Ptolemy Hephaestion · New History Καινὴ ἱστορία

Ptolemy Hephaestion, New History 2.1–24: Book 2: Heracles, his beloveds and the tomb of Zeus

Most of the second book concerns Heracles: his cure with hellebore, the nine-fingered hero, his many beloveds, the building of the Argo and the lion and serpent that were his foes. It also explains the Cretan tomb of Zeus and records two sayings of Alexander, son of Philip.

Sections 2.1–24 · 602 words · click a number to copy its link

Ἡ δὲ β΄ περὶ Ἡρακλέους, ὡς μετὰ τὴν μανίαν ἐλλεβόρῳ καθαρθείη ὑπὸ Ἀντικυρέως τοῦ καὶ τὸ φάρμακον εὑρόντος τὸ ἐν Ἀντικύρᾳ τῆς Φωκίδος πλεονάζον, κἂν ἄλλοι ἄλλως αὐτὸν φασι καθαρθῆναι.

The second is about Heracles: how after his madness he was purified with hellebore by Anticyreus (who also discovered the drug, the hellebore that grows plentifully at Anticyra in Phocis), though others say he was purified in some other way.

ὅτι Νέστορά φασιν ἐρώμενον Ἡρακλέους γενέσθαι.

That they say Nestor became a beloved of Heracles.

ὅτι οὐ Φιλοκτήτης, φησίν, ἀλλὰ Μόρσιμος ὁ Τραχίνιος ὑφῆψεν Ἡρακλεῖ τὴν πυράν.

That it was not Philoctetes, he says, but Morsimus of Trachis who lit the pyre for Heracles.

ὅτι Ἡρακλῆς ἀποβρωθέντος αὐτῷ τῶν δακτύλων ἑνὸς ὑπὸ τοῦ Νεμεαίου λέοντος ἐννεαδάκτυλος γέγονε, καὶ ἐστι τάφος τοῦ ἐκκεκομμένου δακτύλου· οἱ δὲ κέντρῳ τρυγόνος ἀποβαλεῖν τὸν δάκτυλον ἔφασαν.

That Heracles, when one of his fingers was eaten away by the Nemean lion, became nine-fingered, and there is a tomb of the cut-out finger; but some said that he lost the finger to the sting of a stingray.

λέοντα δ' ἔστιν ἰδεῖν τῷ τοῦ δακτύλου τάφῳ ἐφεστῶτα λίθινον ἐν Λακεδαίμονι, σύμβολον τῆς τοῦ ἥρωος ἀλκῆς.

One can see a stone lion standing on the tomb of the finger in Lacedaemon, a symbol of the hero's strength.

ἐξ ἐκείνου δὲ καὶ τοῖς ἄλλων τάφοις λιθίνους ἐφιστῶσι λέοντας.

From that time they also set stone lions on the tombs of others.

ἄλλοι δ' ἄλλως περὶ τῆς τοῦ λέοντος ἀναστηλώσεως φασιν.

Others tell it differently about the setting up of the lion [?].

ὡς ἐκ τῆς Ἡρακλέους πυρᾶς ἀκρίδων πλῆθος ἀνήφθησαν καὶ λοιμοῦ δίκην τὴν χώραν ἐσίνοντο, καὶ ὡς ἀνῃρέθησαν.

How a swarm of locusts rose up from the pyre of Heracles [?] and ravaged the country like a plague, and how they were destroyed.

ὡς Ἀφροδίτη δι' Ἄδωνιν τὸν αὐτῆς τε καὶ Ἡρακλέους ἐρώμενον Νέσσον τὸν Κένταυρον διδάξειε τὴν κατὰ Ἡρακλέα ἐνέδραν.

How Aphrodite, for the sake of Adonis, who was beloved both of her and of Heracles, taught Nessus the Centaur the ambush against Heracles.

ὡς Νιρεὺς ὁ Συμαῖος Ἡρακλέους ἦν ἐρώμενος, καὶ συγκατειργάσατο τὸν Ἑλικώνιον λέοντα· οἱ δὲ υἱὸν Ἡρακλέους τὸν Νιρέα φασί.

How Nireus of Syme was beloved of Heracles and helped him to dispatch the Heliconian lion; others say that Nireus was a son of Heracles.

τίνες αἱ παρὰ τῷ ποιητῇ χάριτες, αἷς παραβάλλει τὰς Εὐφόρβου κόμας.

Who the Graces are in the poet, to whom he compares the hair of Euphorbus.

ὅτι Νεῖλος ὁ Ἡρακλῆς ἀπὸ γενέσεως φησιν ἐκαλεῖτο, ἐπεὶ δ' Ἥραν ἔσωσεν ἐπερχόμενον αὐτῇ ἀνελὼν τὸν ἀνώνυμον καὶ πυρίπνοον Γίγαντα, ἐκεῖθεν διὰ τὸ ἀπαλαλκεῖν τῆς Ἥρας τὸν πόλεμον μετέβαλε τὴν κλῆσιν.

That Heracles, he says, was called Neilus from his birth, but when he saved Hera by killing the nameless, fire-breathing Giant who was attacking her, from then on, because he warded off war from Hera, he changed his name.

ὅτι Ἄβδηρος ὁ Ἡρακλέους ἐρώμενος τὰ περὶ τῆς πυρᾶς αὐτῷ Θησεῖ ἀναγγείλας ὑπ' αὐτοῦ ἀναιρεῖται.

That Abderus, the beloved of Heracles, after reporting the matters of the pyre to Theseus himself [?], is killed by him [?].

