τὴν δέ τις ἐν τῷ Μιθριδάτου στρατοπέδῳ Δανδαρίων δυνάστης Ὀλθακὸς γένος δʼ εἰσὶν οἱ Δανδάριοι βαρβάρων τῶν περὶ τήν Μαιῶτιν οἰκούντων, ἀνὴρ ὅσα χειρὸς ἔργα καί τόλμης ἐν πολέμῳ διαπρεπὴς ἅπαντα, καί γνώμην ἱκανὸς ἐν τοῖς μεγίστοις, ἔτι δʼ ἐμμελὴς ὁμιλῆσαι καί θεραπευτικός, οὗτος ἔχων ἀεὶ πρός τινα τῶν ὁμοφύλων δυναστῶν ἅμιλλαν ὑπὲρ πρωτείων καὶ ζηλοτυπίαν ὑπέσχετο τῷ Μιθριδάτῃ μέγα ἔργον, ἀποκτενεῖν Λούκουλλον.
In the camp of Mithridates there was a Dandarian prince named Olthacus (the Dandarians are a tribe of barbarians dwelling about Lake Maeotis), a man conspicuous as a soldier for qualities of strength and boldness, of a most excellent judgment, and withal affable in address and of insinuating manners. This man was always in emulous rivalry for the precedence with a fellow prince of his tribe, and so was led to undertake a great exploit for Mithridates, namely, the murder of Lucullus.
ἐπαινέσαντος δὲ τοῦ βασιλέως καί τινας αὐτῷ προσβαλόντος ἐπίτηδες ἀτιμίας εἷς προσποίησιν ὀργῆς ἀφιππάσατο πρός Λούκουλλον· ὁ δʼ ἄσμενος ἐδέξατο· λόγος γὰρ ἦν αὐτοῦ πολὺς ἐν τῷ στρατοπέδῳ· καί ταχὺ πειρώμενος ἠσπάζετο τήν τε ἀγχίνοιαν αὐτοῦ καί τὸ λιπαρές, ὥστε τραπέζης καί συνεδρίου ποτὲ ποιεῖσθαι κοινωνόν.
The king approved of his design, and purposely inflicted upon him sundry marks of disgrace, whereupon, pretending to be enraged, he galloped off to Lucullus, who gladly welcomed him, since there was much talk of him in the camp. After a short probation, Lucullus was so pleased with his shrewdness and zeal, that he made him a table companion, and at last a member of his council.
ἐπεὶ δʼ ἐδόκει καιρὸν ἔχειν ὁ Δανδάριος, τὸν μὲν ἵππον ἔξω τοῦ χάρακος ἐκέλευσε προαγαγεῖν τοὺς παῖδας, αὐτὸς δὲ μεσημβρίας οὔσης καί τῶν στρατιωτῶν ἐνδιαζόντων καί ἀναπαυομένων ἐβάδιζεν ἐπὶ τήν στρατηγικὴν σκηνήν, ὡς οὐδενὸς κωλύσοντος εἰσελθεῖν ἄνδρα συνήθη καί λόγους τινὰς ἀξίους σπουδῆς τῷ στρατηγῷ κομίζειν φάσκοντα.
Now when the Dandarian thought his opportunity had come, he ordered his slaves to lead his horse outside the camp, while he himself, at mid-day, when the soldiers were lying around enjoying their rest, went to the general’s tent. He thought no one would deny entrance to a man who was an intimate of the general, and said he brought him certain messages of great importance.
κἂν εἰσῆλθεν ἀδεῶς, εἰ μὴ ὁ πολλοὺς ἀνῃρηκὼς στρατηγοὺς ὕπνος Λούκουλλον ἔσωσεν. ἐτύγχανε γὰρ καθεύδων καί Μενέδημος, εἷς τῶν κατευναστῶν, παρὰ ταῖς θύραις ἑστὼς οὐκ ἔφη κατὰ καιρὸν ἥκειν τὸν Ὀλθακόν, ἄρτι Λουκούλλου πρός ἀνάπαυσιν ἐκ μακρᾶς ἀγρυπνίας καί πόνων τοσούτων δεδωκότος ἑαυτόν.
And he would have entered without let or hindrance, had not sleep, the destroyer of many generals, saved Lucullus. For it chanced that he was asleep, and Menedemus, one of his chamberlains, who stood at the tent-door, told Olthacus that he had come at an inopportune time, since Lucullus had just betaken himself to rest after his long watching and many hardships.
