πλησίον δὲ ἅρμα τέ ἐστι χαλκοῦν καὶ ἀνὴρ ἀναβεβηκὼς ἐπʼ αὐτό, κέλητες δὲ ἵπποι παρὰ τὸ ἅρμα εἷς ἑκατέρωθεν ἕστηκε καὶ ἐπὶ τῶν ἵππων καθέζονται παῖδες· ὑπομνήματα δὲ ἐπὶ νίκαις Ὀλυμπικαῖς ἐστιν Ἱέρωνος τοῦ Δεινομένους τυραννήσαντος Συρακουσίων μετὰ τὸν ἀδελφὸν Γέλωνα. τὰ δὲ ἀναθήματα οὐχ Ἱέρων ἀπέστειλεν, ἀλλʼ ὁ μὲν ἀποδοὺς τῷ θεῷ Δεινομένης ἐστὶν ὁ Ἱέρωνος, ἔργα δὲ τὸ μὲν Ὀνάτα τοῦ Αἰγινήτου τὸ ἅρμα, Καλάμιδος δὲ οἱ ἵπποι τε οἱ ἑκατέρωθεν καὶ ἐπʼ αὐτῶν εἰσιν οἱ παῖδες.
παρὰ δὲ τοῦ Ἱέρωνος τὸ ἅρμα ἀνήρ ἐστιν ὁμώνυμός τε τῷ Δεινομένους καὶ ἐν Συρακούσαις καὶ οὗτος τυραννήσας, Ἱέρων δὲ ἐκαλεῖτο Ἱεροκλέους· μετὰ δὲ τὴν Ἀγαθοκλέους τοῦ πρότερον τυραννήσαντος τελευτὴν Συρακουσίοις αὖθις ἀναπεφύκει τύραννος ὁ Ἱέρων οὗτος, τὴν δὲ ἀρχὴν εἶχεν ἔτει δευτέρῳ τῆς ἕκτης Ὀλυμπιάδος ἐπὶ ταῖς εἴκοσι καὶ ἑκατόν, ἣν Κυρηναῖος στάδιον ἐνίκησεν Ἰδαῖος.
οὗτος ὁ Ἱέρων ξενίαν πρὸς Πύρρον τὸν Αἰακίδου καὶ ὁμοῦ τῇ ξενίᾳ καὶ ἐπιγαμίαν ἐποιήσατο, Γέλωνι τῷ παιδὶ Νηρηίδα ἀγαγόμενος τὴν Πύρρου. Ῥωμαίων δὲ περὶ Σικελίας ἐς τὴν πρὸς Καρχηδονίους πόλεμον καταστάντων εἶχον μὲν οἱ Καρχηδόνιοι τῆς νήσου πλέον ἢ ἥμισυ, Ἱέρωνι δὲ συνιόντων μὲν ἄρτι ἐς τὸν πόλεμον ἑλέσθαι τὰ Καρχηδονίων ἤρεσε, μετὰ δὲ οὐ πολὺ δυνάμει τε εἶναι νομίζων τὰ Ῥωμαίων ἐχυρώτερα καὶ βεβαιότερα ἅμα ἐς φιλίαν μετεβάλετο ὡς τούτους.
τοῦ δέ οἱ βίου συνέβη γενέσθαι τὴν τελευτὴν ὑπὸ Δεινομένους, γένος μὲν Συρακουσίου, δυσμενέστατα δὲ ἀνδρὸς ἐς τυραννίδα ἔχοντος, ὃς καὶ ὕστερον τούτων Ἱπποκράτει τῷ ἀδελφῷ τῷ Ἐπικύδους ἐξ Ἐρβησσοῦ παρεληλυθότι ἄρτι ἐς Συρακούσας καὶ ἐς τὸ πλῆθος ποιεῖσθαι λόγους ἀρχομένῳ ἐπέδραμεν ὡς ἀποκτενῶν τὸν Ἱπποκράτην· τοῦ δέ οἱ ἀντιστάντος, κρατήσαντες τῶν δορυφόρων ἄλλοι διαφθείρουσι τὸν Δεινομένην. τοὺς ἀνδριάντας δὲ τοῦ Ἱέρωνος ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ, ἐφʼ ἵππου τὸν ἕτερον, τὸν δὲ αὐτῶν πεζόν, ἀνέθεσαν μὲν τοῦ Ἱέρωνος οἱ παῖδες, ἐποίησε δὲ Μίκων Νικηράτου Συρακούσιος.
