath, and poured in water, and took billets of wood and kindled them beneath it. Then the fire played about the belly of the cauldron, and the water grew warm; but meanwhile Arete brought forth for the stranger a beautiful chest from the treasure chamber, and placed in it the goodly gifts, the raiment and the gold, which the Phaeacians gave. And therein she herself placed a cloak and a fair tunic; and she spoke and addressed Odysseus with winged words: “Look now thyself to the lid, and quickly cast a cord upon it, lest some one despoil thee of thy goods on the way, when later on thou art lying in sweet sleep, as thou farest in the black ship.” Now when the much-enduring goodly Odysseus heard these words, he straightway fitted on the lid, and quickly cast a cord upon it—a cunning knot, which queenly Circe once had taught him. Then forthwith the housewife bade him go to the bath and bathe; and his heart was glad when he saw the warm bath, for he had not been wont to have such tendance from the time that he left the house of faired-haired Calypso, but until then he had tendance continually as a god.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Augustus Taber Murray (1919). Original text: Augustus Taber Murray (ed.), Homer, The Odyssey, Loeb Classical Library, London: Heinemann; New York: Putnam, 1919, vols. 1-2 (Greek text, based on the Oxford Classical Text, and English translation, as digitised by Perseus).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.