ὅτι τὴν μέσην κεφαλὴν τῆς ὕδρας Ἀριστόνικός φησιν ὁ Ταραντῖνος χρυσῆν εἶναι.

That Aristonicus of Tarentum says that the middle head of the Hydra was golden.

ὅτι Ἀλέξανδρος ὁ Μύνδιός φησι δράκοντα γηγενῆ συμμαχῆσαι Ἡρακλεῖ πρὸς τὸν Νεμεαῖον λέοντα, ὃν καὶ ἀνατραφῆναι ὑπὸ Ἡρακλέους, καὶ συνακολουθήσαντα αὐτῷ εἰς Θήβας ἐν Αὐλίδι μεῖναι· καὶ τοῦτον εἶναι τὸν τοὺς νεοσσοὺς καταφαγόντα τῆς στρούθου καὶ ἀπολιθωθέντα.

That Alexander of Myndus says that an earth-born serpent fought on Heracles' side against the Nemean lion, and that it was reared by Heracles, and, having followed him to Thebes, stayed at Aulis; and that this was the one that devoured the nestlings of the sparrow and was turned to stone.

ὡς τὴν Ἀργὼ ἐν Ὄσσῃ τῆς Θεσσαλίας Ἡρακλῆς μὲν κατασκευάζει, ὄνομα δ' αὐτῇ τίθησιν ἀπὸ Ἄργου τοῦ Ἰάσονος, ὃς ἦν ἐρώμενος αὐτῷ, δι' ὃν καὶ Ἰάσονι τὸν ἐπὶ Σκυθίας συνήρατο πλοῦν.

How Heracles builds the Argo on Ossa in Thessaly, and gives it its name from Argus, Jason's [?] beloved of him, for whose sake he also joined Jason on the voyage to Scythia.

ὡς Ἥρα συμμαχοῦσα τῷ Γηρυόνῃ τιτρώσκεται ὑφ' Ἡρακλέους κατὰ τὸν δεξιὸν μαζόν, καὶ ὅσα ἐξ ἐκείνου τελεῖται.

How Hera, fighting on the side of Geryon, is wounded by Heracles in the right breast, and what follows from that.

ὡς Κόρυθος, Ἴβηρ τὸ γένος ὢν καὶ Ἡρακλέους ἐρώμενος, πρῶτος κόρυθα κατεσκεύασεν, ἐξ οὗ καὶ τὴν ἐπωνυμίαν λαβεῖν φησι τὸ ὅπλον.

How Corythus, an Iberian by birth and beloved of Heracles, was the first to make a helmet (korys), from which, he says, the piece of armour took its name.

ὡς ὁ ἐν Κρήτῃ τάφος λεγόμενος τοῦ Διὸς Ὀλύμπου τοῦ Κρητός ἐστιν, ὃς παρὰ τοῦ Κρόνου λαβὼν τὸν Δία ἔτρεφέ τε καὶ ἐπαίδευε τὰ θεῖα.

How the tomb in Crete said to be that of Zeus is that of Olympus the Cretan, who received Zeus from Cronus and reared him and taught him divine matters.

ἀλλὰ γὰρ βάλλει, φησίν, ὁ Ζεὺς τὸν τροφέα καὶ διδάσκαλον κεραυνῷ, ὅτι δὴ τοὺς Γίγαντας αὐτῷ τὴν βασιλείαν ἐπιθέσθαι ὑπετίθετο.

But in fact, he says, Zeus strikes his foster-father and teacher with a thunderbolt, because he was suggesting [?] that the Giants would attack him for the kingdom.

ἀλλὰ βαλὼν καὶ νεκρὸν ἔχων μετεμέλετο· μὴ ἔχων δ' ἄλλως τὸ πάθος ἐκκλῖναι, δίδωσι τὸ ἴδιον ὄνομα τῷ τάφῳ τοῦ ἀνῃρημένου.

But having struck him and having a corpse on his hands, he repented; and, unable to turn aside his grief in any other way, he gives his own name to the tomb of the man he had killed.

τίνος ἐστὶ τὸ ὑπ' Ἀλεξάνδρου τοῦ Φιλίππου εἰρημένον „Πρωτέα, τῇ, πίε οἶνον, ἐπεὶ φάγες ἀνδρόμεα κρέα."

Whose is the line spoken by Alexander, the son of Philip, "Proteas, here, drink wine, since you have eaten the flesh of men."

καὶ πάλιν Πρωτέου, ποίαν ᾠδὴν εἶχεν ἐν συνηθείᾳ Ἀλέξανδρος, καὶ τίνος ἦν ποίημα· εἰς τίνα ἔγραψεν ἐπικήδειον ὁ αὐτὸς Ἀλέξανδρος ὁ Φιλίππου.

And again about Proteas: what song Alexander had in familiar use, and whose poem it was; and for whom the same Alexander, the son of Philip, wrote a funeral ode.

ταῦτα καὶ τὰ τοῦ β΄ κεφάλαια βιβλίου.

These are the chapters of the second book as well.

People and places in this passage

English translation by GreekMythology.com (2026). Original text: Immanuel Bekker (ed.), Photii Bibliotheca, vol. 1, Berlin: Reimer, 1824, codex 190, pp. 146b–153b (the summary of Ptolemy Hephaestion's Καινὴ ἱστορία).

Text layer: Greek text: public domain (Bekker, 1824; our transcription and correction from the Internet Archive scan bibliothecaexrec00photuoft). English translation © GreekMythology.com.. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.

New History 2.1–24: Heracles, his beloveds and the tomb of…