μετὰ δὲ τοῦ Ἱέρωνος τὰς εἰκόνας Ἀρεὺς ὁ Ἀκροτάτου Λακεδαιμονίων βασιλεὺς καὶ Ἄρατος ἕστηκεν ὁ Κλεινίου, καὶ αὖθις ἀναβεβηκώς ἐστιν Ἀρεὺς ἵππον. ἀνάθημα δὲ ὁ μὲν Κορινθίων ὁ Ἄρατος, Ἀρεὺς δὲ Ἠλείων ἐστί· καί μοι τοῦ λόγου τὰ πρότερα οὔτε τῶν ἐς Ἄρατον οὔτε τῶν ἐς Ἀρέα ἀμνημόνως ἔσχεν, Ἄρατος δὲ καὶ ἅρματι ἀνηγορεύθη νικῶν ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ.
Τίμωνι δὲ τῷ Αἰσύπου καθέντι ἐς Ὀλυμπίαν ἵππους ἀνδρὶ Ἠλείῳ ἐστι τοῦτο χαλκοῦν, ἐπʼ αὐτὸν ἀναβέβηκε παρθένος, ἐμοὶ δοκεῖν Νίκη. Κάλλωνα δὲ τὸν Ἁρμοδίου καὶ τὸν Μοσχίωνος Ἱππόμαχον, γένος τε Ἠλείους καὶ πυγμῇ κρατήσαντας ἐν παισί, τὸν μὲν αὐτῶν ἐποίησε Δάιππος, Ἱππομάχου δὲ ὅστις μὲν τὸν ἀνδριάντα εἰργάσατο οὐκ ἴσμεν, καταμαχέσασθαι δὲ τρεῖς φασιν ἀνταγωνιστὰς αὐτὸν οὔτε πληγὴν ἀποδεξάμενον οὔτε τι τρωθέντα τοῦ σώματος.
Θεόχρηστον δὲ Κυρηναῖον ἱπποτροφήσαντα κατὰ τὸ ἐπιχώριον τοῖς Λίβυσι καὶ αὐτόν τε ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ καὶ ἔτι πρότερον τὸν ὁμώνυμόν τε αὐτῷ καὶ τοῦ πατρὸς πατέρα, τούτους μὲν ἐνταῦθα ἵππων νίκας, ἐν δὲ Ἰσθμῷ τοῦ Θεοχρήστου λαβεῖν τὸν πατέρα, τὸ ἐπίγραμμα δηλοῖ τὸ ἐπὶ τῷ ἅρματι.
Ἀγήσαρχον δὲ τὸν Αἱμοστράτου Τριταιέα κρατῆσαι μὲν πύκτας ἄνδρας ἐν Ὀλυμπίᾳ καὶ Νεμέᾳ τε καὶ Πυθοῖ καὶ ἐν Ἰσθμῷ μαρτυρεῖ τὸ ἐλεγεῖον, Ἀρκάδας δὲ τοὺς Τριταιεῖς εἶναι τοῦ ἐλεγείου λέγοντος οὐκ ἀληθεύοντα εὕρισκον. πόλεων γὰρ τῶν ἐν Ἀρκαδίᾳ ταῖς μὲν ἐπειλημμέναις δόξης οὐδὲ τὰ ἐς τοὺς οἰκιστάς ἐστιν ἄγνωστα, τὰς δὲ ἐξ ἀρχῆς τε ὑπὸ ἀσθενείας ἀφανεστέρας καὶ διʼ αὐτὸ ἀνοικισθείσας ἐς Μεγάλην πόλιν, οὐ περιέχει σφᾶς γενόμενον τότε ὑπὸ τοῦ Ἀρκάδων κοινοῦ δόγμα;
οὐδέ τινα ἔστιν ἐν Ἕλλησι Τρίτειαν πόλιν ἄλλην γε ἢ τὴν Ἀχαιῶν εὑρεῖν. τηνικαῦτα γοῦν ἐς Ἀρκάδας ἡγοῖτο ἄν τις συντελέσαι τοὺς Τριταιεῖς, καθὰ καὶ νῦν ἔτι Ἀρκάδων αὐτῶν εἰσιν οἱ ἐς τὸ Ἀργολικὸν τελοῦντες. τοῦ Ἀγησάρχου δέ ἐστιν ἡ εἰκὼν τέχνη τῶν Πολυκλέους παίδων. τούτων μὲν δὴ ποιησόμεθα μνήμην καὶ ἐν τοῖς ὑστέροις τοῦ λόγου·
Near it is a bronze chariot with a man mounted on it, and race-horses stand beside the chariot, one on each side, and boys are seated on the horses. They are memorials of Olympic victories gained by Hiero, son of Dinomenes, who was tyrant of Syracuse after his brother Gelo. The offerings, however, were not sent by Hiero: it was his son Dinomenes who presented them to the god. The chariot is a work of Onatas the Aeginetan; but the horses on each side and the boys on them are by Calamis.