ἐπεὶ δʼ οὐκ ἀπῄει κελεύοντος, ἀλλʼ ἔφη καί κωλύοντος εἰσελεύσεσθαι περὶ πράγματος ἀναγκαίου καί μεγάλου διαλεχθῆναι βουλόμενος, ἤδη πρὸς ὀργὴν ὁ Μενέδημος εἰπὼν μηδὲν ἀναγκαιότερον τοῦ σῴζεσθαι Λούκουλλον ἀπεώσατο τὸν ἄνθρωπον ἀμφοτέραις ταῖς χερσίν.
Olthacus did not retire at the bidding of Menedemus, but declared that even in spite of him he would go in, since he wished to confer with the general on urgent business of great importance. Then Menedemus got angry, declared that nothing was more urgent than the preservation of Lucullus, and pushed the man away with both hands.
ὁ δὲ δείσας ὑπεξῆλθε τοῦ χάρακος, καί λαβὼν τὸν ἵππον ἀπήλασεν εἷς τὸ Μιθριδάτου στρατόπεδον ἄπρακτος, οὕτως ἄρα καί τοῖς πράγμασιν ὁ καιρὸς ὥσπερ τοῖς φαρμάκοις καί τήν σῴζουσαν καί τήν ἀναιροῦσαν ῥοπὴν προστίθησιν.
Then Olthacus, in fear, left the camp, took horse, and rode off to the camp of Mithridates, without effecting his purpose. So true is it that in active life, as well as in sickness, it is the critical moment which gives the scales their saving or their fatal inclination.
ἐκ τούτου Σωρνάτιος μὲν ἐπὶ σίτου κομιδὴν ἐπέμφθη μετὰ δέκα σπειρῶν καὶ καταδιωχθεὶς ὑπὸ Μενάνδρου, τῶν Μιθριδάτου στρατηγῶν ἑνός, ἀντέστη καὶ συμβαλὼν φόνον ἐποίησε πολὺν καὶ τροπὴν τῶν πολεμίων, αὖθις δὲ πεμφθέντος Ἀδριανοῦ μετὰ δυνάμεως, ὅπως ἐκ περιουσίας ἔχωσιν οἱ στρατιῶται σῖτον, οὐ περιεῖδε Μιθριδάτης, ἀλλʼ ἀπέστειλε Μενέμαχον καὶ Μύρωνα πολλῶν μὲν ἱππέων, πολλῶν δὲ πεζῶν ἡγουμένους.
After this, Sornatius was sent with ten cohorts to get supplies of grain. Being pursued by Menander, one of the generals of Mithridates, he faced about, joined battle, and routed the enemy with great slaughter. And again, when Adrian was sent out with a force to procure an abundance of grain for the soldiers, Mithridates did not look on idly, but dispatched Menemachus and Myron, at the head of a large body of cavalry and footmen.
οὗτοι πάντες, ὡς λέγεται, πλὴν δυεῖν κατεκόπησαν ὑπὸ τῶν Ῥωμαίων. καὶ Μιθριδάτης μὲν ἔκρυπτε τὴν συμφοράν ὡς οὐ τοσαύτην οὖσαν, ἀλλὰ μικράν, προσκεκρουκότων ἀπειρίᾳ τῶν στρατηγῶν, Ἀδριανὸς δὲ λαμπρὸς παρημείβετο τὸ στρατόπεδον πολλὰς κατάγων ἁμάξας σίτου καὶ λαφύρων γεμούσας, ὥστε δυσθυμίαν μὲν αὐτῷ, ταραχὴν δὲ καὶ φόβον ἀμήχανον ἐμπεσεῖν τοῖς στρατιώταις.
All these, it is said, except two, were cut to pieces by the Romans. Mithridates tried to conceal the extent of the disaster, pretending that it was a slight matter, and due to the inexperience of his generals. But when Adrian marched pompously past his camp, convoying many waggons laden with grain and booty, a great despair fell upon the king, and confusion and helpless fear upon his soldiers. They decided, therefore, to remain where they were no longer.
ἐδέδοκτο μὲν οὖν μηκέτι μένειν ἐπεὶ δὲ προεξέπεμπον οἱ βασιλικοὶ τὰ σφέτερα χρήματα καθʼ ἡσυχίαν, τοὺς δʼ ἄλλους ἐκώλυον, ἤδη καὶ πρὸς ὀργὴν ἐπὶ τὰς ἐξόδους ὠθούμενοι καὶ βιαζόμενοι τὰ μὲν χρήματα ἥρπαζον, αὐτοὺς δὲ ἀπέσφαττον. ὅπου καὶ Δορύλαος ὁ στρατηγός οὐδὲν ἕτερον ἔχων ἢ τὴν πορφύραν περὶ αὑτόν ἀπώλετο διὰ ταύτην, Ἑρμαῖος δὲ ὁ θύτης κατεπατήθη περὶ τὰς πύλας.
