Bacchylides · Dithyrambs Διθύραμβοι

Bacchylides, Dithyrambs 19.1–20.11: Dithyrambs 19–20: Io and Argus; Idas and Marpessa

Dithyramb 19 tells of Io, driven by the gadfly, and asks whether Hermes slew the watcher Argus or lulled him to sleep. She came to the banks of the Nile and bore Epaphus, and from that race sprang Cadmus and Dionysus. Dithyramb 20, a fragment, tells how the maidens of Lacedaemon sang of Idas bringing home Marpessa in a chariot given by Poseidon.

Lines 19.1–20.11 · 367 words · click a number to copy its link
1πάρεστι μυρία κέλευθος ἀμβροσίων μελέων, ὃς ἂν παρὰ Πιερίδων λά- χῃσι δῶρα Μουσᾶν, 5ἰοβλέφαροί τε καὶ φερεστέφανοι Χάριτες βάλωσιν ἄμφι τιμὰν ὕμνοισιν· ὕφαινέ νυν ἐν ταῖς πολυηράτοις τι κλεινὸν 10ὀλβίαις Ἀθάναις, εὐαίνετε Κηϊα μέριμνα. πρέπει σε φερτάταν ἴμεν ὁδὸν παρὰ Καλλιόπας λα- χοῖσαν ἔξοχον γέρας. 15ἦεν Ἄργος ὅθʼ ἵππιον λιποῦσα

A thousand paths of poesy divine are open to him who has received gifts from the Muses of Pieria, and whose songs have been clothed with worship by the dark-eyed Graces who bring the wreath.

Weave, then, some glorious lay in Athens, the lovely and the blest, thou Cean fantasy of fair renown. A choice strain should be thine, since Calliope has given thee a meed of signal honour.

There was a time when, by the counsels of wide-ruling Zeus

16φεῦγε χρυσέα βοῦς, εῦρυσθενέος φραδαῖσι φερτάτου Διός, Ἰνάχου ῥοδοδάκτυλος κόρα· ὅτʼ Ἄργον ὄμμασιν βλέποντα 20πάντοθεν ἀκαμάτοις μεγιστοάνασσα κέλευσε χρυσόπεπλος Ἥρα ἄκοιτον ἄϋπνον ἐό ν- τα καλλικέραν δάμαλιν 25φυλάσσεν· οὐδὲ Μαίας υἱὸς δύνατʼ οὔτε κατʼ εὐ- φεγγέας ἁμέρας λαθεῖν νιν οὔτε νύκτας ἁγν[άς. εἴτʼ οὖν γένετʼ ἐ[ν ˘¯˘¯˘

most high, the heifer precious in his sight,—the rosy-fingered maid born to Inachus,—was flying from Argos nurse of steeds: when Argus, looking every way with tireless eyes, had been charged by the great queen, Hera of golden robe, to keep unresting, sleepless ward o’er that creature with the goodly horns. Nor could Maia’s son elude him in the sun-lit days or in the holy nights.

Did it befall then that the

30ποδαρκέʼ ἄγγελο[ν Διὸς κτανεῖν τότε [Γᾶς ˘˘¯˘ ὀβριμοσπόρου λ[˘× Ἄργον· ἤ ῥα καὶ [¯˘¯˘¯˘ ἄσπετοι μέριμν[αι· 35ἢ Πιερίδες φύτευ[σαν ¯˘¯˘× καδέων ἀνάπαυσ[ιν ¯˘× ἐμοὶ μὲν οὖν ἀσφαλέστατον ἁ προ[ ἐπεὶ παρʼ ἀνθεμώ[δεα 40Νεῖλον ἀφίκετʼ ο[ἰστροπλὰξ Ἰὼ φέρουσα παῖδ[α !!! Ἔπαφον· ἔνθα νι[ν !!!

swift messenger of Zeus slew huge Argus, Earth’s fierce offspring, [in combat]? Or did the watcher’s unending cares [close his dread eyes ;] or was he lulled to rest from weary troubles by the sweet melody of the Pierian sisters ?

For me, at least, the surest path of song [is that which leads me to the end]; when Io, driven by the gadfly, reached the flowery banks of Nile,

43λινοστόλων πρύ[τανιν !! ὑπερόχῳ βρύοντ[α !!! 45μεγίσταν τε θνα[τῶν !! ὅθεν καὶ Ἀγανορί[δας ἐν ἑπταπύλοισ[ι Θήβαις Κάδμος Σεμέλ[αν φύτευσεν, ἃ τὸν ὀρσιβάκχαν 50τίκτεν Διόνυσον, [!!!! καὶ χορῶν στεφα[νοφόρων ἄνακτα.

bearing in her womb Epaphus, child of Zeus.

There she brought him forth, to be glorious lord of the linen-robed folk, a prince flourishing in transcendent honour; and there she founded the mightiest race among men. From that race sprang Cadmus, son of Agenor, who in Thebes of the seven gates became father of Semele. And her son was Dionysus, inspirer of Bacchants, [king of joyous revels] and of choruses that wear the wreath...

1Σπάρτᾳ ποτʼ ἐν ε[ὐρυχόρῳ ξανθαὶ Λακεδαιμον[ίων τοιόνδε μέλος κ[όραι ὕμνευν, ὅτʼ ἄγετο καλλιπά[ρᾳον 5κόραν θρασυκάρ[διος Ἴδας Μάρπησσαν ἰότ[!!!! φυγὼν θανάτου τ[!!!!! ἀναξίαλος Ποσει[δὰν !!!! ἵππους τέ ϝοι ἰσαν[έμους 10Πλευρῶνʼ ἐς ἐϋκτ[ιμέναν χρυσάσπιδος υἱὸ[ν Ἄρηος

In spacious Sparta of yore the golden-haired maidens of Lacedaemon chanted such a song as this, when bold-hearted Idas was bringing home the fair maiden, Marpessa of the violet locks, after escaping the swift doom of death; when Poseidon, lord of the sea, had given him a chariot, with steeds swift as the wind, and had sped him on his way to well-built Pleuron, to the son of Ares with golden shield...

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English translation by Sir Richard C. Jebb (1905). Original text: Sir Richard C. Jebb (ed.), Bacchylides: The Poems and Fragments, Cambridge University Press, 1905 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library, Greek text); translation public domain (OCR from the Internet Archive scan). Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.