Beside the chariot of Hiero is the statue of a man who bore the same name as the son of Dinomenes, and was, like him, tyrant of Syracuse. He was called Hiero, son of Hierocles. For after the death of the former tyrant Agathocles, another tyrant of Syracuse cropped up in the person of this Hiero. He acquired the sovereignty in the second year of the hundred and twenty-sixth Olympiad, in which Idaeus, a Cyrenian, won the foot-race. This Hiero entered into friendly relations with Pyrrhus, son of Aeacides, and cemented them by marriage, for he married his son Gelo to Nereis, daughter of Pyrrhus. At the time that the Romans went to war with the Carthaginians for the possession of Sicily, the Carthaginians held more than half of the island, and at the beginning of the war Hiero chose to side with the Carthaginians; but not long afterwards, believing that the Romans were the stronger power and the firmer friends, he went over to their side. He met his death at the hands of Dinomenes, a Syracusan, a bitter foe of tyranny, who afterwards, when Hippocrates, brother of Epicydes, had just come from Erbessus to Syracuse, and was beginning to address the multitude, made a rush at him to kill him. But Hippocrates withstood him, and his guards overpowered and despatched Dinomenes. The statues of Hiero at Olympia—one on horseback, the other on foot —were dedicated by his sons, and are the works of Micon, a Syracusan, son of Niceratus.
After the statues of Hiero is a statue of a Lacedaemonian king, Areus, son of Acrotatus, and one of Aratus, son of Clinias, and another of Areus on horseback. The statue of Aratus is an offering of the Corinthians, that of Areus is an offering of the Eleans. I have already given some account both of Aratus and of Areus. Aratus was also proclaimed victor in the chariot-race at Olympia. Timon, an Elean, son of Aegyptus, entered a four-horse chariot for the race at Olympia . . . the chariot is of bronze, and on it is mounted a maiden, who, I think, is Victory. Callon, son of Harmodius, and Hippomachus, son of Moschion, were both Eleans, and both victors in the boys’ boxing-match. The statue of the former is by Daippus. Who made the statue of Hippomachus I do not know. They say that Hippomachus vanquished three antagonists without receiving a blow or a wound in his body. Theochrestus, a Cyrenian, bred horses according to the Libyan custom, and he and his paternal grandfather before him, of the same name, gained victories at Olympia with the four-horse chariot, and his father gained a victory at the Isthmus: all this is stated in the inscription on the chariot. That Agesarchus the Tritaean, son of Haemostratus, conquered in the men’s boxing-match at Olympia, Nemea, Pytho, and the Isthmus, is attested by the elegiac verses (on his statue), which also declare that the Tritaeans are Arcadians, but the latter statement I found to be false. For the founders of all the famous cities in Arcadia are known ; and the names of the cities which had always been feeble and obscure, and were therefore absorbed into Megalopolis, are all comprised in a resolution which was adopted at the time by the Arcadian confederacy ; and there is no city Tritia to be found in Greece except the one in Achaia. However, we may suppose that in the time of Agesarchus the people of Tritia were reckoned among the Arcadians, just as at present some of the Arcadians are reckoned among the Argives. The statue of Agesarchus is a work of the sons of Polycles, of whom mention will again be made in the sequel.
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