But when the king’s servants tried to send away their own baggage first, and to hinder the rest from going, the soldiers at once got angry, pushed and forced their way to the exits of the camp, and there plundered the baggage and slew the men in charge of it. There it was that Dorylaüs, the general, with nothing else about him but his purple robe, lost his life for that, and Hermaeus, the priest, was trampled to death at the gates.
αὐτὸς δʼ ὁ Μιθριδάτης, οὔτε ὀπαδοῦ τινος οὔτε ἱπποκόμου παραμείναντος αὐτῷ, συνεξέπεσεν ἀπὸ τοῦ στρατοπέδου τοῖς πολλοῖς ἀναμεμιγμένος, οὐδʼ ἵππου τῶν βασιλικῶν εὐπορήσας, ἀλλʼ ὀψέ που κατιδὼν αὐτόν ἐν τῷ ῥεύματι τῆς τροπῆς ἐκείνης διαφερόμενον Πτολεμαῖος ὁ εὐνοῦχος ἵππον ἔχων αὐτὸς ἀπεπήδησε καὶ παρέσχεν.
Mithridates himself, with no attendant or groom to assist him, fled away from the camp in the midst of the throng, not even provided with one of the royal horses; but at last the eunuch Ptolemaeus, who was mounted, spied him as he was borne along in the torrent of the rout, leaped down from his horse, and gave it to the king.
ἤδη γὰρ αὑτόν οἱ Ῥωμαῖοι κατεῖχον ἐπικείμενοι· καὶ τάχει μὲν οὐκ ἀπελίποντο τοῦ λαβεῖν αὐτόν, ἀλλʼ ἦλθον ἔγγιστα τούτου, φιλοπλουτία δὲ καὶ μικρολογία στρατιωτικὴ τὸ πολλοῖς ἀγῶσι καὶ μεγάλοις κινδύνοις διωκόμενον ἐκ μακροῦ θήραμα Ῥωμαίους ἀφείλετο καὶ Λούκουλλον ἀπεστέρησε νικῶντα τῶν ἐπάθλων.
Presently the Romans, who were forcing the pursuit, were hard upon him, and it was for no lack of speed that they did not take him. Indeed, they were very near doing so, but greed, and petty soldier’s avarice, snatched from them the quarry which they had so long pursued in many struggles and great dangers, and robbed Lucullus of the victor’s prize.
ἦν μὲν γὰρ ἐν ἐφικτῷ τῆς διώξεως ὁ ὑπεκφέρων τὸν ἄνδρα ἵππος, ἡμιόνου δὲ τῶν τὸ χρυσίον κομιζόντων μεταξὺ τοῦ βασιλέως εἴτʼ ἀπὸ ταὐτομάτου παρεισπεσόντος, εἴτε τοῦ βασιλέως ἐπίτηδες ἐμβαλόντος αὑτόν εἰς τοὺς διώκοντας, ἁρπάζοντες καὶ συλλέγοντες τὸ χρυσίον καὶ διαμαχόμενοι πρὸς ἀλλήλους καθυστέρησαν.
For the horse which carried the king was just within reach of his pursuers, when one of the mules which carried the royal gold came between him and them, either of his own accord, or because the king purposely sent him into the path of pursuit. The soldiers fell to plundering and collecting the gold, fought with one another over it, and so were left behind in the chase.
καὶ οὐ τοῦτο μόνον αὐτῶν ἀπέλαυσε τῆς πλεονεξίας Λούκουλλος, ἀλλὰ καὶ τὸν ἐπὶ τῶν ἀπορρήτων τοῦ βασιλέως ὄντα Καλλίστρατον ὁ μὲν ἄγειν ἐκέλευσεν, οἱ δʼ ἄγοντες αἰσθόμενοι πεντακοσίους χρυσοῦς ὑπεζωσμένον ἀπέκτειναν. οὐ μὴν ἀλλὰ τούτοις μὲν ἐπέτρεψε τὸν χάρακα πορθῆσαι.
Nor was this the only fruit of their greed which Lucullus reaped. He had given orders that Callistratus, who was in charge of the king’s private papers, should be brought alive to him, but his conductors, finding that he had five hundred pieces of gold in his girdle, slew him. However, Lucullus allowed such soldiers as these to plunder the enemy’s camp.
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